A Self-Powered Nanogenerator for the Electrical Protection of Integrated Circuits from Trace Amounts of Liquid

Abstract With the increase in the use of electronic devices in many different environments, a need has arisen for an easily implemented method for the rapid, sensitive detection of liquids in the vicinity of electronic components. In this work, a high-performance power generator that combines carbon nanoparticles and TiO2 nanowires has been fabricated by sequential electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of a single generator are found to exceed 0.7 V and 100 μA when 6 μL of water was applied. The generator is also found to have a stable and reproducible response to other liquids. An output voltage of 0.3 V was obtained after 244, 876, 931, and 184 μs, on exposure of the generator to 6 μL of water, ethanol, acetone, and methanol, respectively. The fast response time and high sensitivity to liquids show that the device has great potential for the detection of small quantities of liquid. In addition, the simple easily implemented sequential EPD method ensures the high mechanical strength of the device. This compact, reliable device provides a new method for the sensitive, rapid detection of extraneous liquids before they can impact the performance of electronic circuits, particularly those on printed circuit board.

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A naphthodithiophene-based nonfullerene acceptor for high-performance polymer solar cells with a small energy loss

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d0tc00270d ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (19) ◽

pp. 6513-6520 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xingliang Dong ◽

Qing Guo ◽

Qi Liu ◽

Lei Zhu ◽

Xia Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Open Circuit Voltage ◽

Polymer Solar Cells ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Small Energy ◽

High Performance Polymer ◽

Nonfullerene Acceptor

A new non-fullerene acceptor named NTO-4F is developed. The optimal PSC based on PM6:NTO-4F achieves a PCE of 11.5% with simultaneously high open-circuit voltage of 0.99 V and short-circuit current density of 19.1 mA cm−2.

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Electrodeposition Combination with Hydrothermal Preparation of ZnO Films and Their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2014/820708 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Xiaoping Zou ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Cuiliu Wei ◽

Zongbo Huang ◽

Xiangmin Meng

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Suitable Method ◽

Second Step ◽

Zno Films ◽

Hydrothermal Preparation ◽

Dye Sensitized ◽

Sensitized Solar Cells

A suitable method is necessary for the high performance of dyes-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this paper, photoanodes of DSSCs have been fabricated through electrodeposition and combination with hydrothermal method. The results of mix method showed better performance than the single one. After the second step electrodeposition, the ZnO films formed flack finally. With the increase of hydrothermal time, ZnO films become thicker and bigger, which can offer large surface area to absorb much more dyes. The short-circuit current (2.4 mA/cm2) and open-circuit voltage (0.67 V) were greater than the single one, alternating current impedance indicating that electrodeposition and hydrothermal mix are a more suitable method for high performance DSSCs. We expected to obtain higher conversion efficiency of DSSCs by this method.

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Iodide management in formamidinium-lead-halide–based perovskite layers for efficient solar cells

Science ◽

10.1126/science.aan2301 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 356 (6345) ◽

pp. 1376-1379 ◽

Cited By ~ 3378

Author(s):

Woon Seok Yang ◽

Byung-Wook Park ◽

Eui Hyuk Jung ◽

Nam Joong Jeon ◽

Young Chan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Deep Level ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Small Cells ◽

Iodide Ions

The formation of a dense and uniform thin layer on the substrates is crucial for the fabrication of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) containing formamidinium with multiple cations and mixed halide anions. The concentration of defect states, which reduce a cell’s performance by decreasing the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density, needs to be as low as possible. We show that the introduction of additional iodide ions into the organic cation solution, which are used to form the perovskite layers through an intramolecular exchanging process, decreases the concentration of deep-level defects. The defect-engineered thin perovskite layers enable the fabrication of PSCs with a certified power conversion efficiency of 22.1% in small cells and 19.7% in 1-square-centimeter cells.

