High birth weight and its interaction with physical activity influence the risk of obesity in early school-aged children

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Jia-Ru Deng ◽  
Wei-Qing Tan ◽  
Shu-Yi Yang ◽  
Li-Ping Ao ◽  
Jian-Ping Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Early School

scholarly journals BIRTH WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT IN ADOLESCENTS: THE ERICA PROJECT IN THE CITY OF RECIFE, PERNAMBUCO

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilla Brianni de Araújo Gomes ◽  
Vanessa Sá Leal ◽  
Juliana Souza Oliveira ◽  
Crislaine Gonçalves da Silva Pereira ◽  
Fabiana Cristina Lima da Silva Pastich Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Maternal Overweight

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association of anthropometric parameters at birth, socioeconomic and biological variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 39 public and private schools in Recife (state of Pernambuco, Brazil). The sample consisted of 1,081 teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. Data were collected from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Body mass index according to age (BMI-for-age), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were considered as outcome variables, whereas the explanatory variables were birth weight, Röhrer’s Ponderal Index (RPI), biological and socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for the studied association were estimated by Poisson Regression. Results: The multivariate Poisson regression showed that the variable that remained significantly associated with overweight in adolescence was maternal overweight, PR=1.86 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.09-3.17). High birth weight also remained significantly associated with abdominal obesity assessed by WC, PR=3.25 (95%CI 1.0-9.74). Conclusions: High birth weight may be a marker for abdominal obesity in adolescence; and high maternal BMI, for overweight.

scholarly journals High birth weight modifies association between adolescent physical activity and cardiometabolic health in women and not men

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Jeanne ◽  
Elizabeth R. Hooker ◽  
Thuan Nguyen ◽  
Lynne C. Messer ◽  
Rebecca M. Sacks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity

scholarly journals Long-term effect of one-time nutritional education in school on nutritional knowledge of early school-aged children

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Magdalena Górnicka ◽  
Kacper Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Early School ◽  
Study Results

Background. In the group of school-aged children nutritional education (NE) enables an early development of healthy eating habits, which can be transferred to the adult life. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term effect of a one-time nutritional education, including also culinary workshops, on the level of nutritional knowledge (NK) of early school-aged children as well as to analyse the nutritional content of the children’s books. Material and methods. The study was conducted among second- and third-grade pupils from a primary school in Warsaw (n=76). The level of NK was determined using the same, self-administrated questionnaire at each of the three stages of the study. Results. The level of NK was assumed as very good in 47% of respondents before the education, in 91% immediately after the education, and in 74% six months after it. Out of all 23.0 points (max.) on average 18.1 points were obtained at the first stage, 21.1 points at the second stage and 19.7 points at the third stage (p<0.001). Immediately after the NE and six months after it the level of NK increased significantly (comparing to the first stage) especially on these topics: the daily water requirements and the recommendations on physical activity (p<0.001 for both questions). Conclusions. The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of a one-time nutritional education on the level of nutritional knowledge. Moreover, results show that in the research group nutritional knowledge about importance of physical activity, adequate nutrition, eating varicoloured vegetables and fruits, screen time limits and distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy products was satisfactory, even at the baseline, but in the main source of fats in a diet, the role of milk products, the effect of having too little water in a diet and the sugar content in food children’s knowledge was not enough.

