Cost Effectiveness of Case Detection Strategies for the Early Detection of COPD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Johnson ◽  
Mohsen Sadatsafavi ◽  
Amin Adibi ◽  
Larry Lynd ◽  
Mark Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Detection Strategies

scholarly journals PRS17 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CASE DETECTION STRATEGIES FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S352
Author(s):  
K. Johnson ◽  
M. Sadatsafavi ◽  
A. Adibi ◽  
L.D. Lynd ◽  
M. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Detection Strategies

scholarly journals Modelling Cost-Effectiveness of Syphilis Detection Strategies In Prisoners: Exploratory Exercise In A Chilean Male Prison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Castillo-Laborde ◽  
Pedro Gajardo ◽  
Manuel Nájera-De Ferrari ◽  
Isabel Matute ◽  
Macarena Hirmas-Adauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Passive Case Detection ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Detection Strategies

Abstract BACKGROUND: Syphilis, together with other sexually transmitted infections, remains a global public health problem that is far from being controlled. People deprived of liberty are one of the vulnerable population. Control activities in prisons rely mostly on passive case detection, despite the existence of affordable alternatives that would allow switching to active case-finding strategies. Our objective was to develop a mathematical modelling framework for cost-effectiveness evaluation, from a health system perspective, of different approaches using rapid tests for the detection of syphilis in inmates' populations and to explore the results based on a Chilean male prison population. Methods: A compartmental model was developed to characterize the transmission dynamics of syphilis inside a prison with the ongoing strategy (passive case detection, with VRDL + FTA-ABS), considering the entrance and exit of inmates over a 40 year period. The model allows to simulate the implementation of a reverse algorithm for the current situation (rapid test + VDRL), different screening strategies (entry point, massive periodically; both with rapid test + VDRL) and treatment of detected cases. The parameters for the exploratory exercise were obtained from systematic searches of indexed and grey literature and field work (EQ-5D questionnaire application and key actors interviews). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty in relevant parameters. RESULTS: The proposed framework allows the evaluation of different detection strategies. In this study, all the strategies were cost-effective in the baseline scenario when considering an ICER threshold of 1 Chilean GDP per capita (US$15,000). The strategies most likely to be cost-effective (over 80% probability) were: current situation with reverse algorithm, entry point screening and mass screening every two years; the latter was the most effective, achieving the lowest prevalence (0.7% and 1.7% over the period versus the 3% prevalence in the current situation).CONCLUSIONS: Mathematical modelling that considers the performance of different test and detection strategies might be a powerful tool for decision making. The exploratory results show the efficiency of adopting both the use of the rapid tests and to perform active case detection to significantly reduce the burden of syphilis in Chilean prisons in the near future.

scholarly journals Modelling Cost-Effectiveness Of Syphilis Detection Strategies In Prisoners: Exploratory Exercise In A Chilean Male Prison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Castillo-Laborde ◽  
Pedro Gajardo ◽  
Manuel Nájera-De Ferrari ◽  
Isabel Matute ◽  
Macarena Hirmas-Adauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Passive Case Detection ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Detection Strategies

Abstract BACKGROUND: Syphilis, together with other sexually transmitted infections, remains a global public health problem that is far from being controlled. People deprived of liberty are one of the vulnerable population. Control activities in prisons rely mostly on passive case detection, despite the existence of affordable alternatives that would allow switching to active case-finding strategies. Our objective was to develop a mathematical modelling framework for cost-effectiveness evaluation, from a health system perspective, of different approaches using rapid tests for the detection of syphilis in inmates' populations and to explore the results based on a Chilean male prison population. Methods: A compartmental model was developed to characterize the transmission dynamics of syphilis inside a prison with the ongoing strategy (passive case detection, with VRDL + FTA-ABS), considering the entrance and exit of inmates over a 40 year period. The model allows simulation of the implementation of a reverse algorithm for the current situation (rapid test + VDRL), different screening strategies (entry point, massive periodically; both with rapid test + VDRL) and treatment of detected cases. The parameters for the exploratory exercise were obtained from systematic searches of indexed and grey literature and field work (EQ-5D questionnaire application and key actors interviews). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty in relevant parameters. RESULTS: The proposed framework allows the evaluation of different detection strategies. In this study, all the strategies were cost-effective in the baseline scenario when considering an ICER threshold of 1 Chilean GDP per capita (US$15,000). The strategies most likely to be cost-effective (over 80% probability) were: current situation with reverse algorithm, entry point screening and mass screening every two years; the latter was the most effective, achieving the lowest prevalence (0.7% and 1.7% over the period versus the 3% prevalence in the current situation).CONCLUSIONS: Mathematical modelling that considers the performance of different test and detection strategies could be a useful tool for decision making. The exploratory results show the efficiency of adopting both the use of the rapid tests and performing active case detection to significantly reduce the burden of syphilis in Chilean prisons in the near future.

