Reduction Swelling Mechanism for Different Types of Pellets Based on Continuous Imaging Analysis

JOM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Bai ◽  
Haibin Zuo ◽  
Binbin Lv ◽  
Jingsong Wang ◽  
Yuzhu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Swelling Mechanism ◽  
Reduction Swelling

scholarly journals Efecto de la descomposición de gas de amoniaco (NH3) sobre el hinchamiento de óxidos de hierro durante reducción

Athenea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Oscar Dam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Metallurgical Society ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Ore Pellets ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Swelling Mechanism ◽  
Magnetite Pellets ◽  
Reduction Swelling ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
American Society

Con el objeto de estudiar la relación y efecto del gas nitrógeno en los gases reductores utilizados en los ensayos de reducibilidad de óxidos de hierro, en condiciones isotérmicas, se ejecutó un esquema de ensayos utilizando gas amoniaco, tal que la descomposición del gas en el reactor produjera un gas de H2 y N2. Además, se planifico la adición de 6% de NH3 en una corriente de gas 28% H2 y 68% N2 para obtener una composición de gas de 70% N2 y 30% H2. Esto permitiría la reinterpretación de los datos de laboratorio para comparar las curvas d reducibilidad entre ambas condiciones, asumiendo que la posible diferencia entre ambas condiciones a comparar los cambios de volumen de las muestras reducidas. La diferencia a estudiar se basará en la estimación y comparación de la velocidad de formación de hierro metálico en las etapas de reducción de hematita/magnetita/wustita (FeO), así como los efectos del nitrógeno absorbido por el hierro metálico fresco producido, partir de la mezcla de gas reductor, sobre el cambio de volumen de las muestras. Así mismo se comparan empíricamente los cambios catastróficos de volumen causados por el nitrógeno comparando fuentes de este gas en reductores carbonosos sólidos. Palabras clave: reducción gaseosa, hierro de reducción directa (HRD), catálisis, catalizador de hierro, amoniaco, hinchamiento, absorción, nitruración. ensayos isotérmicos, nitrógeno en carbón. Referencias [1]O.G. Dam . The Influence of Nitrogen on the Swelling Mechanism of Iron Oxides During Reduction. Univ. of London. PhD Thesis 1983. [2]J.D Bogde.- Thermoelectric Power Measurements in Wustite. Univ. of Michigan. 1976. [3]O.G. Dam  y J. Jeffes. Model for the Assessment of Chemical Composition of reduced iron ores from single measurements. Ironmaking and Steelmaking. 1987. Vol. 14, N`5. [4]M. Yang. Nitriding-Fundamentals, modelling and process optimization. Tesis PhD. Worcester PolytechInstitute. 2012. [5]T. EL Kasabgy y W-K. LU. (1980). The Influence of Calcia and Magnesia in Wustite on the Kinetics of Metallization and Iron Whisker Formation. Metallurgical 1980 American Society for Metals and the Metallurgical Society of AIME Volume 11b, September 1980, pp. 410-414. [6]Srikar Potnuru Studies nn the Physical Properties and Reduction Swelling Behavior of Fired Haematite Iton ore Pellets. MSc Thesis. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute Of Technology, Rourkela May 2012. [7]R.S Agarwal y S.S. Hembram. To Study the Reduction and Swelling Behavior Iron Ore Pellets. BSc. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute Of Technology, Rourkela May 2013. [8]C.E. Seaton y J.S. Foster. and Velasco. Structural Changes Occurring during Reduction of Hematite and Magnetite Pellets Containing Coal Char. Transactions ISIJ, Vol. 23, 1983, pp. [10]C. Bozco. et.al. Interaction of Nitrogen with Iron Surfaces. Journal of Catalysis 49. 1977. [11]L.S. Darken y R.W. Gurry, Physical Chemistry of Metals. Mc Graw hIll . 1953. [12]H. A. Weirdt, y Z .Zwell. Trans. AIME. 229. 142. 1969. [13]J.J.S.Schulten. et al. Trans. Soc. Faraday. 53, 1363, 1957. [14]E.G.Barret y C.F. Wood. Bureau of Mines R-I 3229. 1934.

scholarly journals Imaging Analysis of Photoswitching Fluorophores Using Single-Imaging Analysis of Photoswitching Fluorophores Using Single-Molecule Microscopy Molecule Microsco

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2, 2021) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Binkley ◽  
Caleb Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Protein Labeling ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Single Molecule Localization Microscopy

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a developing field of biological imaging that employs the use of photoswitching fluorophores to image sub-cellular biological structures at a higher resolution than was previously possible. These fluorophores are used for protein labeling, so that the sample can be imaged under fluorescence microscopy. This type of microscopy requires the use of many different types of fluorophores, which are fluorescent organic compounds that blink stochastically on and off. Thus, it is critical for developers in the field to have easy access to statistical models of the behaviors of different fluorophores. Here, we take AlexaFluor 647 and analyze it using a fluorescence microscope, taking data on its blinking behaviors and discerning its properties when immersed in a fluorescence-dampening buffer solution. We find that the compound behaves best in buffer solution, and we forge a new methodology for evaluating new fluorophores in a systematic fashion using readily available computer software.

scholarly journals What a Stranded Whale With Scoliosis Can Teach us About Human Idiopathic Scoliosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven de Reuver ◽  
Lonneke IJsseldijk ◽  
Jelle Homans ◽  
Dorien Willems ◽  
Stefanie Veraa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotational Stability ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Balaenoptera Acutorostrata ◽  
Lateral Deviation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Strong Resemblance ◽  
Universal Mechanism

