Design of novel order mesostructured superacid catalyst from rice husk for the conversion of linseed oil to methyl esters

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA), and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) on the foliar absorption, translocation, and phytotoxicity of quizalofop. Absorption, translocation, and phytotoxicity of quizalofop in oats were greater when quizalofop was applied with FFA or FAME than with their respective triglycerides. Triglycerides and FFA generally enhanced quizalofop absorption and translocation more when they contained unsaturated than saturated fatty acids. Methylation of the fatty acids reduced differences among fatty acids, but methyl stearate and methyl linolenate enhanced absorption of quizalofop less than the other FAME for oats and yellow foxtail. Quizalofop absorption and phytotoxicity to oats were greater when applied with sunflower oil, sunflower oil FFA, and sunflower oil FAME than with the corresponding linseed oil derivatives. Emulsifier generally reduced differences between linseed oil and sunflower oil derivatives in their enhancement of absorption, translocation, and phytotoxicity of quizalofop.

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Thermal Stability of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Based Catalyst and Its Application in Conversion of Linseed Oil to Methyl Esters

Catalysis Letters ◽

10.1007/s10562-019-03001-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 150 (4) ◽

pp. 1028-1040

Author(s):

Hong Khanh Dieu Nguyen ◽

Hai Quoc Tran

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Mesoporous Carbon ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Ordered Mesoporous Carbon ◽

Ordered Mesoporous ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Carbon Based

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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AN ABSORPTION BAND AT 968 CM.−1 IN THE INFRARED SPECTRUM OF METHYL ISOLINOLEATE

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr49b-060 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 27b (7) ◽

pp. 610-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

H. W. Lemon ◽

C. K. Cross

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Absorption Spectrum ◽

Double Bond ◽

Absorption Band ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Infrared Absorption Spectrum ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Trans Configuration ◽

Double Bonds ◽

Identical Band

The infrared absorption spectrum of methyl isolinoleate, separated from the methyl esters of hydrogenated linseed oil fatty acids, has a well defined absorption band with maximum absorption at about 968 cm.−1 As an identical band was found in the spectra of fatty acids or esters after isomerization with selenium, it is attributed to the presence of double bonds with a trans-configuration. It was found that the same band was present in the spectra of samples taken during hydrogenation of oils, and that its intensity increased to a maximum, then decreased as hydrogenation proceeded. It is concluded that hydrogenation is accompanied by a cis-to-trans change in some of the double bonds of the fatty acids, and that methyl isolinoleate has at least one double bond with a trans-configuration.

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Emission characteristics of diesel fuel composed of linseed oil (Linum Usitatissium) blends utilizing rice husk producer gas

Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects ◽

10.1080/15567036.2014.999176 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (14) ◽

pp. 2001-2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Swarup Kumar Nayak ◽

Purna Chandra Mishra

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Producer Gas

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The use of sulfated tin oxide as solid superacid catalyst for heterogeneous transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil

Chemical Papers ◽

10.2478/s11696-010-0063-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Gerald Kafuku ◽

Keat Lee ◽

Makame Mbarawa

Keyword(s):

Tin Oxide ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Solid Catalyst ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Jatropha Curcas Oil ◽

Biodiesel Standards ◽

Superacid Catalyst ◽

Astm D6751 ◽

Central Composite

AbstractThis work presents the use of sulfated tin oxide enhanced with SiO2 (SO42−/SnO2-SiO2) as a superacid solid catalyst to produce methyl esters from Jatropha curcas oil. The study was conducted using the design of experiment (DoE), specifically a response surface methodology based on a threevariable central composite design (CCD) with α = 2. The reaction parameters in the parametric study were: reaction temperature (60°C to 180°C), reaction period (1 h to 3 h), and methanol to oil mole ratio (1: 6 to 1: 24). Production of the esters was conducted using an autoclave nitrogen pressurized reactor equipped with a thermocouple and a magnetic stirrer. The maximum methyl esters yield of 97 mass % was obtained at the reaction conditions: temperature of 180°C, reaction period of 2 h, and methanol to oil mole ratio of 1: 15. The catalyst amount and agitation speed were fixed to 3 mass % and 350–360 min−1, respectively. Properties of the methyl esters obtained fell within the recommended biodiesel standards such as ASTM D6751 (ASTM, 2003).