scholarly journals Modelling Cost-Effectiveness of Syphilis Detection Strategies in Prisoners: Exploratory Exercise in a Chilean Male Prison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Castillo-Laborde ◽  
Pedro Gajardo ◽  
Manuel Nájera-De Ferrari ◽  
Isabel Matute ◽  
Macarena Hirmas-Adauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Passive Case Detection ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Detection Strategies

Abstract BACKGROUND: Syphilis, together with other sexually transmitted infections, remains a global public health problem that is far from controlled. People deprived of liberty are a vulnerable population. Control activities in prisons rely mostly on passive case detection, despite the existence of affordable alternatives that would allow switching to active case-finding strategies. Our objective was to develop a mathematical modelling framework for cost-effectiveness evaluation, from a health system perspective, of different approaches using rapid tests for the detection of syphilis in inmates' populations and to explore the results based on a Chilean male prison population. Methods: A compartmental model was developed to characterize the transmission dynamics of syphilis inside a prison with the ongoing strategy (passive case detection, with VRDL + FTA-ABS), considering the entrance and exit of inmates over a 40 year period. The model allows simulation of the implementation of a reverse algorithm for the current situation (rapid test + VDRL), different screening strategies (entry point, massive periodically; both with rapid test + VDRL) and treatment of detected cases. The parameters for the exploratory exercise were obtained from systematic searches of indexed and grey literature and field work (EQ-5D questionnaire application and key actors interviews). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty in relevant parameters. RESULTS: The proposed framework allows the evaluation of different detection strategies. In this study, all the strategies were cost-effective in the baseline scenario when considering an ICER threshold of 1 Chilean GDP per capita (US$15,000). The strategies most likely to be cost-effective (over 80% probability) were: current situation with reverse algorithm, entry point screening and mass screening every two years; the latter was the most effective, achieving the lowest prevalence (0.7% and 1.7% over the period versus the 3% prevalence in the current situation).CONCLUSIONS: Mathematical modelling that considers the performance of different tests and detection strategies could be a useful tool for decision making. The exploratory results show the efficiency of adopting both the use of the rapid tests and performing active case detection to significantly reduce the burden of syphilis in Chilean prisons in the near future.

scholarly journals Modelling Cost-Effectiveness of Syphilis Detection Strategies in Prisoners: Exploratory Exercise in a Chilean Male Prison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Castillo-Laborde ◽  
Pedro Gajardo ◽  
Manuel Nájera-De Ferrari ◽  
Isabel Matute ◽  
Macarena Hirmas-Adauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Passive Case Detection ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Detection Strategies

Abstract BACKGROUND: Syphilis, together with other sexually transmitted infections, remains a global public health problem that is far from being controlled. People deprived of liberty are one of the vulnerable population. Control activities in prisons rely mostly on passive case detection, despite the existence of affordable alternatives that would allow switching to active case-finding strategies. Our objective was to develop a mathematical modelling framework for cost-effectiveness evaluation, from a health system perspective, of different approaches using rapid tests for the detection of syphilis in inmates' populations and to explore the results based on a Chilean male prison population. Methods: A compartmental model was developed to characterize the transmission dynamics of syphilis inside a prison with the ongoing strategy (passive case detection, with VRDL + FTA-ABS), considering the entrance and exit of inmates over a 40 year period. The model allows simulation of the implementation of a reverse algorithm for the current situation (rapid test + VDRL), different screening strategies (entry point, massive periodically; both with rapid test + VDRL) and treatment of detected cases. The parameters for the exploratory exercise were obtained from systematic searches of indexed and grey literature and field work (EQ-5D questionnaire application and key actors interviews). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty in relevant parameters. RESULTS: The proposed framework allows the evaluation of different detection strategies. In this study, all the strategies were cost-effective in the baseline scenario when considering an ICER threshold of 1 Chilean GDP per capita (US$15,000). The strategies most likely to be cost-effective (over 80% probability) were: current situation with reverse algorithm, entry point screening and mass screening every two years; the latter was the most effective, achieving the lowest prevalence (0.7% and 1.7% over the period versus the 3% prevalence in the current situation).CONCLUSIONS: Mathematical modelling that considers the performance of different tests and detection strategies could be a useful tool for decision making. The exploratory results show the efficiency of adopting both the use of the rapid tests and performing active case detection to significantly reduce the burden of syphilis in Chilean prisons in the near future.