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A Soft Wearable and Full Textile Piezoresistive Sensor for Plantar Pressure Capturing

10.21203/rs.3.rs-115752/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yongsong Tan ◽

Kamen Ivanov ◽

Zhanyong Mei ◽

Hui Li ◽

Ludwig Lubich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plantar Pressure ◽

Printed Circuit Board ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Fast Response ◽

Circuit Board ◽

Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽

Piezoresistive Sensor ◽

Flexible Printed Circuit ◽

Circuit Electrode ◽

Force Range

Abstract The trends of health wearable monitoring system have led to growing demands for gait capturing device. The comfortability and durability under repeated stress in the existing sensor-enabled footwear are still problems. Herein, a flexible textile piezoresistive sensor (TPRS) consisting of rG-cotton fabric electrode and Ag fabric circuit electrode is prepared. Based on the mechanical and electrical properties of two fabric electrodes, the TPRS exhibits superior sensing performance, which includes high sensitivity of 3.96kPa-1 in the lower pressure range of 0-36kPa, wide force range (0-800 kPa), fast response time (170 ms), remarkable durability stability (1000 cycles) and dection ability in differrent pressures. For practical application of capturing plantar pressure, six TPRSs are mounted on a flexible printed circuit board and integrated into an insole. The dynamic plantar pressure distribution is displayed through drawing the pressure maps during walking. The proposed full textile piezoresistive sensor is a strong candidate for next-generation plantar pressure wearables monitoring device.

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Improve the Performance of Mechanoelectrical Transduction of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites Based on Ordered Nafion Nanofibres by Electrospinning

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym10070803 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 803 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yang Zhao ◽

Jiazheng Sheng ◽

Di Xu ◽

Minzhong Gao ◽

Qinglong Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Circuit ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Load Resistance ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Mechanoelectrical Transduction ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Self Powered

An ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) is a kind of soft material. The applications of IPMC in actuators, environmental sensing, and energy harvesting are currently increasing rapidly. In this study, an ordered Nafion nanofibre mat prepared by electrospinning was used to investigate the characteristics of the mechanoelectrical transduction of IPMC. The morphologies of the Nafion nanofibre mat were characterized. The proton conductivity, ion exchange capacities, and water uptake potential of the Nafion nanofibre mat were compared to traditional IPMC, respectively. A novel mechanism of Nafion nanofibre IPMC was designed and the open circuit voltage and short circuit current were measured. The maximum voltage value reached 100 mv. The output power was 3.63 nw and the power density was up to 42.4 μW/Kg under the load resistance. The Nafion nanofibre mat demonstrates excellent mechanoelectrcical transduction behavior compared to traditional IPMC and could be used for the development of self-powered devices in the future.

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Improving the Morphology of the Perovskite Absorber Layer in Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Halide Perovskite MAPbI3 Solar Cells

Journal of Solar Energy ◽

10.1155/2017/8549847 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. J. Ogundana ◽

S. Y. Foo

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Perovskite Layer ◽

Large Variability

Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent power conversion efficiency, low cost, simple fabrications, and high photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the perovskite solar cells are lightweight and possess thin film and semitransparency. However, the nonuniformity in perovskite layer constitutes a major setback to the operation mechanism, performance, reproducibility, and degradation of perovskite solar cells. Therefore, one of the main challenges in planar perovskite devices is the fabrication of high quality films with controlled morphology and least amount of pin-holes for high performance thin film perovskite devices. The poor reproducibility in perovskite solar cells hinders the accurate fabrication of practical devices for use in real world applications, and this is primarily as a result of the inability to control the morphology of perovskites, leading to large variability in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells. Hence, the focus of research in perovskites has been mostly geared towards improving the morphology and crystallization of perovskite absorber by selecting the optimal annealing condition considering the effect of humidity. Here we report a controlled ambient condition that is necessary to grow uniform perovskite crystals. A best PCE of 7.5% was achieved along with a short-circuit current density of 15.2 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.81 V, and a fill factor of 0.612 from the perovskite solar cell prepared under 60% relative humidity.

