scholarly journals Trend Analysis and Simulation of Human Vulnerability Based on Physical Factors of Riverbank Erosion Using RS and GIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayabur Rashid Chowdhury ◽  
Zia Ahmed ◽  
Sabina Islam ◽  
Shetu Akter ◽  
Shrinidhi Ambinakudige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Query Language ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
The United States ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Vulnerable Households

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the pattern of bank erosion and simulate the physical aspects of vulnerability in the lower Meghna River, Bangladesh using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS). The physical factors of vulnerability were analyzed using GIS-based Structured Query Language (SQL). A questionnaire survey, GPS survey and field observation survey were conducted for collecting the primary data in the study area. The secondary data were mainly satellite image collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) website. Using time series Landsat images (MSS, TM and OLI-TIRS), this study analyzed 36 years of erosion and accretion process in the Mehendiganj Upazila region from 1980 to 2016. The result indicates that an enormous amount of land (4470.47 ha) was submerged by the river and average land loss rate was 124.18 ha/year. The study quantifies the number of vulnerable households beneath the present condition and how much it will be altered after a positive/negative change with the factors of vulnerability related to the households. Simulation data reveals that under the present physical condition, 43.88% of households were identified as severely vulnerable. The output of this study can be used in the classification of vulnerable households and for the improvement of the physical infrastructure development process near the erosion prone areas, also helps to mitigate environmental disaster in the developing countries.

scholarly journals Habitat Suitability Assessment of Wintering Herbivorous Anseriformes in Poyang Lake, China

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Megersa Tsegaye Debela ◽  
Qingming Wu ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Xueying Sun ◽  
Opelele Omeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Suitability Assessment ◽  
Study Results

To design a good conservation strategy for herbivorous Anseriformes wintering in Poyang Lake, knowledge of habitat suitability is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the habitat suitability of herbivorous Anseriformes of China’s Poyang Lake. Landsat images with a resolution of 30 m downloaded from the United States Geological Survey, and other ancillary data were used. The ENVI 5.3 software and ArcGIS 10.2 software were used for preprocessing, classifying the satellite image, and mapping habitat suitability. The study reveals that land cover types were divided into vegetation, mudflats, water, and sand. Similarly, the study area’s habitats were also divided into unsuitable, fair, good, and best grades. However, the distribution of the habitat suitability for each grade reveals significant spatial variations. For instance, vegetation indicated the areas with the best habitat grade, followed by mudflats, and these areas cover (47.93%, 2015 and 55.78%, 2019) the majority of the study area. The unsuitable grades cover the smallest areas (0.48%) of the lake. Similarly, this study results showed a slight change in habitat suitability areas. Therefore, this study highlighted that Poyang Lake has valuable importance for the conservation of herbivorous Anseriformes. Extending the years of study and including some ecological variables from different stopovers could improve the results.

scholarly journals GPS Derived Seismic Signals for Far Field Earthquake Epicenter Location Estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Sha’ameri A.Z. ◽  
Wan Aris W.A. ◽  
Musa T.A.
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
Seismic Signal ◽  
The United States ◽  
Location Estimation ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Epicenter Location

A reliable epicenter estimation method is proposed for Global Positioning System (GPS) derived seismic signal for far-field regional earthquake. The main contribution is the use of time-frequency analysis to estimate the time of arrival (TOA) using multilateration technique. The data from the 2004 Sumatra Andaman earthquake captured from four GPS continuously operating reference stations (GPS CORS) were used in the analysis. To validate the accuracy of the proposed method, the estimated epicenter location was compared with the data released by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The estimated location shows an error of about 0.0572 degrees in latitude and 0.2848 degrees in longitude. The proposed analysis method could complement existing seismometer measurements, improve in understanding of geo-seismic phenomena, and plan future infrastructure development.

scholarly journals Local Search for Optimal Global Map Generation Using Mid-Decadal Landsat Images

AI Magazine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Khatib ◽  
Robert A. Morris ◽  
John Gasch
Keyword(s):  
Local Search ◽  
The United States ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Map Generation ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Generation Problem

NASA and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) are collaborating to produce a global map of the Earth using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) remote sensor data from the period of 2004 through 2007. The map is comprised of thousands of scene locations and, for each location, there are tens of different images of varying quality to chose from. Constraints and preferences on map quality make it desirable to develop an automated solution to the map generation problem. This paper formulates a Global Map Generator problem as a Constraint Optimization Problem (GMG-COP) and describes an approach to solving it using local search. The paper also describes the integration of a GMG solver into a graphical user interface for visualizing and comparing solutions, thus allowing for solutions to be generated with human participation and guidance.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis of land use dynamics and its potential indications on land surface temperature in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 180661 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Ogunjobi ◽  
Y. Adamu ◽  
A. A. Akinsanola ◽  
I. R. Orimoloye
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat Images

