Response of Mollusk Assemblages to Environmental Conditions: A Case Study from the Burullus Lagoon, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orabi H. Orabi ◽  
Abd El-Monsef A. El-Badry ◽  
Ikhlas Alhejoj
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Mollusk Assemblages

Evaluating the Coupledness of the Aerodynamics and Hydrodynamics on the Estimation of Fatigue Damage Equivalent Load for a Floating Offshore Wind Platform

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kanner ◽  
Bingbin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Equivalent Load ◽  
The Waves

In this research, the estimation of the fatigue life of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind platform is considered. In order to accurately estimate the fatigue life of a platform, coupled aerodynamic-hydrodynamic simulations are performed to obtain dynamic stress values. The simulations are performed at a multitude of representative environmental states, or “bins,” which can mimic the conditions the structure may endure at a given site, per ABS Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Installation guidelines. To accurately represent the variety of wind and wave conditions, the number of environmental states can be of the order of 103. Unlike other offshore structures, both the wind and wave conditions must be accounted for, which are generally considered independent parameters, drastically increasing the number of states. The stress timeseries from these simulations can be used to estimate the damage at a particular location on the structure by using commonly accepted methods, such as the rainflow counting algorithm. The damage due to either the winds or the waves can be estimated by using a frequency decomposition of the stress timeseries. In this paper, a similar decoupled approach is used to attempt to recover the damages induced from these coupled simulations. Although it is well-known that a coupled, aero-hydro analysis is necessary in order to accurately simulate the nonlinear rigid-body motions of the platform, it is less clear if the same statement could be made about the fatigue properties of the platform. In one approach, the fatigue damage equivalent load is calculated independently from both scatter diagrams of the waves and a rose diagram of the wind. De-coupled simulations are performed to estimate the response at an all-encompassing range of environmental conditions. A database of responses based on these environmental conditions is constructed. The likelihood of occurrence at a case-study site is used to compare the damage equivalent from the coupled simulations. The OC5 platform in the Borssele wind farm zone is used as a case-study and the damage equivalent load from the de-coupled methods are compared to those from the coupled analysis in order to assess these methodologies.

scholarly journals Socio-Environmental Condition Of Women At Prison: A Case Study Of Karachi Central Jail

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Dur-e-Shehwar Baloch ◽  
Parveen Shah ◽  
Misbah B Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Women Prisoners ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Condition Of Women

This paper proposed to discuss the socio-environmental conditions of women at prison in Karachi.1 Prison is kind of punishment in which people are physically restricted of a range of personal freedom. Besides this, in jail manual, women have been protected by different rules and regulations. This paper is an explanatory study based on quantitative and qualitative research methodology. The questionnaire method was used for the purpose of data collection. The study shows that the situation on ground and the conditions of women prisoners is not good. In Pakistan rules and laws are available however, they are not implemented. This paper also suggests measures and recommendations in order to overcome the unhealthy and unhygienic condition faced by women prisoners at Karachi Central Jail.

scholarly journals Seeking Common Ground in Dryland Systems: Steps Towards Adaptive Water Governance

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lopez Porras ◽  
Lindsay C. Stringer ◽  
Claire H. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Cultural Roots ◽  
Engagement Process

Drylands are exposed to climate stressors, such as water scarcity, as well as societal stressors, including conflicts, which can make water governance unsuitable for the system’s context. The emergence of adaptive water governance often takes places in these challenging contexts, but the process of achieving this style of governance requires a better consideration of system complexities. Using the Rio del Carmen watershed in Mexico as a case study, with primary data obtained through a questionnaire survey carried out with 217 farmers, this paper aims to identify the main complexities and needs to enable the emergence of adaptive water governance. We found that different groups of farmers converge in identifying system stressors and the main needs regarding water governance; yet, the ways these stressors are perceived differ between groups. The results indicate that contrasting perceptions are shaped by the different cultural roots and environmental conditions in the upper and lower parts of the watershed. This variation increases the difficulty in achieving collaboration and compromise when conflicts ensue. Reducing inequalities in the awareness of system stressors has the potential to enable adaptive water governance. This could be achieved through a peacebuilding technique with an appropriate cultural approach for the watershed’s context in the early stages of a stakeholder engagement process.

Accounting for Difficulties faced in Materializing a Transnational ENGO Conservation Network: A Case-Study from the Mediterranean

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iosif Botetzagias ◽  
Prue Robinson ◽  
Lily Venizelos
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Turtle Conservation ◽  
Sea Turtle Conservation ◽  
Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Conservation Network

This paper investigates a rarely visited theme in academic research, namely the reasons hindering successful trans-national networking of environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs). We visit this theme by analyzing the MEDSETCON initiative, an attempt in the late 1990s-early 2000s to create a Mediterranean Sea Turtle Conservation network, which ultimately bore no fruit. Prior research had emphasized the role played by individual and organizational characteristics as well as the issue's urgency, relevance and importance. In the case of MEDSETCON, all of these “environmental” conditions were met, yet the network did not materialize. We argue that this was because, albeit necessary, the conditions identified by other research are not in themselves sufficient. Thus we inform prior research by pointing out that networking is, ceteris paribus, also the outcome of successful resource exchanges between prospective members. Accordingly, we argue that individual ENGOs pursue networking to the extent that they feel that this will enhance some of their sources of leverage (the intellectual, political, fiscal and membership assets they need for operating and promoting their agenda), thus in effect exchanging stocks of one kind of leverage for another.

Optimization Design of a Framework for an Infrared Seeker

2013 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Hong Guang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Infrared Seeker ◽  
Fem Method ◽  
Application Requirements

Seeker, whose performance severely affects the accuracy of guidance, plays an important role in guidance, just like the eyes of missiles. To design a seeker meeting the application requirements, multiple environmental conditions have to be taken in to consideration, such as the environments of production process, experiments, transportation and launching. This paper introduces a FEM method based optimization design strategy and a case study of mechanical framework optimization design for an infrared seeker as demonstration. The result of the design example seems positive and offers a proof of the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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