scholarly journals Karst groundwater vulnerability assessment: application of an integrative index-based approach to main catchments of middle Valseriana springs (Northern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Citrini ◽  
Corrado A. S. Camera ◽  
Francesca Alborghetti ◽  
Giovanni Pietro Beretta
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Water Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment

AbstractThe study aim was to assess the intrinsic vulnerability of the middle Valseriana (northern Italy) through a methodology that could fully consider the peculiar characteristics of the Pre-Alps region. After applying classical methods for karst environments (COP and EPIK), the integrative COPA+K method was developed for the Nossana (dominant drainage system) and Ponte del Costone (dispersive circulation system) spring catchments. The COPA+K approach exploits the potential of the COP method with the addition of two factors: the influence of the main discontinuities on the water system according to their distance from the spring (A factor), and the development of the karst network (K factor). The COP and COPA+K maps were validated based on the characteristic correlation, for the study area, between the values of δ18O and the elevation of recharge areas. Compared to COP, the COPA+K results appeared more stringent in the identification of areas characterized by high vulnerability, which passed from 35.6% to 23.6% of the entire study area. COPA+K also made possible to better differentiate the behavior of the two catchments. In terms of high susceptible areas, their percentage difference increased by 12.3%, correctly emphasizing the greater susceptibility of the Nossana drainage system in comparison with the Ponte del Costone dispersive one. For the COPA+K map, in the Nossana catchment, the δ18O values indicated a good agreement between the mean elevation of high vulnerable and water recharge areas (± 106 m). For Ponte del Costone, the isotopic data indicated a possible mixing with the waters of the Serio River.

Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment Through a Modified DRASTI-LU Framework: Case Study of Saiss Basin in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim Lahjouj ◽  
Abdellah El Hmaidi ◽  
Ali Essahlaoui ◽  
M. J. B. Alam ◽  
Mohammed S. A. Siddiquee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment

scholarly journals Groundwater vulnerability assessment: from overlay methods to statistical methods in the Lombardy Plain area

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Stevenazzi ◽  
Marco Masetti ◽  
Giovanni Pietro Beretta
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Vulnerability Maps

Groundwater is among the most important freshwater resources. Worldwide, aquifers are experiencing an increasing threat of pollution from urbanization, industrial development, agricultural activities and mining enterprise. Thus, practical actions, strategies and solutions to protect groundwater from these anthropogenic sources are widely required. The most efficient tool, which helps supporting land use planning, while protecting groundwater from contamination, is represented by groundwater vulnerability assessment. Over the years, several methods assessing groundwater vulnerability have been developed: overlay and index methods, statistical and process-based methods. All methods are means to synthesize complex hydrogeological information into a unique document, which is a groundwater vulnerability map, useable by planners, decision and policy makers, geoscientists and the public. Although it is not possible to identify an approach which could be the best one for all situations, the final product should always be scientific defensible, meaningful and reliable. Nevertheless, various methods may produce very different results at any given site. Thus, reasons for similarities and differences need to be deeply investigated. This study demonstrates the reliability and flexibility of a spatial statistical method to assess groundwater vulnerability to contamination at a regional scale. The Lombardy Plain case study is particularly interesting for its long history of groundwater monitoring (quality and quantity), availability of hydrogeological data, and combined presence of various anthropogenic sources of contamination. Recent updates of the regional water protection plan have raised the necessity of realizing more flexible, reliable and accurate groundwater vulnerability maps. A comparison of groundwater vulnerability maps obtained through different approaches and developed in a time span of several years has demonstrated the relevance of the continuous scientific progress, recognizing strengths and weaknesses of each research.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Residual Disinfectant Levels in Public Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Relation to an Acanthamoeba Keratitis Outbreak - Illinois, 2002-2009

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Holsinger ◽  
Anna Blackstock ◽  
Sharon L. Roy ◽  
Susan Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Corneal Injury

