Water table rise in arid urban area soils due to evaporation impedance and its mitigation by intelligently designed capillary chimney siphons

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anvar Kacimov ◽  
Ali Al-Maktoumi ◽  
Said Al-Ismaily ◽  
Ahmed Al-Mayahi ◽  
Afrah Al-Shukaili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Water Table Rise

Geoarchaeological and Paleohydrological Evidence for a Clovis-Age Drought in North America and Its Bearing on Extinction

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-Part1) ◽  
pp. 438-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vance Haynes
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Human Predation ◽  
Water Table Rise ◽  
Algal Mat ◽  
Game Animals

AbstractAt the Murray Springs Clovis site in southeastern Arizona, stratigraphic and geomorphic evidence indicates that an abnormally low water table 10,900 yr B.P. was followed soon thereafter by a water-table rise accompanied by the deposition of an algal mat (the “black mat”) that buried mammoth tracks, Clovis artifacts, and a well. This water-table fluctuation correlates with pluvial lake fluctuations in the Great Basin during and immediately following Clovis occupation of that region. Many elements of Pleistocene megafauna in North America became extinct during the dry period. Oxygen isotope records show a marked decrease in δ18O correlated with the Younger Dryas cold-dry event of northern Europe which ended 10,750 yr B.P., essentially the same time as the water table began to rise in southeastern Arizona. Clovis hunters may have found large game animals easier prey when concentrated at water holes and under stress. If so, both climate and human predation contributed to Pleistocene extinction in America.

Effect of temporary rise of saline water table on dry matter yield of oats (Avena byzantina)

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (71) ◽  
pp. 811 ◽  
Author(s):  
FG Abd-El-Kaddous
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Temporary Rise ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Water Table Rise ◽  
Yield Of Oats

In 1968 and 1969, at Kerang, Victoria, the dry matter yield of oats (Avena byzantina) grown on a sodic soil were measured under conditions of fluctuating saline (31 mmhos cm-1) water tables. In each year, a water table was established for 14 days at one of three growth stages and at depths varying from 7.5 to 90 cm. Relative to the yield obtained when the water table remained at 90 cm depth, dry matter yields were reduced by 70 per cent (1968) and 79 per cent (1969) by one temporary water table rise to a depth of 7.5 cm for 14 days. Intermediate reductions in yields occurred when the water tables rose temporarily to intermediate depths from 82.5 cm to 15 cm (7.5 cm intervals). The growth stage at which the water table rise occurred had no significant effect on yield, except in the second period in 1969 when yield was reduced during conditions of high temperature and low evaporation.

Identifying resilient Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus) peatland hummock hibernacula

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1024-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Smolarz ◽  
P.A. Moore ◽  
C.E. Markle ◽  
J.M. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Subsurface Temperature ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Deep Freezing ◽  
Sistrurus Catenatus ◽  
Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Water Table Rise

At the northern limit of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake’s (Sistrurus catenatus (Rafinesque, 1818)) range, individuals spend up to half the year overwintering. In hummock hibernacula found in peatlands, it is likely that subsurface temperature and water table position are contributing factors dictating habitat suitability. As a step towards assessing the vulnerability of hibernacula to anthropogenic changes, we combined subsurface temperature and water table dynamics to assess the likelihood that unflooded and unfrozen conditions were present in hummock hibernacula. Our results indicate that taller hummocks are more resilient to an advancing frost line and fluctuating water table by providing a larger area and duration of unfrozen and unflooded conditions, and a critical overwintering depth that is farther from the hummock surface. In two study sites along eastern Georgian Bay, an unflooded and unfrozen zone was present for over 90% of the overwintering period for hummocks taller than 25–27 cm. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of peatland hummocks to variability of winter weather where deep freezing and (or) water table rise may nonlinearly reduce resilience. This suggests that height is not the only component affecting the suitability of hummock hibernacula and that further research should examine the structure and spatial arrangement of hummocks within a peatland.

Water-table rise due to infiltration from canals

1984 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Akram Gill
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Water Table Rise

Using the shelterwood method to mitigate water table rise after forest harvesting

2003 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pothier ◽  
Marcel Prévost ◽  
Isabelle Auger
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Water Table Rise

scholarly journals Canal blocking optimization in restoration of drained peatlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 4769-4784
Author(s):  
Iñaki Urzainki ◽  
Ari Laurén ◽  
Marjo Palviainen ◽  
Kersti Haahti ◽  
Arif Budiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
Canal Network ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Water Table Rise ◽  
Exact Positions

Abstract. Drained peatlands are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions globally. Emission reduction and, more generally, ecosystem restoration can be enhanced by raising the water table using canal or drain blocks. When restoring large areas, the number of blocks becomes limited by the available resources, which raises the following question: in which exact positions should a given number of blocks be placed in order to maximize the water table rise throughout the area? There is neither a simple nor an analytic answer. The water table response is a complex phenomenon that depends on several factors, such as the topology of the canal network, site topography, peat hydraulic properties, vegetation characteristics and meteorological conditions. We developed a new method to position the canal blocks based on the combination of a hydrological model and heuristic optimization algorithms. We simulated 3 d dry downs from a water saturated initial state for different block positions using the Boussinesq equation, and the block configurations maximizing water table rise were searched for by means of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing. We applied this approach to a large drained peatland area (931 km2) in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our solution consistently outperformed traditional block locating methods, indicating that drained peatland restoration can be made more effective at the same cost by selecting the positions of the blocks using the presented scheme.

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