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Reaction of Methyl Esters of Fatty Acids of Linseed Oil on Autoxidation and Heating

Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.5650/jos1956.13.418 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 418-426

Author(s):

Gaku IZUMI ◽

Yutaka YAMADA

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters

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Optimization Of Protocol For Biodiesel Production Of Linseed (Linum Usitatissimum L.) Oil

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology ◽

10.2478/pjct-2013-0013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 74-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Faizan Ullah ◽

Asghari Bano ◽

Saqib Ali

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Catalyst Concentration ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

H Nmr ◽

Linum Usitatissimum L ◽

Dominant Fatty Acid ◽

American Society

Attempts were made to optimize variables affecting the yield of linseed oil biodiesel in a base catalyzed transesterification reaction. The variables studied were reaction temperature (40-70oC), catalyst (NaOH) concentration (0.1-1.5%) and reaction time (30-180 min). The conversion of linseed oil into methyl esters was confirmed through analytical methods like 1H NMR, gas chromatography (GC) and refractometer. The maximum biodiesel yield (97±1.045% w/w) was obtained at 0.5% catalyst concentration, 65oC temperature, 180 min reaction time and 6:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil. 1H NMR confirmed the practically obtained % conversion of triglycerides into methyl esters which was further evidenced by refractometer analyses. The refractive index of biodiesel samples was lower than pure linseed oil. GC analysis confirmed the presence of linolenic acid (C18:3) as the dominant fatty acid (68 wt. %) followed by oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and stearic acid (C18:0) respectively. The physical properties of linseed oil biodiesel like specific gravity (0.90 g/cm3) and flash point (177oC) were higher than American Society for Testing and Materials standards (ASTM 6751) for biodiesel. However, kinematic viscosity (3.752 mm2/s) was in the range of ASTM standards.

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Analysis of styrenated methyl esters of linseed oil fatty acids by molecular distillation

Analytica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/0003-2670(56)80153-0 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 228-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sie Swan Tiong ◽

H.I. Waterman ◽

C. Boelhouwer

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Molecular Distillation ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters

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EXHAUST EMISSIONS FROM THE ENGINE RUNNING ON MULTI-COMPONENT FUEL

Transport ◽

10.3846/16484142.2012.690138 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 111-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eglė Sendžikienė ◽

Violeta Makarevičienė ◽

Svitlana Kalenska

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Camelina Sativa ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Acid Methyl

Possible alternative raw materials for producing biodiesel fuel are as follows: Camelina sativa oil, fibre linseed oil and waste animal fat. The aim of this work was to analyse the emissions of the engine running on multi-component fuels containing fossil diesel fuel (D), linseed or Camelina sativa oil fatty acid methyl esters (LSME and CME respectively) and beef tallow (TME) fatty acid methyl esters. The concentration of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in the mixtures with fossil diesel fuel varied from 10% to 30%. The mass proportion of LSME (or CME) and TME in the mixtures was 1:4. The lowest NOxconcentration in exhaust gases was observed when the mixtures contained 10% of biofuel. For the mixtures containing CME and LSME, NOx concentrations reached 290 and 295 ppm respectively when the engine rotation speed was 1200 min−1 and 370 and 375 ppm respectively when rotation speed was 2000 min−1. CO concentration was the lowest when fuel contained 30% of the FAME mixture. HC concentration was slightly higher when the mixtures containing LSME were used relative to the mixtures containing CME. The amount of HC did not fluctuate considerably (195÷254 ppm) at rotation speeds between 1200 and 2000 min−1. Lower HC concentration was found in exhaust gas when the fuels containing 10% and 20% of biofuel were used. The lowest concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was found when the mixtures contained 30% of biofuel made of LSME or CME corresponding to 30 µg/m3 and 38 µg/m3 at a rotation speed of 1200 min−1 and 640 µg/m3 and 670 µg/m3 at a rotation speed of 2000 min−1 respectively. The greatest amount of smokiness at a high rotation speed of 2000 min−1 was observed when the mixture contained 30% of multi-component biodiesel fuel. It was found that the fuel containing a mixture of 30% of LSME biofuel and 20% of CME biofuel had a small advantage.

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