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a painful, potentially blinding eye disease associated with contact lens use and corneal injury. AK, caused by the free-living amoeba Acanthamoeba, is ubiquitous in the environment and has been isolated from municipal water supplies. It can be tolerant of normal chlorine levels in drinking water. An AK outbreak investigated in 2003-2005 in five Illinois counties showed a lower AK age-standardized rate ratio in Cook County than in surrounding counties and was hypothesized to be due in part to reductions in residual disinfectant levels (RDLs) in drinking water. We evaluated RDLs in public water systems in the same five Illinois counties over eight years (2002-2009) using a multivariable model of water system RDL measurements. Fitted RDLs for each county were in the acceptable range by United States Environmental Protection Agency standards for the entire study period. After correcting for multiple testing, two of the surrounding counties had fitted RDLs that differed from Cook County for one year. This pattern differed from the epidemiologic pattern of cases observed in the AK outbreak. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that the development of AK was associated with changes in RDLs in the five Illinois counties.

scholarly journals GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF SYLHET SADAR USING GIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ashikur Rahman ◽  
Md. Jahir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment

Groundwater has been treated as a vital water supply because of its comparatively low vulnerability to pollution compared to surface water. Due to the health and economic impacts of groundwater contamination, steps to measure groundwater vulnerability are necessary for sustainable groundwater protection and management planning. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess groundwater vulnerability using the overlay index method and to prepare a groundwater vulnerability map using Geographic Information System (GIS) of Sylhet Sadar, a northeastern region of Bangladesh. Also, for the water depth-wise vulnerability assessment, the Water index was generated to observe the effect on chemical concentration for the depth of water. By assigning weight to each pollutant map in the overlay index approach, a combined hazard map was successfully created. The combined hazard map shows a total of 16.04%, 41.36%, and 42.59% of the studied area located in a less, moderate, and severely vulnerable zone, respectively. The combined effect of the chemical concentrations of water gradually decreases with the increase in water depth. Therefore, the developed map can be used as a tool for the management to take initiatives for sustainable use of groundwater.

scholarly journals Groundwater vulnerability assessment and mapping in shallow groundwater

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
K Aribowo ◽  
W Wilopo ◽  
D H Barianto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Research Area ◽  
A Value ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Vulnerability Map ◽  
Very High

Abstract The increasing population density can contaminate groundwater. So far, groundwater is still the primary source to fulfill clean water and drinking water in Muntilan, Salam, and Ngluwar Sub-District. Studies on groundwater vulnerability are essential to minimize the contamination risks as a piece of basic information for land use planning. This research aims to assess groundwater vulnerability in Muntilan, Salam, and Ngluwar Sub-District. The simple vertical vulnerability (SVV) method with GIS was selected to develop a groundwater vulnerability map. The parameters of this method consist of the type of soil/rock, the thickness of the water-unsaturated zone, and the recharge value. The results show that the research area can be divided into three vulnerability classes: very low, moderate, and high groundwater vulnerability. Very low groundwater vulnerability has a value of more than 70 with very high protection effectiveness. The class is distributed in Muntilan and Salam Sub-Districts. Moderate groundwater vulnerability has a value less than 35 to 65 with moderate protection effectiveness, and high groundwater vulnerability has a value ranging from 24 to 35 with low protection effectiveness. Both of the class is evenly distributed in Muntilan, Ngluwar and Salam Sub-Districts.

scholarly journals GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT USING DRASTIC MODEL OF UP AL-KHASSA DAM SUB-BASIN, KIRKUK, NE IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2E) ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Madyan Al-Gburi
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Drastic Model ◽  
Drastic Method ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Vulnerability Map ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Program Version

Several studies and assessments have been conducted of areas exposed to pollution, especially areas that contain aquifer. The final extraction of the vulnerability map of the groundwater was constructed through the use of the DRASTIC method by applying the linear equation of the seven coefficients in the Arc GIS software program (Version 10.4). The aim of the study to assess aquifer vulnerability to pollution. Results, vulnerability map range between 75-126 (very low, low, and medium), the study area consists of very low and low vulnerability, except some areas medium vulnerability close to the center of the sub-basin in the standard vulnerability map (s) and 91-149 (very low, low, and medium) for the agriculture or pesticide vulnerability map (p), the medium vulnerability occupies a greater area the center of the sub-basin.

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