Land use change is the main driving force of global environmental change and is considered as most central to various debates on sustainable development. Even though a large volume of literature materials is available on land use/land cover change for many areas, very little work has been done on land use and its implications on land surface thermal characteristics over the Sokoto area of Nigeria, despite the strategic importance of the zone, including urbanization, increased population as well as the climate in the area, which is dominated by warm harmattan wind blowing Sahara dust inland. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the implications of urban growth on temporal variations of land surface temperature (LST) using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques over Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria between 1986 and 2016. The change detection of each land use class was carried out for each period using Landsat images obtained from the archives of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The results revealed that the area has undergone a drastic transformation where built-up area witnessed changes at 10.77%, farmland and vegetation increased at the rate of 0.72% and 2.15%, respectively, for the period of study (1986–2016). While bare soil and water body decreased at the rate of 0.56% and 1.11%, respectively, during the study period. This shows that there exists a transformation from bare surface (desert) to vegetated surface especially between years 2009 and 2016. The LST of Sokoto Metropolis was calculated from the satellite data, and the land surface temperature of each land use class was assessed for the study period. The maximum LST of Sokoto was 30.6°C, 32.8°C and 34.6°C for 1986, 1999 and 2016, respectively. This study has revealed the existence of a positive relationship between built-up area and LST over the area. This development might be as a result of anthropogenic activities through urban growth coupled with its potential impacts on urban climate. These are intensified by constant changes of the space, causing imbalance in the interactions between surface and atmosphere which may be extensively influenced or modified by various forms of land use.

scholarly journals Impact of human and environmental interactions on flooding incident in the Jeneberang River South Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012105
Author(s):  
St. Khadijah Munirah Wahid ◽  
Daud Malalassam ◽  
Roland A. Barkey ◽  
Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Human interaction with the environment due to negative impacts. This can be seen, among others, in the interaction of the community with the environment in the Jeneberang watershed area, South Sulawesi Province, which has an impact in the form of flood events. This paper aims to determine the extent of the impact of human and environmental interactions on flooding in the area. The study was carried out through several studies and studies on human interactions and the natural environment in the Jeneberang watershed, literature studies, reviewing and concluding various journals, as well as collecting data through analysis of maps and secondary data from relevant agencies and primary data from the community as the main actors. The results of the study indicate that human interaction with the environment in the Jeneberang watershed has an impact in the form of flooding because the Jeneberang watershed management activities have not been optimally integrated, which are indicated by: 1. Watershed characteristics are not taken into account in infrastructure development. 2. There is still limited understanding of land-use communities about the characteristics of rainfall and surface runoff, as well as their relation to landslides and sedimentation, 3. The influence of mining activities on river flow narrowing and dam silting is not taken into account, and 4. The occurrence of vegetation degradation in downstream. In order to optimize flood control efforts in the Jeneberang river, it is necessary to carry out integrated management of the Jeneberang watershed by integrating all activities in all sectors. Planning for flood control and environmental conservation in general needs to really consider physical factors in the form of climate, hydrology, geology, tectonics, in addition to vegetation, management, technology, and socio-economic and cultural factors. Communities need to be motivated to continue trying to increase their income and welfare, accompanied by efforts to increase understanding and awareness of the importance of maintaining and preserving the environment, through diversifying livelihoods and utilizing natural resources and land that always prioritizes conservation aspects.

scholarly journals The Application of GIS and Remote Sensing in a Spatiotemporal Analysis of Coastline Retreat in Rufisque, Senegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-80
Author(s):  
Cheikh Tidiane Koulibaly ◽  
Johnson O. Ayoade
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Analysis System

This paper is aimed at analyzing the phenomenon of shoreline retreat in the locality of Rufisque from 1978 to 2018 mainly using geospatial data and field visits. A set of Landsat images from different dates at 10 year intervals was then acquired through the United States Geological Survey platform and shoreline change analysis was run using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System. In addition to that desktop work, interactions with local residents allowed the determination of ongoing adaptation strategies actually in place to cope with coastal erosion. The study showed that Rufisque is subject to serious rates of erosion reaching −19.48 m/year from 1978–1988, close to −8 m/year from 1988–1998, −5.88 m/year from 1998–2008 and −6.67 m/year from 2008–2018. Beside that coastal erosion, it has been noticed that the coastline also experienced in some of its parts cases of accretion reaching 4.94 m/year for 1988–1998, 7.29 m/year from 1998–2008 and 7.68 m/year during the period 2008–2018. In terms of surfaces, Rufisque’ shoreline respectively lost 156.81 ha (1978–1988), 80.55 ha (1988–1998), 6.94 ha (1998–2008), 12.93 ha (2008–2018) and in the same note gained 2.86 ha (1988–1998), 32.51 ha (1998–2008) and 19.16 ha (2008–2018) attesting to the fact that the coastline is subject to both spatiotemporal changes. Finally, this study also reveals that while authorities’ reaction is taking place at much lower pace, local communities are actually using their ingenuity to put in place strategies to tackle coastal erosion.