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Influence of Anodization Time on Photovoltaic Performance of DSSCs Based on TiO2 Nanotube Array

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2016/4651654 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jinghua Hu ◽

Shiwu Hu ◽

Yingping Yang ◽

Shengqiang Tong ◽

Jiejie Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Double Layer ◽

High Performance ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Photoelectric Conversion ◽

Nanotube Array ◽

Anodization Time

Highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT arrays) were fabricated by two-step anodization process. In order to further improve the performance of DSSCs, TNT arrays were optimized by changing the anodization conditions to meet the requirements of high-performance photoanode. The photoelectric conversion properties of DSSCs based on P25/TNT arrays double-layer film with different anodization time were investigated and compared. The results show that the conversion efficiency of 4.20% was achieved in double-layer photoanode at 18 h, with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.65 V and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 9.98 mA cm−2.

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High-performance self-powered deep ultraviolet photodetector based on MoS2/GaN p–n heterojunction

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c7tc04754a ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 299-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Ranran Zhuo ◽

Yuange Wang ◽

Di Wu ◽

Zhenhua Lou ◽

Zhifeng Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Uv Light ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Fast Response ◽

Ultraviolet Photodetector ◽

High Responsivity ◽

Deep Ultraviolet ◽

Deep Uv ◽

Specific Detectivity ◽

Self Powered

Self-powered MoS2/GaN p–n heterojunction photodetectors exhibited high sensitivity to deep-UV light with high responsivity, specific detectivity and fast response speeds.

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Self-Powered Acceleration Sensor Based on Multilayer Suspension Structure and TPU-RTV Film for Vibration Monitoring

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11102763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2763

Author(s):

Xiaotao Han ◽

Qiyuan Zhang ◽

Junbin Yu ◽

Jinsha Song ◽

Zhengyang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Circuit ◽

Mechanical Vibration ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Vibration Monitoring ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽

Acceleration Sensor ◽

Vibration Acceleration ◽

Self Powered ◽

Suspension Structure

In this paper, we designed a triboelectric acceleration sensor with excellent multiple parameters. To more easily detect weak vibrations, the sensor was founded on a multilayer suspension structure. To effectively improve the electrical properties of the sensor, a surface roughening and internal doping friction film, which was refined with a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV) and some thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) powder in a certain proportion, was integrated into the structure. It was found that the optimization of the RTV film increases the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) by 223% and 227%, respectively. When the external vibration acceleration is less than 4 m/s2, the sensitivity and linearity are 1.996 V/(m/s2) and 0.999, respectively. Additionally, when it is in the range between 4 m/s2 and 15 m/s2, those are 23.082 V/(m/s2) and 0.975, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor was placed in a simulated truck vibration environment, and its self-powered monitoring ability validated by experiments in real time. The results show that the designed sensor has strong practical value in the field of monitoring mechanical vibration acceleration.

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Multiferroic oxide BFCNT/BFCO heterojunction black silicon photovoltaic devices

Light Science & Applications ◽

10.1038/s41377-021-00644-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kaixin Guo ◽

Xu Wang ◽

Rongfen Zhang ◽

Zhao Fu ◽

Liangyu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Double Perovskite ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Black Silicon ◽

Photovoltaic Devices ◽

Photovoltaic Properties ◽

Carrier Separation

AbstractMultiferroics are being studied increasingly in applications of photovoltaic devices for the carrier separation driven by polarization and magnetization. In this work, textured black silicon photovoltaic devices are fabricated with Bi6Fe1.6Co0.2Ni0.2Ti3O18/Bi2FeCrO6 (BFCNT/BFCO) multiferroic heterojunction as an absorber and graphene as an anode. The structural and optical analyses showed that the bandgap of Aurivillius-typed BFCNT and double perovskite BFCO are 1.62 ± 0.04 eV and 1.74 ± 0.04 eV respectively, meeting the requirements for the active layer in solar cells. Under the simulated AM 1.5 G illumination, the black silicon photovoltaic devices delivered a photoconversion efficiency (η) of 3.9% with open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) of 0.75 V, 10.8 mA cm−2, and 48.3%, respectively. Analyses of modulation of an applied electric and magnetic field on the photovoltaic properties revealed that both polarization and magnetization of multiferroics play an important role in tuning the built-in electric field and the transport mechanisms of charge carriers, thus providing a new idea for the design of future high-performance multiferroic oxide photovoltaic devices.

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