vulnerability map
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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-23
Author(s):  
Abdelatif RAJJI ◽  
Amina Wafik ◽  
Abdessamad Najine ◽  
Amroumoussa Benmoussa

The application of specialized natural hazard mapping is an absolute necessity for the management and prevention of natural hazard events. This paper treats the description of all the procedures carried out in order to produce a map of vulnerability and susceptibility to cave-ins, calculated and evaluated by the multicriteria method (AHP) and by using the GIS tool in the old Medina of Beni Mellal, which is recognized from time to time by cave-ins. The objective of this study is to develop a new method for analyzing the vulnerability of cavities to collapse, which presents a real risk in the urban area of the old cities. The methodology, applied to the old city of Beni-Mellal, consists in identifying and quantifying the stakes linked to the collapse of a cavity using a geographic information system. The weight of each parameter and factor exposed in the vulnerability was estimated using the hierarchical multicriteria method (AHP). The result is presented in the form of a spatialized and synthetic vulnerability map. The detection, mapping and assessment of areas vulnerable to the collapse of these cavities, particularly for large areas of the city, offers the possibility of reducing damage by intervening upstream and introducing preventive and corrective measures against any risk of collapse in the areas deemed vulnerable by our study. The maps show three zones with different degrees of vulnerability. The low and medium vulnerability zones occupy respectively 30 and 20% of the total area of the old city, while the high and very high vulnerability zones occupy respectively 16% and 4%.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 432-452
Author(s):  
RR. Dina Asrifah ◽  
Ika Wahyuning Widiarti ◽  
Praditya Anggi Widhiananto ◽  
Lailiyatun Ni’ma ◽  
Dzulfiqar Izzatur Rahman ◽  
...  

The Piyungan landfill is located in Bantul Regency, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, still uses an open dumping system. The open dumping system produced more quantity of leachate from other systems. Leachate spreads to the ground and seeps into the ground to the groundwater surface. These conditions have an impact on the environment. This study aims to assess the groundwater vulnerability to leachate contamination in the area around the Piyungan landfill. The research method used is survey and mapping, and data analysis is carried out using the Le Grand method. Geographic Information System (GIS) is also used to visualize data into maps. The Le Grand method considers as many as 5 physical environmental parameters, including the groundwater depth, absorption above ground, aquifer permeability, groundwater slope, and horizontal distance of wells with pollutant sources. Next, scoring is carried out for each of these parameters, and then a groundwater vulnerability map is made using the overlay method. The results of the study were three classes of the potential vulnerability of groundwater pollutions. That were large pollution potential (may or may be polluted), medium pollution potential (maybe polluted but slightly), and small pollution potential (very difficult to pollute).


2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
K Aribowo ◽  
W Wilopo ◽  
D H Barianto

Abstract The increasing population density can contaminate groundwater. So far, groundwater is still the primary source to fulfill clean water and drinking water in Muntilan, Salam, and Ngluwar Sub-District. Studies on groundwater vulnerability are essential to minimize the contamination risks as a piece of basic information for land use planning. This research aims to assess groundwater vulnerability in Muntilan, Salam, and Ngluwar Sub-District. The simple vertical vulnerability (SVV) method with GIS was selected to develop a groundwater vulnerability map. The parameters of this method consist of the type of soil/rock, the thickness of the water-unsaturated zone, and the recharge value. The results show that the research area can be divided into three vulnerability classes: very low, moderate, and high groundwater vulnerability. Very low groundwater vulnerability has a value of more than 70 with very high protection effectiveness. The class is distributed in Muntilan and Salam Sub-Districts. Moderate groundwater vulnerability has a value less than 35 to 65 with moderate protection effectiveness, and high groundwater vulnerability has a value ranging from 24 to 35 with low protection effectiveness. Both of the class is evenly distributed in Muntilan, Ngluwar and Salam Sub-Districts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Vasilica Istrate ◽  
Vasile Jitariu ◽  
Pavel Ichim ◽  
Ovidiu Miron Machidon ◽  
Liviu Apostol

Estimating the impact of hail on agricultural land is needed in order to streamline damage reduction methods. In this regard, hail risk maps were prepared for the region of Moldova for the main types of crops (wheat and rye, corn, potato, sugar beet, sunflower, vegetables, orchards and vineyards). The methodology that we used consists in determining the risk map, as the product between the hazard map (average annual number of days with hail), the exposure map (agricultural crop value) and the vulnerability map (the percentage occupied by a certain agricultural crop in the administrative units). Areas with severe hail risk are in the eastern half of Vrancea County, the western part of Galati County and the northeastern part of Iasi County, where there are large areas cultivated with vines, orchards and vegetables. In Vaslui County, the most exposed ATUs are those in the vicinity of Bârlad, Fălciu Hills and the Huși wine area. Most AUs in Bacău and Suceava counties, in the southern part of Neamț County, are included in the medium and high-risk classes due to the suitable conditions for cultivating most plants and the higher frequency of hail. The ATUs from Botosani County are included in the low and medium risk classes. The lowest level of risk is registered in the case of AUs from the mountainous area, the Curvature Subcarpathians and the areas with higher altitudes from the Central Moldavian Plateau and Tutova Hills.


