Mental Health Outcomes Following a Large-Scale Potentially Traumatic Event Involving Police Officers and Civilian Staff of the Queensland Police Service

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Kerswell ◽  
Esben Strodl ◽  
Luke Johnson ◽  
Elias Konstantinou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Police Service

scholarly journals Effects of a Large-Scale Unconditional Cash Transfer Program on Mental Health Outcomes of Young People in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Kilburn ◽  
Harsha Thirumurthy ◽  
Carolyn Tucker Halpern ◽  
Audrey Pettifor ◽  
Sudhanshu Handa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Unconditional Cash Transfer

scholarly journals A prospective study of pre-employment psychological testing amongst police recruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Marshall ◽  
J S Milligan-Saville ◽  
Z Steel ◽  
R A Bryant ◽  
P B Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Police Recruits

Abstract Background Pre-employment psychological screening to detect psychological vulnerability is common amongst emergency service organizations worldwide, yet the evidence for its ability to predict poor mental health outcomes is limited with published studies looking at post-recruitment research data rather than data collected by the organizations themselves. Aims The present study sought to investigate the ability of pre-employment screening to predict later psychological injury-related absenteeism amongst police officers. Methods A nested case–control study using prospective data was conducted. One hundred and fifty police officers with a liability-accepted psychological injury were matched to a control group of 150 psychologically healthy officers. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations between Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) scales measuring factors research has shown to predict psychological injury (Neuroticism, Psychoticism, Introversion, Disconstraint and Aggressiveness) and psychopathology (Depression, Anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) with subsequent psychological injury. Results Contrary to expectations, we were unable to demonstrate any association between validated pre-employment measures of personality and psychopathology with mental health outcomes amongst newly recruited police officers over a 7-year follow-up. Conclusions Other measures may be better able to predict future mental health problems in police recruits.

scholarly journals Influence of Multiple Traumatic Event Types on Mental Health Outcomes: Does Count Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica M. Gerber ◽  
Sheila B. Frankfurt ◽  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Kelsey Oudshoorn ◽  
Paula Dranger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Chronic Mental Health Sequelae of Climate Change Extremes: A Case Study of the Deadliest Californian Wildfire

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Sarita Silveira ◽  
Mariah Kornbluh ◽  
Mathew C. Withers ◽  
Gillian Grennan ◽  
Veerabhadran Ramanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Resilience Factors

Introduction. Weather-related disasters, such as wildfires exacerbated by a rise in global temperatures, need to be better studied in terms of their mental health impacts. This study focuses on the mental health sequelae of the deadliest wildfire in California to date, the Camp Fire of 2018. Methods. We investigated a sample of 725 California residents with different degrees of disaster exposure and measured mental health using clinically validated scales for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Data were collected at a chronic time-point, six months post-wildfire. We used multiple regression analyses to predict the mental health outcomes based on self-reported fire exposure. Additionally, we included vulnerability and resilience factors in hierarchical regression analyses. Results. Our primary finding is that direct exposure to large scale fires significantly increased the risk for mental health disorders, particularly for PTSD and depression. Additionally, the inclusion of vulnerability and resilience factors in the hierarchical regression analyses led to the significantly improved prediction of all mental health outcomes. Childhood trauma and sleep disturbances exacerbated mental health symptoms. Notably, self-reported resilience had a positive effect on mental health, and mindfulness was associated with significantly lower depression and anxiety symptoms. Conclusion. Overall, our study demonstrated that climate-related extreme events, such as wildfires, can have severe mental illness sequelae. Moreover, we found that pre-existing stressful life events, resilient personality traits and lifestyle factors can play an important role in the prevalence of psychopathology after such disasters. Unchecked climate change projected for the latter half of this century may severely impact the mental wellbeing of the global population, and we must find ways to foster individual resiliency.

scholarly journals The relationship between organisational stressors and mental wellbeing within police officers: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit Purba ◽  
Evangelia Demou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Occupational stressors in police work increase the risk for officer mental health morbidities. Officers’ poor mental wellbeing is harmful to the individual, can affect professionalism, organisational effectiveness, and public safety. While the impact of operational stressors on officers’ mental wellbeing is well documented, no review has systematically investigated organisational stressor impacts. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the relationship between organisational stressors and police officer mental wellbeing. Methods Systematic review conducted following PRISMA and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Literature search was undertaken from 1990 to May 2017 on four databases (EBSCOHOST Medline/SocINDEX/PsycINFO/OVID Embase) and grey literature. Included articles were critically appraised and assessed for risk of bias. Narrative and evidence syntheses were performed by specific mental health outcomes. Results In total, 3571 results were returned, and 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. All included studies were published in English between 1995 and 2016, had cross-sectional study designs, spanned across four continents and covered 15,150 officers. Strong evidence of significant associations was identified for organisational stressors and the outcomes of: occupational stress, psychiatric symptoms/psychological distress, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment. The organisational stressors most often demonstrating consistently significant associations with mental health outcomes included lack of support, demand, job pressure, administrative/organisational pressure and long working-hours. Conclusions This review is the first to systematically examine organisational stressors and mental health in police officers. Organisational stressors that can be targeted by interventions and policy changes to secure officer wellbeing, a healthy work environment, and benefits to the organisation and the public are identified.

scholarly journals Predictors and mental health outcomes of potentially traumatic event exposure

2017 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassie Overstreet ◽  
Erin C. Berenz ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Danielle M. Dick ◽  
Ananda B. Amstadter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

scholarly journals Urban planning & mental health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Mishra ◽  
Richard Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Healthy City ◽  
Horticulture Therapy ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the potential for the built environment to serve as a determinant of mental health for the aging population. The exploration of situational and environmental context factors for health, such as low SES, low social capital, and social isolation has been stressed in health promotion. Specifically, the presence of accessible green space and facilitated interaction with the green space through activities such as horticulture therapy have been shown to be particularly beneficial. The quality of green space, distance to residential areas, and other factors have also been linked to the impact of the presence of green space on mental health. Much evidence indicates that incorporation of this space in cities can result an improvement in mental health through increasing physical activity and decreasing stress. Horticulture therapy has shown to have a positive effect on variables linked to mental health outcomes in older adults. This suggests a potential for inclusion of gardening-based community programming for cities with aging populations. However, there is a need for additional studies to confirm the effect size and find additional causal mechanisms to understand correlations between improved mental health outcomes and green space. There is also a need to consider the ways in which there can be large-scale coordination of policies on urban planning and healthy city design in North America.

Mental Health Among Adolescents from Returned Portuguese Immigrant Families

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Portuguese Adolescents

This study investigated mental health problems and their predictors among adolescents from returned immigrant families. The sample consisted of 360 returned adolescents (mean age = 16.8 years; SD = 1.9). The mean duration of a sojourn in Portugal for the sample was 8.2 years (SD = 4.5). A control group of 217 Portuguese youths were also included in the study. Adolescents from immigrant families reported mental health levels similar to those of Portuguese adolescents who have never migrated. Girls showed more mental health problems than boys. Younger adolescents showed fewer mental health problems than older adolescents. Adaptation variables contributed to mental health outcomes even after acculturation variables were accounted for. Implications of the study for counselors are discussed.

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