scholarly journals Protective Factors of Homophobic Name-Calling and Sexual Violence Perpetration and Victimization Among LGB, Trans, and Heterosexual High School Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Valido ◽  
Matthew Rivas-Koehl ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Luz E. Robinson ◽  
Tomei Kuehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Violence Perpetration ◽  
Homophobic Name Calling

scholarly journals Sexual Violence Perpetration as a Risk Factor for Current Depression or Posttraumatic Symptoms in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Meadows ◽  
Ann L. Coker ◽  
Heather M. Bush ◽  
Emily R. Clear ◽  
Ginny Sprang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Public High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Violence Perpetration

Sexual violence perpetration (SVP), including coerced, physically forced, and alcohol- or drug-facilitated unwanted sex, occurs frequently in adolescence and may represent a risk factor for future perpetration. Sexual violence victimization (SVV) has been found to be a risk factor for increased rates of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the associations of SVP with depression or posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) have been less well described. This study examined associations between symptoms of depression and PTSS with SVP in the prior 12 months among high school students. In this cross-sectional analysis, a representative sample of public high school students (ninth–12th grades) completed self-reported surveys on peer SVP and SVV within the past year. Among 16,784 students completing surveys, 7.2% disclosed SVP against another high school student in the past 12 months; 64.4% of students disclosing SVP also experienced SVV. Both SVP and SVV, alone or in combination, were associated with a greater likelihood of symptoms of depression or PTSS. These associations were similar by sex and sexual minority status (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ+]). These findings highlight the need for continued primary prevention efforts. Additional screening to recognize adolescent SVP can allow both early treatment of depression and PTSD and address the individual risks of SVP to reduce subsequent repeated sexual assaults.

scholarly journals 3558 Do Recognition, Behavioral Intentions, and Attitudes of Adolescent Relationship Abuse (ARA) Serve as Protective Factors Against Future ARA and Cyber Dating Abuse (CDA)?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
Linden Wu ◽  
Elizabeth A. Schlenk ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Elizabeth Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Healthy Relationship

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To create prevention strategies targeting ARA and CDA, it is critical to educate and mold adolescent recognition, behavioral intentions, and attitudes regarding healthy dating relationships. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if high school students’ recognition of ARA, the students’ behavioral intentional to intervene during ARA episode of someone they know, and the students’ attitudes about the importance of healthy relationship serve as a protective factors against experiencing ARA. Aim 1: Do baseline (T1) recognition, behavioral intentions, and attitudes serve as protective factors against experiencing ARA in high school students at 3-month follow-up (T2)? Aim 2: Do baseline (T1) recognition, behavioral intentions, and attitudes serve as protective factors against CDA in high school students at 3-month follow- up (T2)? METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To examine the relationships between recognition, behavioral intentions, and attitudes of ARA and CDA, a secondary analysis using a descriptive correlational design was used to analyze electronic survey data from a large randomized controlled parent study. The parent study consisted of 1,011 high school students ages 14 to 19 years who sought health service through one of eight school-based health clinics in California. This secondary analysis consisted of 819 students, with 640 (78.1%) female, 178 (21.7%) males, and 1 (0.2%) transgender participant. There were 42 (5.1%) Caucasians, 141 (17.2%) Asians, 218 (26.7%) African Americans, 313 (38.2%) Hispanics, 42 (5.1%) American Indians/Alaskan Natives, and 63 (7.7%) students who responded multi-racial. To measure recognition of ARA, a 10-item, 5-point Likert scale was used with responses ranging from 1=“not abusive” to 5=“extremely abusive” (Cronbach’s a = 0.85). To assess behavioral intentions to intervene, a 5-item, 5-point Likert scale was used to ask participants how likely they would be to stop the ARA behavior if they witness a peer perpetrating ARA with responses ranging from 1=“very unlikely” to 5=“very likely” (Cronbach’s a = 0.89). A 6-item, 3-point Likert healthy relationship tool measured participants’ attitudes regarding healthy relationship with responses ranging from 1=“not important” to 3=“very important”. Both ARA and CDA were assessed using a “yes/no” response choice for the lastthree months. To account for the hierarchical nature of the data analysis, a binary logistic regression was used in SPSS 24. To take into account the clustering coefficients of the eight different school clinics and as well as the parent study’s intervention and control groups, these clusters were examined as co-variates. Sex, race, and age were included as covariates, also. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The relationship status of high school students consisted of 262 (32.0%) who were single, 97 (11.8%) who were going out, dating, or hooking up with more than one person, 423 (51.7%) who were seriously dating one person, and 37 (4.5%) who were not sure. At 3-month follow-up assessment, 111 (13.6%) of high school students experienced ARA, and 476 (58.1%) experienced CDA. The mean recognition of ARA score was 3.90 + 0.67, mean behavioral intentions score was 4.00 + 0.83, and mean attitudes score was 2.54 + 0.37. When examining the full ARA model including all three predicators controlling for the demographics and group assignment, none of the predictor variables were significant (p>0.05) in predicting ARA in high school students. Also, all three predictors were not significant in predicting ARA in the main effects model. When examining the full CDA model, with no interaction, all three predictors were significant. Recognition had 0.784 decrease odds (95% CI = 0633-0.971, p = 0.026) of predicting CDA. However the odds of CDA increase non-linearly up to the mean (2.537709) for the attitudes variable after which the odds then decreases non-linearly. The odds of CDA is increasing non-linearly up to 3.073913 for the behavioral intention variable after which the odds then decrease non-linearly. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Adolescence is typically a time of exploration, transition, and social development. Researchers should investigate the efficacy of ARA and CDA prevention programs that focus on recognition, behavioral intentions, and attitudes to educate adolescents on healthy relationships. Results showed that behavioral intention to intervene and attitudes about healthy relationship can serve as protective factors against CDA. From our data, more students experienced CDA compared to ARA. Thus, it may by useful to recognize the use of technology as a social force within the adolescent culture in defining adolescents’ experiences of healthy relationships and potential experience of CDA.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Problem Alcohol Use in High School as a Function of Recent Sexual Violence Victimization or Perpetration

