scholarly journals Associations of Maternal Urinary Cadmium with Trimester-Specific Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: Role of Dietary Intake of Micronutrients

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Osorio-Yañez ◽  
B. Gelaye ◽  
R. S. Miller ◽  
D. A. Enquobahrie ◽  
A. A. Baccarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urinary Cadmium ◽  
In Pregnancy

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H Shennan ◽  
Aidan WF Halligan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitors ◽  
In Pregnancy

The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remain a significant problem in antenatal care. The measurement of blood pressure in pregnancy is fundamental in diagnosing and managing these conditions. The introduction of technology in the form of ambulatory automated blood pressure monitors has allowed multiple, standardised measurements to be made away from the clinical environment, and has addressed many of the errors associated with conventional sphygmomanometry. This article explores the potential role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Investigation of Blood Pressure during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in relation to the MTHFR C677T Polymorphism

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Psara ◽  
E. O'Sullivan ◽  
K. Pentieva ◽  
M. Ward ◽  
G. Horigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
C677t Polymorphism ◽  
Genotype Group ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Riboflavin Status ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractThe common C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene encoding the folate-metabolising enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is implicated in hypertension and hypertension in pregnancy. Hypertension affects up to 15% of all pregnancies and has been identified as a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. We previously reported higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in non-pregnant women with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype compared to CT/CC genotypes. In addition, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in non-pregnant hypertensive adults from our Centre demonstrated that supplemental riboflavin (co-factor for MTHFR) lowers BP specifically in those with the TT genotype. However, the role of this common folate polymorphism and its interaction with riboflavin during pregnancy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MTHFR genotype and riboflavin status on BP in pregnancy. Data were generated from the ongoing Optimal Nutrition for the Prevention of Hypertension (OptiPREG) project. Pregnant women were recruited at the end of the first trimester from antenatal clinics in Northern Ireland and in the Republic of Ireland. Participants were screened for MTHFR genotype and BP was measured according to current clinical guidelines. Biomarker status of riboflavin was determined using the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), a functional assay with higher EGRac values representing a lower status. Overall, 117 (11.6%) participants were identified with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype. Both systolic and diastolic BP decreased from 8th to 16th gestational week (GW), however, this typical BP pattern was not observed in the TT genotype group. After adjusting for maternal age, GW and body mass index, women with the TT genotype at 12th GW had higher mean systolic (P 0.035) and diastolic (P 0.034) BP. When the results at the 12th GW were stratified by riboflavin status, the BP phenotype owing to this polymorphism was evident only among women with lower status (i.e. EGRac > 1.30), with mean (SEM) systolic BP of 120.4 (3.1) mmHg compared to 112.6 (2.5) mmHg in those with higher status (EGRac ≤ 1.30) within the TT genotype group; in contrast, low versus high riboflavin status had no impact on BP in CT/CC genotype groups. These results suggest that MTHFR genotype influences BP during pregnancy and that riboflavin can exert an important modulating effect on BP in women with TT genotype. An RCT is required to fully investigate the role of MTHFR genotype and its interactive effect with riboflavin in BP during pregnancy.

Role of renin-angiotensin system in blood pressure regulation in pregnancy

The Lancet ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 345 (8954) ◽  
pp. 896-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. August ◽  
F.B. Mueller ◽  
J.E. Sealey ◽  
T.G. Edersheim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
In Pregnancy

Role of hemodynamic factors in osmoregulatory alterations of rat pregnancy

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (4) ◽  
pp. R909-R916
Author(s):  
W. M. Barron ◽  
J. A. Durr ◽  
R. W. Schrier ◽  
M. D. Lindheimer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Effective Volume ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Deoxycorticosterone Acetate ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
In Pregnancy

Plasma osmolality (Posmol) decreases in pregnancy, possibly because of hemodynamically mediated arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, i.e., inadequate vascular filling and/or decreased blood pressure. This hypothesis was tested in Sprague-Dawley rats treated on gestational days 1-18 or 13-18 with 1) deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) + standard chow (0.5% Na), 2) vehicle + standard chow, or 3) high-Na (1.25%) diet. Renal sodium "escape" and suppression of the renin-aldosterone system suggested "effective volume expansion," yet Posmol was similar in all pregnant groups, 7-10 mosmol/kg below levels in virgin controls, and plasma AVP was unaltered. Apparent osmotic thresholds for AVP secretion, similar in control and DOCA-treated gravid animals, were 8-10 mosmol/kg below those of untreated virgin rats. Norepinephrine + DOCA, administered to gravid animals consuming normal or high-Na chow, increased blood pressure approximately 10% above control levels, but this also failed to alter Posmol. These data suggest that mechanisms other than hemodynamically mediated AVP secretion are responsible for the osmoregulatory alterations accompanying rodent pregnancy.

scholarly journals Physiological role of aldosterone in pregnancy, importance of correction in pathological conditions. What is known about pharmacological targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
V. A. Karabeshkina ◽  
V. V. Ishkaraeva ◽  
I. E. Zazerskaya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticosteroid hormone of the human adrenal cortex. It plays a key role in the regulation of kidney and cardiovascular function. Its role especially increases in the adaptation of the woman’s body during pregnancy, and consists in maintaining the balance of electrolytes, blood pressure, ensuring sufficient trophoblast invasion and adequate placental perfusion. This article describes the mechanism of synthesis and action of aldosterone, its biological role and place in the structure of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A special place is given to aldosterone in maintaining hemodynamics during physiological pregnancy, and to violations of the RAAS, as a key to understanding the links in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals The Role of Urinary Cadmium on Liver Function and Erythrocytes Cell Count in Pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adjar Wibowo ◽  
Firrar Artmi Rahaju ◽  
Iskandar ◽  
Eko Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Urinary Cadmium ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pre-emptive Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Relief in Children – Role of Paracetamol

2009 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Rubina Yasmin ◽  
AKM Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Paresh Chandra Sarker ◽  
Neaz Ahmed ◽  
Ranadhir Kumar Kundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

This prospective clinical study was carried out in the Dept. of Anaesthesia, Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka, during the period of May 2003 to July 2003. The study was done to emphasize the importance of giving analgesics preemptively instead of waiting for the child to complain of pain and to produce smooth recovery after surgery by decreasing immediate postoperative pain in children by a simple, safe acceptable drug. The children scheduled for tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia were recruited in this study. The analgesic efficiency of rectal paracetamol in two doses, 25 mg/kg bodywt.(Gr-P25) and 50 mg/kg. bodywt. (Gr-P50) were compared with Diclofenac Sodium suppository 1mg/ kg body weight (Gr-D) given half an hour before induction of anaesthesia. Pain scoring was done by TPPPS (Toddler Pre-schooler postoperative pain scale). Heart rate and blood pressure were stable in Gr-P50 and Gr-D. Time of first demand of analgesic was delayed in Gr-P50 and Gr-D. Total paracetamol consumption in 24 hours was less in Gr-P50(181±14.25) and Gr-D (212±25) than Gr-P25(318± 26.39). Total duration of analgesia in Gr- P50 (657±9.94) mins. and in Gr- D(502±10.63) mins. and in Gr-P25(288±23.17) mins. Pre-emptive high dose rectal paracetamol appears to be more effective than diclofenac sodium suppository for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Journal of BSA, Vol. 18, No. 1 & 2, 2005 p.9-16

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