Abstract Scoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called ‘idiopathic’ and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, regardless of its cause, has a relatively uniform three-dimensional anatomy. We hypothesize that scoliosis is a universal compensatory mechanism of the spine, independent of cause and/or species. We had the opportunity to study the rare occurrence of scoliosis in a whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) that stranded in July 2019 in the Netherlands. A multidisciplinary team of biologists, pathologists, veterinarians, taxidermists, radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons conducted necropsy and imaging analysis. (Dorso-)lateral blunt traumatic injury to two vertebrae caused an acute lateral deviation of the spine, which had initiated the development of compensatory curves in regions of the spine without anatomical abnormalities. Three-dimensional analysis of these compensatory curves showed strong resemblance with different types of human scoliosis, amongst which idiopathic. This suggests that any decompensation of spinal equilibrium can lead to a uniform response, regardless of underlying cause or species. The unique biomechanics of the upright human spine, with significantly decreased rotational stability, explains why only in humans this universal mechanism of scoliosis can occur without an obvious cause, and is thus still called ‘idiopathic’.

Imaging analysis of EGFR mutated cancer cells using peptide nucleic acid (PNA)–DNA probes

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (15) ◽  
pp. 4613-4621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Shigeto ◽  
Takashi Ohtsuki ◽  
Akira Iizuka ◽  
Yasuto Akiyama ◽  
Shohei Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Peptide Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Egfr Mutated

PNA–DNA probes for detecting different types of EGFR mRNA harboring single nucleotide gene mutation were developed.

scholarly journals What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven de Reuver ◽  
Lonneke L. IJsseldijk ◽  
Jelle F. Homans ◽  
Dorien S. Willems ◽  
Stefanie Veraa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotational Stability ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Balaenoptera Acutorostrata ◽  
Lateral Deviation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Strong Resemblance

AbstractScoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called ‘idiopathic’ scoliosis and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, regardless of its cause, has a relatively uniform three-dimensional anatomy. We hypothesize that scoliosis is a universal compensatory mechanism of the spine, independent of cause and/or species. We had the opportunity to study the rare occurrence of scoliosis in a whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) that stranded in July 2019 in the Netherlands. A multidisciplinary team of biologists, pathologists, veterinarians, taxidermists, radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons conducted necropsy and imaging analysis. Blunt traumatic injury to two vertebrae caused an acute lateral deviation of the spine, which had initiated the development of compensatory curves in regions of the spine without anatomical abnormalities. Three-dimensional analysis of these compensatory curves showed strong resemblance with different types of human scoliosis, amongst which idiopathic. This suggests that any decompensation of spinal equilibrium can lead to a rather uniform response. The unique biomechanics of the upright human spine, with significantly decreased rotational stability, may explain why only in humans this mechanism can be induced relatively easily, without an obvious cause, and is therefore still called ‘idiopathic’.

The extinction time of a general birth and death process with catastrophes

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Extinction Time ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Laplace transform of the extinction time is determined for a general birth and death process with arbitrary catastrophe rate and catastrophe size distribution. It is assumed only that the birth rates satisfyλ0= 0,λj> 0 for eachj> 0, and. Necessary and sufficient conditions for certain extinction of the population are derived. The results are applied to the linear birth and death process (λj=jλ, µj=jμ) with catastrophes of several different types.

Differentiating between different forms of moral obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Moral Character ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Different Types

Abstract We argue that Tomasello's account overlooks important psychological distinctions between how humans judge different types of moral obligations, such as prescriptive obligations (i.e., what one should do) and proscriptive obligations (i.e., what one should not do). Specifically, evaluating these different types of obligations rests on different psychological inputs and has distinct downstream consequences for judgments of moral character.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

Study of the Molecular Architecture of Keratin Filaments by Electron Microscopy

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
P. Rew ◽  
T.-T. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
10 Nm Filaments ◽  
Different Cell Types

Various types of intermediate-sized (10-nm) filaments have been found and described in many different cell types during the past few years. Despite the differences in the chemical composition among the different types of filaments, they all yield common structural features: they are usually up to several microns long and have a diameter of 7 to 10 nm; there is evidence that they are made of several 2 to 3.5 nm wide protofilaments which are helically wound around each other; the secondary structure of the polypeptides constituting the filaments is rich in ∞-helix. However a detailed description of their structural organization is lacking to date.

A New Defect in Polyethylene Single Crystals

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
E. L. Thomas ◽  
S. L. Sass
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Screw Dislocation ◽  
Small Distance ◽  
Dipole Model ◽  
Dislocation Dipole ◽  
Chain Folding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Polymer Crystal ◽  
Different Types

In polyethylene single crystals pairs of black and white lines spaced 700-3,000Å apart, parallel to the [100] and [010] directions, have been identified as microsector boundaries. A microsector is formed when the plane of chain folding changes over a small distance within a polymer crystal. In order for the different types of folds to accommodate at the boundary between the 2 fold domains, a staggering along the chain direction and a rotation of the chains in the plane of the boundary occurs. The black-white contrast from a microsector boundary can be explained in terms of these chain rotations. We demonstrate that microsectors can terminate within the crystal and interpret the observed terminal strain contrast in terms of a screw dislocation dipole model.

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