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christal L. Badour ◽  
Samuel C. Bell ◽  
Emily R. Clear ◽  
Heather M. Bush ◽  
Ann L. Coker
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Alcohol Use ◽  
Problem Alcohol

AbstractTo investigate sex differences in associations between sexual violence victimization (SVV), sexual violence perpetration (SVP), and binge drinking and/or alcohol problems among high school students. While SVV has been linked to problem alcohol use among young women, little research has addressed the unique associations of SVV and SVP on alcohol use/problems within both sexes. A cross-sectional analysis of 16,992 high school students’ self-reports of past-year SVP and SVV was used where SVV/SVP was defined by three tactics (sexual coercion, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated sex, and physically forced sex). Alcohol measures included past-month binge drinking and past-year alcohol problems. Rates of SVV were twice as high in females (21.2% vs. 13.3%), and SVP rates were twice as high in males (10.9% vs. 5.2%). SVV and SVP were each associated with an increased rate of current binge drinking and problem alcohol use for both sexes, across increasing numbers of SV tactics and within each of three tactics. After controlling for demographic and other risk factors including SVP, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated SVV was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among females. SVP was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among males (adjusting for SVV and other covariates). No sex differences emerged in associations between coerced or physically forced SVV/SVP and alcohol-related outcomes. Both SVV and SVP are associated with an increased likelihood of binge drinking and alcohol problems for males and females. Important sex differences emerged when SV tactics are considered.

Identifying Combinations of Risk and Protective Factors Predicting Physical Activity Change in High School Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Fridlund Dunton ◽  
Audie A. Atienza ◽  
James Tscherne ◽  
Daniel Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Physical Activity Change ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
One Year ◽  
11Th Grade

Research sought to identify combinations of risk and protective factors predicting change in physical activity (PA) over one year in high school students. Adolescents (N = 344; M = 15.7 years) participated in a longitudinal study with assessment of demographics, substance use/smoking exposure, height and weight, psychological factors, and PA in 10th and 11th grade. PA participation in 11th grade was greatest for adolescents who engaged in PA and had high sports competence (78%), and least for adolescents who did not engage in or enjoy PA (13%) in 10th grade. Identifying adolescent subgroups at risk for decreasing PA can inform the development of tailored interventions.

scholarly journals Suboptimal Health Status of High School Students in Guangzhou, Shanxi, and Tibet, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gehendra Mahara ◽  
Jiazhi Liang ◽  
Zhirong Zhang ◽  
Qi Ge ◽  
Jinxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
School Students ◽  
Suboptimal Health Status ◽  
Suboptimal Health

Suboptimal health status (SHS) is a state between health and disease, has several associated factors, although, its underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the status of SHS and its associated factors of high school students in three areas of China (Shanxi, Guangzhou, and Tibet). A multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescent (MSQA) is used to evaluate SHS. Among 1461 respondents, females proportion 56.47% was higher than males 43.53% where SHS was higher in Shanxi followed by Tibet and then Guangzhou. The rural area, grade, lack of sleep, home visit in a week, lack of exercise, a heavy burden of study, smoking, drinking, and fewer friends were the risk factors of SHS, while, families living status, seeking help and extroversion were the protective factors. SHS is significantly associated with different influencing factors. For comprehensive prevention and control measures, reduce the risk factors and enhance the protective factors.

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