scholarly journals Birth weight is associated with dietary factors at the age of 6–8 years: the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Aino-Maija Eloranta ◽  
Jarmo Jääskeläinen ◽  
Taisa Venäläinen ◽  
Henna Jalkanen ◽  
Sanna Kiiskinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Sucrose Intake ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveLow and high birth weight have been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and CVD. Diet could partly mediate this association, e.g. by intra-uterine programming of unhealthy food preferences. We examined the association of birth weight with diet in Finnish children.DesignBirth weight standard deviation score (SDS) was calculated using national birth register data and Finnish references. Dietary factors were assessed using 4 d food records. Diet quality was defined by the Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI).SettingThe Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study.SubjectsSingleton, full-term children (179 girls, 188 boys) aged 6–8 years.ResultsBirth weight was inversely associated (standardized regression coefficient β; 95 % CI) with FCHEI (−0·15; −0·28, −0·03) in all children and in boys (−0·27; −0·45, −0·09) but not in girls (−0·01; −0·21, 0·18) after adjusting for potential confounders (P=0·044 for interaction). Moreover, higher birth weight was associated with lower fruit and berries consumption (−0·13; −0·25, 0·00), higher energy intake (0·17; 0·05, 0·29), higher sucrose intake (0·19; 0·06, 0·32) and lower fibre intake (−0·14; −0·26, −0·01). These associations were statistically non-significant after correction for multiple testing. Children with birth weight >1 SDS had higher sucrose intake (mean; 95 % CI) as a percentage of energy intake (14·3 E%; 12·6, 16·0 E%) than children with birth weight of −1 to 1 SDS (12·8 E%; 11·6, 14·0 E%) or <−1 SDS (12·4 E%; 10·8, 13·9 E%; P=0·036).ConclusionsHigher birth weight may be associated with unhealthy diet in childhood.

scholarly journals Relationship between physical activity and physical performance in later life in different birth weight groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
H. Jantunen ◽  
N. S. Wasenius ◽  
M. K. Salonen ◽  
M.-M. Perälä ◽  
H. Kautiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Size At Birth

There is strong evidence that physical activity (PA) has an influence on physical performance in later life. Also, a small body size at birth has been associated with lower physical functioning in older age and both small and high birth weight have shown to be associated with lower leisure time physical activity. However, it is unknown whether size at birth modulates the association between PA and physical performance in old age. We examined 695 individuals from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study born in Helsinki, Finland between 1934 and 1944. At a mean age of 70.7 years PA was objectively assessed with a multisensory activity monitor and physical performance with the Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Information on birth weight and gestational age was retrieved from hospital birth records. The study participants were divided in three birth weight groups, that is <3000 g, 3000–3499 g and ⩾3500 g. The volume of PA was significantly associated with the physical performance in all birth weight groups. However, the effect size of the association was large and significant only in men with a birth weight <3000 g (β 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.37–0.81, P<0.001). Our study shows that the association between PA and physical performance is largest in men with low birth weight. Our results suggest that men with low birth weight might benefit most from engaging in PA in order to maintain a better physical performance.

scholarly journals Birth weight, cardiometabolic risk factors and effect modification of physical activity in children and adolescents: pooled data from 12 international studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2052-2063
Author(s):  
Guro Pauck Bernhardsen ◽  
◽  
Trine Stensrud ◽  
Bjørge Herman Hansen ◽  
Jostein Steene-Johannesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
High Birth Weight

Abstract Objectives Low and high birth weight is associated with higher levels of cardiometabolic risk factors and adiposity in children and adolescents, and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and early mortality later in life. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factors and may mitigate the detrimental consequences of high or low birth weight. Thus, we examined whether MVPA modified the associations between birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Methods We used pooled individual data from 12 cohort- or cross-sectional studies including 9,100 children and adolescents. Birth weight was measured at birth or maternally reported retrospectively. Device-measured physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured in childhood or adolescence. We tested for associations between birth weight, MVPA, and cardiometabolic risk factors using multilevel linear regression, including study as a random factor. We tested for interaction between birth weight and MVPA by introducing the interaction term in the models (birth weight x MVPA). Results Most of the associations between birth weight (kg) and cardiometabolic risk factors were not modified by MVPA (min/day), except between birth weight and waist circumference (cm) in children (p = 0.005) and HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) in adolescents (p = 0.040). Sensitivity analyses suggested that some of the associations were modified by VPA, i.e., the associations between birth weight and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) in children (p = 0.009) and LDL- cholesterol (mmol/l) (p = 0.009) and triglycerides (mmol/l) in adolescents (p = 0.028). Conclusion MVPA appears not to consistently modify the associations between low birth weight and cardiometabolic risk. In contrast, MVPA may mitigate the association between higher birth weight and higher waist circumference in children. MVPA is consistently associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk across the birth weight spectrum. Optimal prenatal growth and subsequent PA are both important in relation to cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents.

