Spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants in western China and their relationship to meteorological factors and emission sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 112952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Yang ◽  
Zhenming Ji ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Qianggong Zhang ◽  
Xintong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Western China ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations

scholarly journals Associations of Ambient Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors With COVID-19 Transmission in 31 Chinese Provinces: A Time Series Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110602
Author(s):  
Han Cao ◽  
Bingxiao Li ◽  
Tianlun Gu ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Air Pollutant Concentrations

Evidence regarding the effects of environmental factors on COVID-19 transmission is mixed. We aimed to explore the associations of air pollutants and meteorological factors with COVID-19 confirmed cases during the outbreak period throughout China. The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases, air pollutant concentrations, and meteorological factors in China from January 25 to February 29, 2020, (36 days) were extracted from authoritative electronic databases. The associations were estimated for a single-day lag as well as moving averages lag using generalized additive mixed models. Region-specific analyses and meta-analysis were conducted in 5 selected regions from the north to south of China with diverse air pollution levels and weather conditions and sufficient sample size. Nonlinear concentration–response analyses were performed. An increase of each interquartile range in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO at lag4 corresponded to 1.40 (1.37–1.43), 1.35 (1.32–1.37), 1.01 (1.00–1.02), 1.08 (1.07–1.10), 1.28 (1.27–1.29), and 1.26 (1.24–1.28) ORs of daily new cases, respectively. For 1°C, 1%, and 1 m/s increase in temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity, the ORs were 0.97 (0.97–0.98), 0.96 (0.96–0.97), and 0.94 (0.92–0.95), respectively. The estimates of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and all meteorological factors remained significantly after meta-analysis for the five selected regions. The concentration–response relationships showed that higher concentrations of air pollutants and lower meteorological factors were associated with daily new cases increasing. Higher air pollutant concentrations and lower temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity may favor COVID-19 transmission. Controlling ambient air pollution, especially for PM2.5, PM10, NO2, may be an important component of reducing risk of COVID-19 infection. In addition, as winter months are arriving in China, the meteorological factors may play a negative role in prevention. Therefore, it is significant to implement the public health control measures persistently in case another possible pandemic.

scholarly journals Association of meteorological factors with seasonal activity of influenza A subtypes and B lineages in subtropical western China

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pan ◽  
H. P. Yang ◽  
J. Jian ◽  
Y. Kuang ◽  
J. N. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Western China ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe seasonality of individual influenza subtypes/lineages and the association of influenza epidemics with meteorological factors in the tropics/subtropics have not been well understood. The impact of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on the prevalence of seasonal influenza virus remains to be explored. Using wavelet analysis, the periodicities of A/H3N2, seasonal A/H1N1, A/H1N1pdm09, Victoria and Yamagata were identified, respectively, in Panzhihua during 2006–2015. As a subtropical city in southwestern China, Panzhihua is the first industrial city in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The relationship between influenza epidemics and local climatic variables was examined based on regression models. The temporal distribution of influenza subtypes/lineages during the pre-pandemic (2006–2009), pandemic (2009) and post-pandemic (2010–2015) years was described and compared. A total of 6892 respiratory specimens were collected and 737 influenza viruses were isolated. A/H3N2 showed an annual cycle with a peak in summer–autumn, while A/H1N1pdm09, Victoria and Yamagata exhibited an annual cycle with a peak in winter–spring. Regression analyses demonstrated that relative humidity was positively associated with A/H3N2 activity while negatively associated with Victoria activity. Higher prevalence of A/H1N1pdm09 and Yamagata was driven by lower absolute humidity. The role of weather conditions in regulating influenza epidemics could be complicated since the diverse viral transmission modes and mechanism. Differences in seasonality and different associations with meteorological factors by influenza subtypes/lineages should be considered in epidemiological studies in the tropics/subtropics. The development of subtype- and lineage-specific prevention and control measures is of significant importance.

Using the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory to characterize industrial emissions in Southern California

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conner Daube ◽  
Christoph Dyroff ◽  
Edward Fortner ◽  
Jordan Krechmer ◽  
Francesca Majluf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Mobile Laboratory ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Regional Trends

<p>During late 2019, the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory sampled numerous industrial areas primarily in the County of Los Angeles, California, USA. Commercial and laboratory-grade instruments were used to analyze the gaseous and particulate composition of ambient air samples while operating in mobile and stationary modes. Measurements of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O were collected in addition to several specific hazardous air pollutants. Short-lived plumes from a wide variety of industries and broader regional trends were observed. Multi-day measurements at identified sources and overnight sampling added depth and context to these findings. Results from this characterization of industrial emission sources, including analysis of both greenhouse gases and pollutants in the urban environment, will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of trans-Eurasian transport of air pollutants on surface ozone concentrations over Western China

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (21) ◽  
pp. 12,338-12,354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Li ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Denise L. Mauzerall ◽  
Louisa K. Emmons ◽  
Stacy Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Western China ◽  
Ozone Concentrations
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