Impact of the backward chaining method on physical and psychological outcome measures in older adults at risk of falling: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Leonhardt ◽  
Clemens Becker ◽  
Michaela Groß ◽  
A. Stefanie Mikolaizak
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Backward Chaining

scholarly journals Instrumented Analysis of the Sit-to-Stand Movement for Geriatric Screening: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Brajesh Shukla ◽  
Jennifer Bassement ◽  
Vivek Vijay ◽  
Sandeep Yadav ◽  
David Hewson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Geriatric Screening ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Future Work

The Sit-to-Stand (STS) is a widely used test of physical function to screen older people at risk of falls and frailty and is also one of the most important components of standard screening for sarcopenia. There have been many recent studies in which instrumented versions of the STS (iSTS) have been developed to provide additional parameters that could improve the accuracy of the STS test. This systematic review aimed to identify whether an iSTS is a viable alternative to a standard STS to identify older people at risk of falling, frailty, and sarcopenia. A total of 856 articles were found using the search strategy developed, with 12 articles retained in the review after screening based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Six studies evaluated the iSTS in fallers, five studies in frailty and only one study in both fallers and frailty. The results showed that power and velocity parameters extracted from an iSTS have the potential to improve the accuracy of screening when compared to a standard STS. Future work should focus on standardizing the segmentation of the STS into phases to enable comparison between studies and to develop devices integrated into the chair used for the test to improve usability.

Assessing gait parameters with accelerometer-based methods to identify older adults at risk of falls: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gillain ◽  
M. Boutaayamou ◽  
C. Beaudart ◽  
M. Demonceau ◽  
O. Bruyère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Risk Of Falls

scholarly journals Gastric Residual Volumes in the Adult Intensive Care Patient: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebecca Jane Jarden
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Patient At Risk

<p>Background: Enteral nutrition is one method of delivering nutrition to intubated patients. There are several issues that prevent optimal delivery of the prescribed enteral nutrition goal rates. The measurement of the patient's gastric residual volume (GRV) may demonstrate tolerability, or intolerability, of enteral nutrition. Identifying a safe GRV, at which to accept and continue enteral nutrition delivery, is essential to ensure the delivery of enteral nutrition adequately achieves the nutritional requirements of patients, and to mitigate the risks associated with the delivery of enteral nutrition. Objectives: This systematic review sought to answer the research question: what is the maximum GRV to accept in order to continue the delivery of enteral nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) adult patient? This is specifically related to the primary outcome measures indicative of accepting a specified GRV that is too high or too low. Accepting a GRV that is too high would put the patient at risk of vomiting, regurgitation, aspiration of gastric contents and potentially aspiration pneumonia. Conversely, accepting a GRV that is too low would put the patient at risk of not achieving caloric needs, potentially placing the patient at risk of malnutrition and increased morbidity. Search methods: Databases searched included: CCTR, CLCMR, CLTA, CLEED, OVID MEDLINE (R) (Ovid SP), EMBASE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCO host via helicon), AMED, Ovid Nursing Full Text plus, CDSR, ACP Journal Club, DARE, Proquest via helicon (advanced search), Pubmed via helicon (limits "all adult", "humans", "abstract", "title"), all EBM reviews, and the reference lists of articles. Selection criteria: The types of studies eligible for inclusion were published randomised controlled trials, case controlled studies, cohort studies and observational studies. Interventions considered were a comparison of two or more GRV measures. The participants eligible were adult ICU or critical care patients receiving enteral nutrition. The primary outcome measures for study inclusion were caloric requirement met, and specified potential adverse events including vomiting, regurgitation, or aspiration. Data collection and analysis: Data was extracted using a data extraction tool created by the researcher. Risk of bias was assessed by the author using two risk of bias assessment tools. Main results: Three studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review (McClave et al., 2005; Metheny, Schallom, Oliver, & Clouse, 2008; Pinilla, Samphire, Arnold, Liu, & Thiessen, 2001). Each of these studies contained methodological risks of bias and limitations related to their study designs. McClave et al.'s study was a prospective study (n = 40), Metheny et al.'s study was a prospective descriptive study (n = 206), and Pinilla et al.'s study was a randomised controlled trial (n = 80). No one study, or a combination of studies, provided conclusive evidence to support the use of one particular GRV over another. Author's conclusion: No recommendation for a definitive GRV was made in this systematic review due to the lack of strong evidentiary support for one GRV over another. There remain opportunities for enhancing practice through developing a consistent, multidisciplinary approach to managing GRVs. There are future research opportunities related to improving the management of GRVs in the enterally fed ICU patient, and achieving optimal volumes of nutrition delivered.</p>

scholarly journals Association between Loneliness and Diseases Self-Management in Older Adults: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 626-627
Author(s):  
Emma Cho ◽  
Ya-Ching Huang ◽  
Alexandra Garcia ◽  
Hsuan-Ju Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Management Behaviors

Abstract Purpose Older adults with chronic diseases are more at risk for loneliness, and loneliness has a negative impact on health behaviors, which are key to managing chronic diseases. However, little is known about the association between loneliness and self-management behaviors in older adults with chronic diseases. As societies worldwide experience the growth of aging populations who are at higher risk of having chronic diseases as they age, clinicians and researchers should assess and address loneliness of older adults with chronic diseases. Methods This systematic review synthesizes research found in PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and SocINDEX. Findings: fourteen studies were conducted in four countries and represented n= 128,610. Loneliness was measured by three different instruments. Reports of loneliness were frequent and ranged from 7.7% (in a report of severe loneliness) to 43.2% (moderate loneliness) of older adults. Older adults who experienced loneliness were less likely to be physically active, eat a healthy diet, or cope in positive ways and more likely to be female and seek healthcare. Conclusions This systematic review found that loneliness was moderately prevalent, and that loneliness was associated with negative disease self-management behaviors in older adults with chronic diseases. Gaps in the research include a need for studies guided by theoretical pathways, using a consistent, theoretically-based measure of loneliness, and conducted on among people with specific chronic diseases.

Evaluation of a balance and mobility program for older adults at risk of falling: a mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseyi A. Osho ◽  
Cathy Harbidge ◽  
David B. Hogan ◽  
Patricia J. Manns ◽  
C. Allyson Jones
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Risk Of Falling

scholarly journals USING MODELING TO COMPARE THE ABILITY OF FALLS SCREENING TOOLS TO PREDICT FUTURE FALLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S566-S567
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R Burns ◽  
Vicki J Pineau ◽  
Rosalind Koff ◽  
Sarah Hodge ◽  
Bess Welch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Key Questions

Abstract The STEADI initiative recommends screening older adults for falls annually using either the 12-item “Stay Independent” or the “three-key questions” screening tools. Both tools ask about falling in the preceding year. However, the comparative predictability of each tool has not been assessed. In response, CDC and NORC, assessed both tools’ ability to predict falls at six and twelve months. Adults 65+ (n=1900), were recruited from a nationally representative panel and were screened for fall risk at baseline using both tools and then followed for a year to determine if they fell. At baseline, 38% of older adults were categorized at-risk of falling based on the 12-item “Stay Independent” and 56% were considered at-risk based on the three-key questions. The history of falling question was excluded for the six month analyses. The “Stay Independent” identified 60% of fallers and the remaining two questions of the three-key questions identified 57% of fallers.

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