Abstract P303: High Birth Weight Modifies Estimated Effects of Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Health in Females

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L Jeanne ◽  
Rebecca Sacks ◽  
Thuan Nguyen ◽  
Lynne Messer ◽  
Janne Boone-Heinonen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity

Background: Birth weight and physical activity are independently associated with cardiometabolic health outcomes. Low or high birth weight are indicators of adverse prenatal development, which may alter physiological response to physical activity later in life. However, few studies have explored the potential interaction between birth weight and physical activity as determinants of cardiometabolic health. Objective: We evaluated the hypothesis that high or low birth weight modifies the association of early life physical activity with cardiovascular disease or diabetes later in life. Methods: We analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative cohort of US adolescents followed into adulthood ( n =20,745) with four data collection waves between 1994 and 2008. Outcomes were assessed in early adulthood: (1) predicted 30-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, computed by a validated algorithm based on objective measures, and (2) prevalent pre-diabetes and diabetes. Using gender-stratified multivariable regression on multiply imputed data, we modeled (1) log-transformed 30-year CVD risk (linear regression) and (2) prevalent pre-diabetes and diabetes (PDM/DM; ordinal regression) each as a function of birth weight (low, normal, high; LBW, NBW, HBW) and self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity frequency (MVPA) in adolescence and young adulthood, adjusting for age, smoking, and sociodemographic factors. Results: A greater proportion of women born at LBW had diabetes than NBW and HBW women (10.8% versus 5.9% and 5.4%, respectively). In adjusted analyses, MVPA in adolescence (MVPA1) and early adulthood (MVPA3) were not significantly associated with predicted CVD risk and prevalent pre-diabetes diabetes in men or women overall. However, greater MVPA1 was associated with lower predicted 30-year CVD risk in HBW females (estimated effect coefficient -0.02 [95% CI: -0.03, -0.005, p =0.02], p =0.05 for HBWхMVPA1 interaction), and the HBWхMVPA1 interaction on PDM/DM approached significance in females ( p =0.12). In females and males of LBW or NBW, MVPA1 was not significantly associated with predicted 30-year CVD risk or PDM/DM and LBWхMVPA1 interactions were not significant. Conclusions: Greater adolescent physical activity was most strongly associated with lower 30-year CVD risk in young women born at HBW. A similar association with prevalent DM/PDM approached significance, with greater adolescent physical activity most strongly associated in HBW women. Females born at HBW may be especially sensitive to the effects of physical activity on reducing risk of cardiometabolic disease later in life, with important implications for disease prevention and health policy.

scholarly journals Preventing Long-Term Risk of Obesity for Two Generations: Prenatal Physical Activity Is Part of the Puzzle

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie-May Ruchat ◽  
Michelle F. Mottola
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Infant Birth

Background. The period surrounding pregnancy has been identified as a risk period for overweight/obesity in both mother and child because of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). The promotion of a healthy GWG is therefore of paramount importance in the context of the prevention of obesity in the current and next generations.Objective. To provide a comprehensive overview of the effect of prenatal physical activity interventions, alone or in combination with nutritional counselling, on GWG and to address whether preventing excessive GWG decreases the incidence of infant high birth weight and/or postpartum weight retention.Method. A search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify all relevant studies. Nineteen studies were included in this review: 13 interventions combining physical activity, nutrition, and GWG counselling and 6 interventions including physical activity alone.Results. Prenatal lifestyle interventions promoting healthy eating and physical activity habits appear to be the most effective approach to prevent excessive GWG. Achievement of appropriate GWG may also decrease the incidence of high infant birth weight and postpartum weight retention.Conclusion. Healthy eating habits during pregnancy, combined with an active lifestyle, may be important elements in the prevention of long-term risk of obesity for two generations.

Predicting physical activity behaviors in school-aged children

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Prapavessis ◽  
L. S. Foley ◽  
S. M. Burke ◽  
E. McGowan ◽  
R. Maddison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
School Aged Children
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