Characterizing the spatiotemporal variations of evapotranspiration and aridity index in mid-western China from 2001 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Mu ◽  
Yixiao Lu ◽  
Minguo Liu ◽  
Huimin Yang ◽  
Qisheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Aridity Index ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations

scholarly journals Responses of runoff to historical and future climate variability over China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhao Wu ◽  
Bill X. Hu ◽  
Guoru Huang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Kai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Western China ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. China has suffered some of the effects of global warming, and one of the potential implications of climate warming is the alteration of the temporal-spatial patterns of water resources. Based on the long-term (1960–2012) water budget data and climate projections from 28 Global Climate Models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), this study investigated the responses of runoff (R) to historical and future climate variability in China at both grid and catchment scales using the Budyko-based elasticity method. Results show that there is a large spatial variation in precipitation (P) elasticity (from 1.2 to 3.3) and potential evaporation (PET) elasticity (from −2.3 to −0.2) across China. The P elasticity is larger in northeast and western China than in southern China, while the opposite occurs for PET elasticity. The catchment properties elasticity of R appears to have a strong non-linear relationship with the mean annual aridity index and tends to be more significant in more arid regions. For the period 1960–2012, the climate contribution to R ranges from −2.4 % a−1 to 3.3 % a−1 across China, with the negative contribution in the North China plain and the positive contribution in western China and some parts of the southwest. The results of climate projections indicate that although there is large uncertainty involved in the 28 GCMs, most project a consistent change in P (or PET) in China at the annual scale. For the period 2071–2100, the mean annual P will likely increase in most parts of China, especially the western regions, while the mean annual PET will likely increase in all of China, particularly the southern regions. Furthermore, greater increases are projected for higher emission scenarios. Overall, due to climate change, the arid regions and humid regions of China will likely become wetter and drier in the period 2071–2100, respectively (relative to the baseline 1971–2000).

Spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants in western China and their relationship to meteorological factors and emission sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 112952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Yang ◽  
Zhenming Ji ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Qianggong Zhang ◽  
Xintong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Western China ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal variations of aridity index over the Belt and Road region under the 1.5°C and 2.0°C warming scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Tong Jiang ◽  
Yanjun Wang ◽  
Buda Su ◽  
Hui Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aridity Index ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

scholarly journals Seasonal cycles and trends of water budget components in 18 river basins across Tibetan Plateau: a multiple datasets perspective

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Fubao Sun ◽  
Yanzhong Li ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Yan-Fang Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Western China ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Seasonal Cycles

Abstract. The insights of water budgets over Tibetan Plateau (TP) are not fully understood so far due to the lack of quantitative observations of the land surface processes. Here, we investigated the seasonal cycles and trends of water budget components in 18 TP basins through the use of multi-source datasets during the period 1982–2011. A two-step bias correction procedure was applied to calculate the basin-wide evapotranspiration (ET) through the water balance considering the influences of glacier and water storage change. The results indicated that precipitation, which mainly concentrated during June–October (varied among different monsoons impacted basins), is the major contributor to the runoff in TP basins. The basin-wide snow water equivalent (SWE) was relatively higher from mid-autumn to spring for most TP basins. The water cycles intensified under a global warming in most basins except for the upper Yellow and Yalong Rivers, which were significantly influenced by the weakening East Asian monsoon. Corresponded to the climate warming and moistening in the TP and western China, the aridity index (PET/P) in most basins decreased. The general hydrological regimes could be inferred from the perspective of multi-source datasets although there are considerable uncertainties from different datasets, which are comparable to some existing studies using the field observations and complex modeling approaches. The results highlighted the usefulness of integrating the multi-source data (e.g., in situ observations, remote sensing products, reanalysis, land surface model simulations and climate model outputs) for hydrological applications in the data-sparse environments and could be benefit for understanding the water and energy budgets, sustainable management of water resources under a warming climate in the harsh and data-sparse Tibetan Plateau.

scholarly journals Responses of runoff to historical and future climate variability over China

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1971-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhao Wu ◽  
Bill X. Hu ◽  
Guoru Huang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Kai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Western China ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. China has suffered some of the effects of global warming, and one of the potential implications of climate warming is the alteration of the temporal–spatial patterns of water resources. Based on the long-term (1960–2008) water budget data and climate projections from 28 global climate models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), this study investigated the responses of runoff (R) to historical and future climate variability in China at both grid and catchment scales using the Budyko-based elasticity method. Results show that there is a large spatial variation in precipitation (P) elasticity (from 1.1 to 3.2) and potential evaporation (PET) elasticity (from −2.2 to −0.1) across China. The P elasticity is larger in north-eastern and western China than in southern China, while the opposite occurs for PET elasticity. The catchment properties' elasticity of R appears to have a strong non-linear relationship with the mean annual aridity index and tends to be more significant in more arid regions. For the period 1960–2008, the climate contribution to R ranges from −2.4 to 3.6 % yr−1 across China, with the negative contribution in north-eastern China and the positive contribution in western China and some parts of the south-west. The results of climate projections indicate that although there is large uncertainty involved in the 28 GCMs, most project a consistent change in P (or PET) in China at the annual scale. For the period 2071–2100, the mean annual P is projected to increase in most parts of China, especially the western regions, while the mean annual PET is projected to increase in all of China, particularly the southern regions. Furthermore, greater increases are projected for higher emission scenarios. Overall, due to climate change, the arid regions and humid regions of China are projected to become wetter and drier in the period 2071–2100, respectively (relative to the baseline 1971–2000).

scholarly journals Characterizing Spatiotemporal Variations of Soil Salinization and Its Relationship with Eco-Hydrological Parameters at the Regional Scale in the Kashi Area of Xinjiang, China from 2000 to 2017

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xinguang Dong ◽  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Guoqiang Qin
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations ◽  
Decrease Rate ◽  
Hydrological Parameters ◽  
Salinized Soil ◽  
Soil Area

Soil salinization is one of the most serious issues of land degradation, especially in inland drylands, such as the Kashgar region in the Xinjiang province, western China. The investigation of the spatiotemporal variations of soil salinization and its causes is critical for regional ecological restoration and social development. In this study, salinization severity was firstly interpreted in Kashgar region for the years 2000, 2010, and 2017 using multitemporal Landsat images, and the spatiotemporal variations of salinized soil area, salinization severity index, and important index of salinization change were then analyzed using transition matrix method. Finally, the relationship between salinization and eco-hydrological parameters at the regional scale was investigated using correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression. The results show that salinized soil is mainly concentrated in irrigated oasis areas. Although the decrease rate of total salinized soil area is decreasing, the decrease rate of average salinization severity is increasing gradually. There is an increasing trend for the improved area of salinized soil, whereas an opposite trend was observed for the deteriorated area of salinized soil. The conversion from extremely severe salinized soil to the severe ones was the dominant transforming type from 2000 to 2017; meanwhile, the transformation from non-salinized soil to salinized soil for the newly reclaimed farmland was observed, indicating that some necessary irrigation control measures must be taken to avoid further soil salinizing. A significant negative correlation between salinization severity and evapotranspiration, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was observed, implying that soil structure change induced by vegetation, associated with high evapotranspiration (ET) and low land surface temperature (LST), played a positive role in alleviating soil salinization in this region. It is concluded that the soil salinization had been alleviated from 2000 to 2017, mainly due to the combined effects of the farmland expansion and the reasonable irrigation system.

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