Author(s):  
T. A. Balogun ◽  
M. O. Adamu ◽  
T. Alaga ◽  
J. E. Adewoyin ◽  
S. A. Ajisafe ◽  
...  

Flood is a natural event that cause varying degree of losses despite initiatives to mitigate its impact. As the drive to retore normalcy in flood riddle areas increases, concerns about the vulnerability of areas in relation to households’ responses to flood has emerged. This study therefore, identified areas vulnerable to flood; elicit households’ sociodemographic attributes and examine their level of preparedness to flood in Ogunpa and Oni River Basin. A GIS-based approach was adopted along with 121 well-structured questionnaires administered to the respondents. A multi-criteria analysis (that considers slope, rainfall, soil type, DEM and NDVI was adopted), descriptive statistic and binary logistic model was used to achieve the objectives. The results from the vulnerability map revealed varying vulnerability status across Ogunpa and Oni River Basin. In addition, the sociodemographic statistics revealed important variables that influences household decision to prepare for flood. It was also known that factors that drive households to prepare for flood vary across households in Ogunpa and Oni River Basin. The study recommends enlightenment campaign on proper refuse disposal, strengthening of environmental regulatory agency, adoption of participatory approach in the buildup of environmental policy and increasing the level of awareness on the need for insurance policy that covers household against disaster such as flood.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Chen-Fa Wu ◽  
Szu-Hung Chen ◽  
Ching-Wen Cheng ◽  
Luu Van Thong Trac

Developing countries in the global south that contribute less to climate change have suffered greater from its impacts, such as extreme climatic events and disasters compared to developed countries, causing climate justice concerns globally. Ho Chi Minh City has experienced increased intensity and frequency of climate change-induced urban floods, causing socio-economic damage that disturbs their livelihoods while urban populations continue to grow. This study aims to establish a citywide flood risk map to inform risk management in the city and address climate justice locally. This study applied a flood risk assessment framework integrating a coupled nature–human approach and examined the spatial distribution of urban flood hazard and urban flood vulnerability. A flood hazard map was generated using selected morphological and hydro-meteorological indicators. A flood vulnerability map was generated based on a literature review and a social survey weighed by experts’ priorities using the Fuzzy Delphi Method and Analytic Network Process. Vulnerability indicators including demographic characteristics, infrastructure, and land use patterns were used to generate a flood vulnerability map. The results illustrate that almost the entire central and northeastern parts of the city are at high flood risk, whereas the western part is at low flood risk. The findings have implications in urban planning via identifying risk hot spots in order to prioritize resources for mitigating hazards and enhancing community resilience to urban floods.


Author(s):  
Abderamane Hamit ◽  
Mahamat Nour Abdallah ◽  
Moussa Abderamane ◽  
Tan-IM Abdallah Brahim ◽  
Bakhit Diki Bakay ◽  
...  

The demography (3.4%) and the development of anthropic activities in the city of Sarh, constitute a risk of groundwater pollution. That is why a vulnerability map is determined to contribute to the protection of groundwater resources against possible pollution for future decision and allocation of land and activities. The present study interested the city of Sarh and had the objective to elaborate a vulnerability map to pollution by applying the DRASTIC method. The data required for this study are summarized in seven critical factors specific to the model applied (depth of the water table, net recharge, aquifer lithology, soil type, topography (slope), unsaturated zone lithology and hydraulic conductivity). They were acquired from several sources and converted by the GIS into thematic maps. For each critical parameter, a coefficient and a weight were assigned according to its importance in the DRASTIC model. The resulting map shows three classes of vulnerability; 36% of the Sarh region has very low vulnerability, 35% has low vulnerability and 29% has medium vulnerability.


2021 ◽  
pp. 113-128

INTRODUCTION: The rapid population growth and fast-paced development of urban texture have given rise to unwise decisions which can be only prevented by strategic management of city neighborhoods based on a vision in accordance with the common values of society. The vision development aims at determining the position a neighborhood strives to reach. In the meantime, disaster-stricken areas have a special position, considering reconstruction as a golden opportunity. The present article aimed to develop a vision for Shiroodi and Fooladi neighborhoods in Sarpol-e Zahab after the 1396 earthquake in Kermanshah province. METHODS: The present applied research was conducted based on a descriptive-analytical design. To this end, situation assessment was firstly performed in both strategic and local domains based on urban systems. For each system, the table of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) was prepared. Moreover, combining different layers, a vulnerability map and an integrated SWOT analysis map were obtained. Finally, based on these maps, field observations, interviews with residents, and expert opinions, a vision statement was presented and the necessary policies were formulated. FINDINGS: Based on the obtained results, the strengths, and opportunities, such as quick access to the main artery and the presence of barren lands, have a resilient state in response to disasters. On the other hand, weaknesses, and threats, such as construction on agricultural lands or the narrow passages, are among the factors that highlight the need to select a vision with a resilient approach to future disasters. CONCLUSION: As evidenced by the research of the study, the first stage of visioning must be based on urban systems, such as land use, movement and access, physical form, and landscape urbanism. In this regard, a vision needs to assess resilience at different physical, environmental, social, and economic levels. Furthermore, this vision should lead to the presentation of some instructions, such as the obtainment of a checkered texture, expansion of green spaces, reduction of enclosures, as well as safety in infrastructure and networks, to increase the resilience of the target neighborhood after the earthquake.


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