North and south: long-run social mobility in England and attitudes toward welfare

Cliometrica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Boberg-Fazlić ◽  
Paul Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Long Run ◽  
North And South

The political economy of North-South commodity bargaining: the case of the International Sugar Agreement

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent A. Mahler
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
European Community ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The Political ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Commodity ◽  
Long Run ◽  
North And South

The historically unstable world trade in sugar has long stimulated multilateral efforts to stabilize sugar prices. In the negotiations leading to the International Sugar Agreement (ISA) of 1977, both producers and consumers were willing to make short-term concessions in the interest of reaching an accord that would benefit all in the long run–a pattern that has hardly been typical of North-South bargaining in general. But the ISA has failed to achieve its goal of more stable sugar prices in the years since its enactment. This failure is primarily due not to shortcomings in the agreement itself but rather to a major expansion of production in the only important sugar exporter that failed to ratify the ISA, the European Community. The ISA is important not only in its own right but also because it offers a good example of the promise–and the problems–of international commodity agreements in bringing about more stable and equitable relations between North and South.

scholarly journals North-South diffusion of climate-mitigation technologies: the crowding-out effect on relocation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Julie Ing ◽  
Jean-Philippe Nicolaï
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Diffusion Of Technology ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
The Government ◽  
North And South

AbstractThe deployment of cleaner production technologies is supposed to be crucial to mitigate the effect of climate change. The diffusion of technology from developed to developing countries can be done through different channels. It can be a business decision such as firms' relocation, opening of a subsidiary or the adoption of technology by southern firms, or it may be decided at the government level. This paper investigates, in a two-country model (North and South), the relationship between the diffusion of mitigation technologies, firms' relocation and the environment. We assume that both countries implement a carbon tax and there are two kinds of production technology used: a relatively clean technology and a dirty one. This paper theoretically shows that the technology diffusion by technology adoption, public transfer or subsidiary creation induces a decrease in relocation, while technology diffusion via purchasing dirty southern firms may increase the number of relocated firms. The paper also demonstrates that technology diffusion may have perverse effects in the long run. Indeed, total emissions may increase with technology diffusion since southern firms become more competitive.

scholarly journals Fertility, social mobility and long run inequality

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Córdoba ◽  
Xiying Liu ◽  
Marla Ripoll
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Long Run

The Electoral Consequences of North–South Migration

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorren McMahon ◽  
Anthony Heath ◽  
Martin Harrop ◽  
John Curtice
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
The North ◽  
Social Bases ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Election Studies ◽  
North And South

Analysis of the British Election Studies suggests that migration between the north and south of Britain does have political effects, southerly migration leading voters away from Labour and northerly migration towards Labour. This pattern persists even after controls for prior social and political characteristics, experience of social mobility, and changes in local political environment. It does, however, appear to be a new phenomenon, not apparent in the earlier election studies. The results support the hypothesis that the north-south divide constitutes a distinct new political cleavage distinct from social class and the other more familiar social bases of voting behaviour.

scholarly journals History Lessons: Institutions, Factor Endowments, and Paths of Development in the New World

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L Sokoloff ◽  
Stanley L Engerman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
New World ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Long Run ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The explanations offered for the contrasting records of long-run growth and development among the societies of North and South America most often focus on institutions. The traditional explanations for the sources of these differences in institutions, typically highlight the significance of national heritage or religion. We, in contrast, argue that a hemispheric perspective across the wide range of colonies established in the New World by the Europeans suggests that although there were many influences, factor endowments or initial conditions had profound and enduring effects on the long-run paths of institutional and economic development followed by the respective economies.

scholarly journals Place, Peers, and the Teenage Years: Long-Run Neighborhood Effects in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-249
Author(s):  
Nathan Deutscher
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Australian Child ◽  
Suggestive Evidence ◽  
Long Run

I use variation in the age at which children move to show that where an Australian child grows up has a causal effect on their adult income, education, marriage, and fertility. In doing so, I replicate the findings of Chetty and Hendren (2018a) in a country with less inequality, more social mobility, and different institutions. Across all outcomes, place typically matters most during the teenage years. Finally, I provide suggestive evidence of peer effects using cross-cohort variation in the peers of permanent postcode residents: those born into a richer cohort for their postcode tend to end up with higher incomes themselves. (JEL D63, J13, J62, R23, Z13)

scholarly journals Specificity of Socio-Economic Processes in the Hungarian Microregion

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Katalin Kárász ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Average Proportion

The Kunhegyesi District is the most disadvantaged district in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. The aim of this study, which serves as a basis for a social comparative analysis of the District’s settlements in the future, is to understand the demographic processes. Population in the District has been steadily decreasing since 2011 besides lower income levels, poorer health indicators and a higher proportion of premature mortality. Two out of three children are disadvantaged, while the vast majority of young people drops out of secondary school without any qualification. The higherthan-average proportion of Roma population alone does not explain worsening economic output, economic performance has nothing to do with ethnic origin. Reasons are rather to be found in the deterioration of social mobility of the past two decades. Similarly to areas with a higher proportion of Roma population, the District also undergoes an exodus of nonRoma, resulting in ghettoization, thereby further diminishing chances of social mobility. Thanks to social inclusion and recovery programs, as well as the commitment of local Roma stakeholders, promising changes are coming true with an increase in qualification and employment levels and a decrease in the number of disadvantaged children, question is whether development is sustainable in the long run, and also, whether the District has a potential to independently selfsustain social development.

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