Influences of living and dead nematodes of Aphelenchoides besseyi (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) and artificial defoliation on rice seed ripening

Aphelenchoides besseyi is a seed borne nematode caused white tip disease. Infested rice seeds are beneficial inoculum source forA. besseyi widespread. The objective of this research was to determine the occurence and development of symptom level caused by A. besseyi in rice seed varieties. The research was done by detecting A. besseyi in rice seed using Hoshino and Togashi method and counting the nematode population in the seed; observing the incubation time and measuring disease incidence every week. The result revealed that A. besseyi was found in 16 of 17 varieties, i.e. R1 IR64, R2 IR64, R3 IR64, R1 Situbagendit, R2 Situbagendit, Inpari 33, R1 Memberamo, R2 Memberamo, R3 Memberamo, R1 Way Apo Buru, R2 Way Apo Buru, Mekongga, Pepe, Ketan, Sintanur, and Ciherang.A. besseyi infection increased every week in many varieties depend on quantitative (statistics) and qualitative (symptom) indicators. There were 4 varieties have to be investigate further because they were infested by A. besseyi>30 nematodes/100 seeds, i.e. R1 Way Apo Buru, R1 Situbagendit, Ketan and R3 IR 64. A practice that is also required is the elimination of A. besseyi inoculum in rice seed before cultivate.

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Distribution pattern and mortality of the white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), among rice seeds

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854101300106847 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Katsumi Togashi ◽

Shigeru Hoshino

Keyword(s):

Paddy Field ◽

Rice Plant ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Ecological Features ◽

Degree Of Swelling ◽

Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽

The Mean ◽

Different Levels ◽

Nematode Mortality

AbstractAphelenchoides besseyi is a seed-borne nematode and the causal agent of rice white tip disease. To determine the relationships between nematode numbers per seed, size of seed harbouring nematodes, and nematode mortality, 18 panicles were collected from 12 paddy fields showing three different levels of white tip disease. The panicles were investigated after storage for 30-82 days at 4°C. There was no nematode mortality within seeds during storage. Mean nematode number per seed increased and mean degree of seed swelling decreased as the paddy field infestation of white tip disease increased. For paddy field means, there was a significant, negative correlation between the mean nematode number per seed and the mean degree of rice seed swelling. Intriguingly, for individual seeds, the mean degree of swelling increased up to that typical of well-developed seeds with increasing nematode number per seed. Nematode mortality occurred in an inversely density-dependent fashion within individual seeds. The nematode exhibited a clumped distribution among seeds in each paddy field. Such ecological features of the nematode might contribute to its persistence in rice plant population.

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Trade-off between dispersal and reproduction of a seed-borne nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi, parasitic on rice plants

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854103773040727 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 821-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Katsumi Togashi ◽

Shigeru Hoshino

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Parasitic Nematode ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Trade Off ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽

Seminal Roots ◽

The Mean ◽

Nematode Mortality

AbstractThe effect of nematode infestation on dispersal and survival of both host plant and parasitic nematode was investigated experimentally using rice plants, Oryza sativa L. and Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, a seed-borne ectoparasite. Nematode-inoculated plants produced a greater proportion of light seeds floating on water than non-inoculated plants. Nematode mortality was greater in light seeds than in heavy seeds. In the case of light seeds, the mean degree of seed swelling increased as the number of nematodes harboured increased, whereas it was constant with increasing numbers of nematodes for the intermediate and heavy seed groups. A smaller proportion of light seeds germinated and these took longer for seminal roots to protrude than from heavy seeds, irrespective of whether they derived from nematode-inoculated or non-inoculated plants. These results indicate a trade-off for rice seed specific gravity between dispersal and competition of rice seeds and another trade-off between dispersal and reproduction of nematodes harboured in the seed.

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Distribusi Nematoda Pucuk Putih Padi Aphelenchoides besseyi di Pulau Jawa

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia ◽

10.14692/jfi.14.4.129 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Didiet Rahayu Diana

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Molecular Approaches ◽

The Status ◽

Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Rice White Tip Nematode ◽

Baermann Method

Distribution of Rice White Tip Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in Java Island Aphelenchoides besseyi is one of the most important rice seed borne nematode causing white tip disease in Indonesia. The status of A. besseyi is considered as quarantine pest category A2, with limited distribution area in Java, Sumatera, and South Kalimantan). The aim of this research was to detect and identify A. besseyi from rice seed based on morphological, morphometry and molecular approaches and to determine its distribution in rice growing areas in Java. Rice seed samples, consisting of 26 varieties, were obtained from seed producers, seed distributors, and farmers in Java. Nematode extraction was done using Baermann method. Molecular identification was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and followed by DNA sequencing and nucleotide analysis. A. besseyi was detected from 74.32% of seed samples. A. besseyi was confirmed to be distributed in Lebak, Bogor, Sukabumi, Subang, Indramayu, Klaten, Sragen, Sukoharjo, Boyolali, Pati, Pemalang, Yogyakarta Sleman, Magetan, Blitar, Tuban, Gresik, Nganjuk, and Banyuwangi. Further nucleotide analysis showed that A. besseyi isolates from rice seed cv Ciherang (Yogyakarta) and cv IR 64 (Banyuwangi) have 99% homology to those from India, China, USA; and 98% homology to those from Taiwan.

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