Landsat Images and Mosaics of Antarctica for Mapping and Glaciological Studies

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Williams ◽  
Jane G. Ferrigno ◽  
Tina M. Kent ◽  
James W. Schoonmaker
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
The United States ◽  
Landsat Image ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Satellite Technology ◽  
Geological Survey Professional Paper ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Republic

The preparation of a US Geological Survey Professional Paper, “Satellite image atlas of glaciers”, has produced a 1:5 000 000 scale “Landsat index map of Antarctica”, in which each of the 2 470 Landsat nominal scene centers is represented by a symbol showing the suitability of available Landsat images for the preparation of planimetric image maps and for glaciological studies. Landsat has the potential for imaging about 79% of the area of Antarctica, and 70% of the Landsat imaging area, or about 55% of the continent, was found to have excellent or good (less than 10% cloud cover) coverage.Australia, Japan, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America have published Landsat image maps, either as single Landsat scenes or as mosaics of two or more images. The Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of South Africa also plan to publish Landsat image maps in the near future.Available Landsat images could be used, in combination with Doppler satellite technology for geodetic control, to triple the area of Antarctica presently mapped at scales of 1:250 000 or larger. Landsat-3 RBV images can also be used to prepare 1:100 000 scale image maps.In addition to eventually using Landsat images to compile an accurate coastline of Antarctica, Landsat images have been successfully used for glaciological studies. Recent measurements of successive images of Pine Island Glacier, Walgreen Coast, West Antarctica, showed an average speed of flow of the terminus of 6 m d−1over 750 d.

Landsat Images and Mosaics of Antarctica for Mapping and Glaciological Studies

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Williams ◽  
Jane G. Ferrigno ◽  
Tina M. Kent ◽  
James W. Schoonmaker
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
The United States ◽  
Landsat Image ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Satellite Technology ◽  
Geological Survey Professional Paper ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Republic

The preparation of a US Geological Survey Professional Paper, “Satellite image atlas of glaciers”, has produced a 1:5 000 000 scale “Landsat index map of Antarctica”, in which each of the 2 470 Landsat nominal scene centers is represented by a symbol showing the suitability of available Landsat images for the preparation of planimetric image maps and for glaciological studies. Landsat has the potential for imaging about 79% of the area of Antarctica, and 70% of the Landsat imaging area, or about 55% of the continent, was found to have excellent or good (less than 10% cloud cover) coverage.Australia, Japan, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America have published Landsat image maps, either as single Landsat scenes or as mosaics of two or more images. The Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of South Africa also plan to publish Landsat image maps in the near future.Available Landsat images could be used, in combination with Doppler satellite technology for geodetic control, to triple the area of Antarctica presently mapped at scales of 1:250 000 or larger. Landsat-3 RBV images can also be used to prepare 1:100 000 scale image maps.In addition to eventually using Landsat images to compile an accurate coastline of Antarctica, Landsat images have been successfully used for glaciological studies. Recent measurements of successive images of Pine Island Glacier, Walgreen Coast, West Antarctica, showed an average speed of flow of the terminus of 6 m d−1 over 750 d.

PERKEMBANGANKAWASAN PECINAN SEMARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Monica Latu Melati ◽  
Ariadne Kristia Nataya ◽  
Alfonsus Arianto Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
Observation Area ◽  
Cultural Artefact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special District

Abstract:Semarang Chinatown  is a special  district in Semarang City  known with its chineese culture, where chineese citizen of Semarang have been living  for centuries. The sustained chineese culture in this area makes Semarang Chinatwon as an urban heritage and cultural artefact in Semarang City. The aims for this paper are to investigate the factors shaping Chinatown Semarang, the development of Chinatown Semarang from time  to time, the urban form elements in Semarang Chinatown, and the correlation between morphological components of Semarang Chinatown. This writing use some review methods, first theoritical overview to get secondary data about physical or non-physical factors forming city, second observation area such as collecting photos and interviewing to get primary data. Data review analysis use qualitative data analysis which is configure with the problems and aims that have been appointed.Keywords:elements of urban form, morphological components, history of Semarang ChinatownAbstrak: Kawasan Pecinan Semarang adalah sebuah kawasan di kota Semarang yang sangat kental dengan budaya Tionghoa. Di sinilah warga keturunan Tionghoa sejak berabad-abad silam menetap di Semarang. Adanya budaya Tionghoa yang masih sangat terjaga menjadikan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang ini sebagai kawasan urban heritage dan artefact budaya di kota Semarang. Tujuan penulisan adalah untuk menemukan faktor pembentuk Kawasan Pecinan Semarang, mengetahui perkembangan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang dari masa ke masa, mengetahui pola bentuk dan elemen kawasan pada Kawasan Pecinan Semarang, serta mengetahui kaitan antara faktor pembentuk kawasan terhadap perkembangan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kajian berupa tinjauan teori untuk memperoleh data sekunder mengenai faktor-faktor pembentuk kota baik secara fisik maupun non fisik, serta observasi lapangan berupa pengumpulan foto yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara untuk memperoleh data primer. Analisis data kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yang disesuaikan dengan permasalahan dan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan.Kata kunci:Elemen Kawasan, Faktor Pembentuk Kawasan, PerkembanganSejarah Kawasan Pecinan Semarang

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