Association Between Stressful Life Events and Depression; Intersection of Race and Gender

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Maryam Moghani Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

The associations between stressful life events and depression among students in a university in Botswana

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leano Tumelo Hetolang ◽  
Kennedy Amone-P’Olak
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Gender ◽  
As Relationship

Depression is common among university students and often impacts their career development and health. Stressful life events might be associated with depression but remain to be studied among young adults, especially in non-Western settings. Depression and stressful life events were assessed in 304 students at a university in Botswana ( M = 21.56, standard deviation = 1.86) using the 21-item Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 26-Item Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Regression models were fitted to study the associations between stressful life events and depression while a one-way between-subjects analysis of variance was performed to compare subjects with minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depression on reporting stressful life events. Depression was present in 22 % of the participants (severe in 8.2% and moderate in 13.8%). More than half of the participants reported 10 or more stressful life events. Stressful life events significantly predicted depression (β = .37, 0.13–0.60). When all the other stressful life events and gender were adjusted for each other, loss of a cell phone, tablet, or laptop and relationship difficulties with peers, parents, and lecturers independently predicted depression. Subjects with minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depression significantly differed on reporting stressful life events ( F(3, 300) = 12.69, p < .001). Depression is not only common but significantly and increasingly associated with reporting more stressful life events. Types of stressful life events such as relationship difficulties and losses were uniquely associated with depression and should be considered in planning interventions and treatment of depression on university campuses.

A Longitudinal Analysis of Stressful Life Events, Smoking Behaviors, and Gender Differences in a Multicultural Sample of Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1521-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Booker ◽  
Jennifer B. Unger ◽  
Stanley P. Azen ◽  
Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati ◽  
Brian Lickel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
And Gender

Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms, Dysfunctional Attitudes and Social Aspects in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kovács ◽  
Ferenc Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Objective: Biopsychosocial models for both organic and functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders have been described in the recent literature. The objective of this study was to give further data to this model by assessing stressful life events, social support, psychopathological symptoms, and dysfunctional attitudes in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy subjects. Method: Age- and gender-matched IBS and IBD patients presenting at a tertiary care gastroenterological center completed self-reported questionnaires on stressful life events, social support, depressive and anxiety symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes. For comparative purposes, data from an age- and gender-matched healthy control group were obtained. Results: No significant differences were found between the groups regarding stressful life events and social support. Both patient groups had higher depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to healthy subjects, and IBS patients had higher depressive scores compared to IBD patients. IBS patients had more dysfunctional attitudes compared to both IBD and healthy subjects, while IBD and healthy subjects did not differ on dysfunctional attitudes. Conclusions: GI patient status is associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, in addition IBS patients have more severe depressive symptoms and depressogenic dysfunctional attitudes. The fact that functional GI patients are characterized by more severe psychological, but not social parameters, supports the hypothesis that IBS might be related to the range of depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Stressful Life Events And Anxiety During The Period Of Adolescence

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Gordana Stankovska ◽  
Fadbi Osmani ◽  
Svetlana Pandilovska Grncarovska ◽  
Slagana Angelkoska
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
The Self ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between stressful life events and anxiety during the period of adolescence. It is known that stressful life events are commonly studied risk and environmental factors in the development of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence. In addition, physical and psychological symptoms of anxiety are often associated with stressful life events. These events are related to the different experiences of conflict and disrupted communication in the family. Subsequently, these events directly or indirectly affect the self-esteem and the self-image of adolescents during the period of adolescence. This research starts with the assumption that stressful life events predicted anxiety during the period of adolescence. Another assumption, in this research, is that females have higher level of anxiety compared with males. This study was conducted on a sample of 160 participants (80 girls and 80 boys) students in the fourth year of secondary school. The instruments used in the research include: scale of stressful life events for children and adolescents – Stress-D, and the Scale for anxiety for children and adolescents – SCAD-62. The results showed that stressful life events were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms (r= .962, p<.01). Also, the symptoms of anxiety are closely associated with medical (F,24,135= .871, p<.05) and family stressful events (F,24,135= 2.017, p<.05). There were significant relationship between medical stressful life events and gender (p= .045), and social stressful life events and gender (p= .001). On the other hand, there was a negative correlation between academic stressful life events and gender (p= .944), and family stressful life events and gender (p= .564). In conclusion, the results of the study show that females have higher level of anxiety compared with males (r= .985, p<.01). The results show that there is a significant relationship between specific types of stressful life events, including those related to physical health and family which discord the anxiety during the period of adolescence.

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