scholarly journals PMD30 Cost-Effectiveness of Screening and Early Detection Strategies for Colorectal Cancer in Colombia

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. A67
Author(s):  
C.E. Pinzón Flórez ◽  
O.A. Gamboa ◽  
R. Murillo moreno ◽  
D. Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Detection Strategies

scholarly journals Modelling cost-effectiveness of syphilis detection strategies in prisoners: exploratory exercise in a Chilean male prison

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Castillo-Laborde ◽  
Pedro Gajardo ◽  
Manuel Nájera-De Ferrari ◽  
Isabel Matute ◽  
Macarena Hirmas-Adauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Passive Case Detection ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Detection Strategies

Abstract Background Syphilis, together with other sexually transmitted infections, remains a global public health problem that is far from controlled. People deprived of liberty are a vulnerable population. Control activities in prisons rely mostly on passive case detection, despite the existence of affordable alternatives that would allow switching to active case-finding strategies. Our objective was to develop a mathematical modelling framework for cost-effectiveness evaluation, from a health system perspective, of different approaches using rapid tests for the detection of syphilis in inmates' populations and to explore the results based on a Chilean male prison population. Methods A compartmental model was developed to characterize the transmission dynamics of syphilis inside a prison with the ongoing strategy (passive case detection, with VRDL + FTA-ABS), considering the entrance and exit of inmates over a 40 year period. The model allows simulation of the implementation of a reverse algorithm for the current situation (rapid test + VDRL), different screening strategies (entry point, massive periodically; both with rapid test + VDRL) and treatment of detected cases. The parameters for the exploratory exercise were obtained from systematic searches of indexed and grey literature and field work (EQ-5D questionnaire application and key actors interviews). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for uncertainty in relevant parameters. Results The proposed framework allows the evaluation of different detection strategies. In this study, all the strategies were cost-effective in the baseline scenario when considering an ICER threshold of 1 Chilean GDP per capita (US$15,000). The strategies most likely to be cost-effective (over 80% probability) were: current situation with reverse algorithm, entry point screening and mass screening every two years; the latter was the most effective, achieving the lowest prevalence (0.7% and 1.7% over the period versus the 3% prevalence in the current situation). Conclusions Mathematical modelling that considers the performance of different tests and detection strategies could be a useful tool for decision making. The exploratory results show the efficiency of adopting both the use of the rapid tests and performing active case detection to significantly reduce the burden of syphilis in Chilean prisons in the near future.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Cancer Exposome Profile to Aid Early Detection and Inform Prevention Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1665
Author(s):  
Maria J. Monroy-Iglesias ◽  
Saoirse Dolly ◽  
Debashis Sarker ◽  
Kiruthikah Thillai ◽  
Mieke Van Hemelrijck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Detection Strategies

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The causes of PCa are not fully elucidated yet, although certain exposome factors have been identified. The exposome is defined as the sum of all environmental factors influencing the occurrence of a disease during a life span. The development of an exposome approach for PCa has the potential to discover new disease-associated factors to better understand the carcinogenesis of PCa and help with early detection strategies. Our systematic review of the literature identified several exposome factors that have been associated with PCa alone and in combination with other exposures. A potential inflammatory signature has been observed among the interaction of several exposures (i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and inflammatory markers) that further increases the incidence and progression of PCa. A large number of exposures have been identified such as genetic, hormonal, microorganism infections and immune responses that warrant further investigation. Future early detection strategies should utilize this information to assess individuals’ risk for PCa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document