PERKEMBANGANKAWASAN PECINAN SEMARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Monica Latu Melati ◽  
Ariadne Kristia Nataya ◽  
Alfonsus Arianto Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
Observation Area ◽  
Cultural Artefact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special District

Abstract:Semarang Chinatown  is a special  district in Semarang City  known with its chineese culture, where chineese citizen of Semarang have been living  for centuries. The sustained chineese culture in this area makes Semarang Chinatwon as an urban heritage and cultural artefact in Semarang City. The aims for this paper are to investigate the factors shaping Chinatown Semarang, the development of Chinatown Semarang from time  to time, the urban form elements in Semarang Chinatown, and the correlation between morphological components of Semarang Chinatown. This writing use some review methods, first theoritical overview to get secondary data about physical or non-physical factors forming city, second observation area such as collecting photos and interviewing to get primary data. Data review analysis use qualitative data analysis which is configure with the problems and aims that have been appointed.Keywords:elements of urban form, morphological components, history of Semarang ChinatownAbstrak: Kawasan Pecinan Semarang adalah sebuah kawasan di kota Semarang yang sangat kental dengan budaya Tionghoa. Di sinilah warga keturunan Tionghoa sejak berabad-abad silam menetap di Semarang. Adanya budaya Tionghoa yang masih sangat terjaga menjadikan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang ini sebagai kawasan urban heritage dan artefact budaya di kota Semarang. Tujuan penulisan adalah untuk menemukan faktor pembentuk Kawasan Pecinan Semarang, mengetahui perkembangan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang dari masa ke masa, mengetahui pola bentuk dan elemen kawasan pada Kawasan Pecinan Semarang, serta mengetahui kaitan antara faktor pembentuk kawasan terhadap perkembangan Kawasan Pecinan Semarang. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kajian berupa tinjauan teori untuk memperoleh data sekunder mengenai faktor-faktor pembentuk kota baik secara fisik maupun non fisik, serta observasi lapangan berupa pengumpulan foto yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara untuk memperoleh data primer. Analisis data kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yang disesuaikan dengan permasalahan dan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan.Kata kunci:Elemen Kawasan, Faktor Pembentuk Kawasan, PerkembanganSejarah Kawasan Pecinan Semarang

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Proton Pump Inhibitor Jangka Panjang terhadap Sindrom Frailty pada Pasien Usia Lanjut

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Stephanie Dewi ◽  
Purwita W Laksmi ◽  
Ari Fahrial Syam ◽  
Esthika Dewiasty ◽  
Euphemia Seto
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Frailty Syndrome ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
History Of

Pendahuluan. Sindrom frailty berkaitan dengan angka morbiditas dan kematian yang lebih tinggi, sehingga dipakai sebagai prediktor kesehatan pada orang usia lanjut (usila). Polifarmasi sebagai salah satu faktor risiko sindrom frailty dapat berkaitan dengan obat Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) yang sering diberikan pada usila atas indikasi adanya keluhan gangguan saluran cerna bagian atas. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian yang mempelajari hubungan PPI jangka panjang dan sindrom frailty pada usila.Metode. Studi kasus kontrol pada pasien usila di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta. Kelompok kasus adalah usila terdiagnosis Frailty menurut FI-40 item dan kontrol adalah usila yang tidak frail berdasarkan instrumen yang sama. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari data sekunder status frailty berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya dan data rekam medis poliklinik Geriatri dan poliklinik diabetes RSCM.Hasil. Didapatkan 225 subjek (75 kasus: 150 kontrol), 59,6% berjenis kelamin perempuan (rerata usia 72,14 tahun; simpang baku ± 6,4 tathun) dan 47,1% berpendidikan tinggi. Subjek yang berpendidikan rendah, berstatus cerai mati, berstatus nutrisi lebih buruk, tidak mandiri, memerlukan caregiver, hidup tidak berkecukupan dan kondisi kesehatan yang lebih buruk lebih banyak didapatkan pada kelompok frail dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak frail. Proporsi pengguna PPI Jangka Panjang sebesar 40,9%. Penggunaan PPI jangka panjang meningkatkan risiko sindrom frailty (Crude OR 2,15; IK 95% 1,22- 3,78; p<0,007) dengan adjusted OR 1,83 (IK 1,0-3,36) terhadap variabel nutrisi dan merokok.Simpulan. Penggunaan PPI jangka panjang (≥ 6 bulan) secara independen meningkatkan salah satu risiko sindrom frailty pada usila.Kata Kunci: frailty, geriatri, proton pump inhibitor jangka panjang, usia lanjutThe Effect of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on Frailty Syndrome in Elderly PatientsIntroduction. Frailty syndrome, the newest elderly health predictor, associated with higher morbidity and mortality. PPI are often used in elderly due to presence of upper gastrointestinal complaints, and relates with polypharmacy as one of the risk factor for frailty syndrome. There is no study of the relationship between long term PPI use and frailty syndrome in elderly.Methods. A case control study included subjects 60 years and above with good cognitive status. All subjects with history of hypersensitivity of PPI were excluded. Elderly who were frail based on FI-40 item were defined as cases, while individuals that were not frail were classified as control. Primary data (included frailty status) was collected on March-June 2013 by Seto E and Sumantri S, et al. Secondary data used in this current study were gathered from the primary data of previous research and from the medical record taken from geriatric and diabetic outpatient clinics Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Results. There were 225 subjects collected (75 cases: 150 controls), 59,6% were female (mean age 72,14 years old, SD ± 6,4 years) and 47,1% with higher education. Lower education, divorced, poor nutrition, dependent, needed caregiver, economically insufficient, more comorbidity and poor health condition were seen in frail group. The proportion of long term PPI use were 40,9%. Long term PPI medication increased the risk of frailty syndrome (Crude OR 2,154; CI 95% 1,225-3,778; p<0,007) with adjusted OR 1,83 (CI 95% 1,02-3,37) after adjusting with nutrition and smoking variables.Conclusions. Long term use of PPI significantly increase the risk of frailty syndrome compared to the non-users.

ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN KERJA REKAM MEDIS DI RUMAH SAKIT PTPN VIII SUBANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
M Dana Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
A Value

Abstrak - Penelitian ini dibuat dengan didasarkan pada sebuah permasalahan terhadap faktor secara fisik di rumah sakit. Termasuk hal mengenai peralatan dan sarana prasarana kerja yang belum tertata dengan baik, temperatur ruangan tempat bekerja terasa panas dan tidak dingin, tempat bekerja yang kurang nyaman dan kondusif, terjadi kepadatan di lingkungan kerja, polusi suara yang tinggi menyebabkan kebisingan pada lingkungan kerja, luas ruangan kurang memadai yang mengakibatkan area perekam medis tersebut bekerja termasuk dalam beraktivitas berdampak buruk terhadap tingkat fokus bekerja tenaga perekam medis secara langsung. Pada akhirnya kenyamanan kerja tenaga perekam medis terganggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling bola salju dalam penentuan sampel serta memakai metode penelitian deskriptif dan verifikatif dalam pembahasan dan pengolahan penelitian. Data primer merupakan teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai dan juga teknik data sekunder. Penelitian ini menghasilkan informasi bahwa lingkungan bekerja, konsentrasi dan kenyamanan bekerja masuk dalam kategori cukup baik. Dari kegiatan wawancara dan kuesioner terhadap 9 sampel yang diuji melalui lembar study kasus, menghasilkan informasi bahwa secara bersama-sama lingkungan bekerja fisik mempunyai pengaruh yang positif serta signifikan terhadap kenyamanan kerja. Pengaruh lingkungan bekerja terhadap kepuasan bekerja diperoleh besaran nilai yaitu 66,7%, kemudian faktor lain yang juga mempengaruhi akan tetapi tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan besaran nilai 33,3%.  Abstract - This research was made based on a problem with physical factors in the hospital. Including matters regarding work equipment and infrastructure that have not been properly organized, the room temperature is hot and not cold, the work place is less comfortable and conducive, there is density in the work environment, high noise pollution causes noise in the work environment, the area of ​​the room inadequate which resulted in the location of the medical recorder working including in activities having a negative impact on the level of focus of the medical recorders work directly. In the end, the work comfort of the medical recorders was disrupted. This study uses snowball sampling techniques in determining the sample and uses descriptive and verification research methods in the discussion and research processing. Primary data is a data collection technique used as well as secondary data techniques. This research produces information that the work environment, concentration and work comfort are in the good enough category. From interviews and questionnaires to 9 samples tested through the case study sheet, it provides information that together the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on work comfort. The influence of the work environment on job satisfaction obtained a value of 66.7%, then other factors that also influence but are not discussed in this study show a value of 33.3%..

A case study of a non-profit organization in an emerging economy: O fonds in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-172
Author(s):  
Brent McKenzie ◽  
Emily Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
History Of

PurposeThe focus of this research is to present a case study of a small Latvian-based non-profit organization (NPO), O fonds (Oncology Foundation), and how they are an exemplar of the challenges facing NPOs in countries that do not have a strong history of NPO success. The research is supported through primary data collection of multiple interviews and correspondence with the key informant of O fonds, the CEO. These insights were supported with secondary data analysis of the history of NPOs in emerging markets, as well as the history of cancer screening in Latvia.Design/methodology/approachIn order to address the gap in the existing research literature, a single firm case analysis was selected to provide the context of the study. A series of semi-structured questions focused on O fonds branding and rebranding activities were posed to the CEO of the firm. Subsequent personal interviews were conducted to analyze and interpret the original results. This primary data were linked to secondary data about the practices of O fonds, NPOs in Latvia and the roles and challenges of NPOs in emerging markets.FindingsThe analysis of the findings from the primary data collection found that O fonds' rebranding effort helped to achieve a more stable and significant place for NPOs in the healthcare sector in Latvia and of equal importance with the Latvian general public. Tangible results included more financial support from donors, with an added benefit of increased joint marketing activities with corporate donors. Furthermore, active involvement with O fonds and medical professionals resulted from the rebrand. Also, there was an increase in referral patients to O fonds so they could attempt to get these people support for cancer screening.Research limitations/implicationsQuestions as to issues of validity from the use of a single case study, and greater issues with a single case, single interview method are acknowledged. This potential limitation, with respect to this study, was deemed to be lessened based on the use of multiple interviews and sourcing of secondary company material with the CEO of O fonds. Further support by way of sharing of a secondary data, and organizational insights helped to address any major limitations in the research methodology, as helpful information and materials that might not have been readily available, or unavailable without this level of trust, could be obtained.Practical implicationsExploring how NPOs can rebrand their firm to better meet the needs of society and be most impactful will contribute to both managerial practice and academic literature. By examining how a non-profit rebranding process occurs, in an emerging economy, and determining how effective rebranding can be utilized as a turnaround strategy, is a contribution of this research. Given the limited non-profit rebranding literature, particularly in emerging markets, this study provides exploratory insights within a new context to help propel the field of knowledge.Social implicationsNPOs have been shown to play a valuable role in communities across many regions of the world as NPOs enable citizens to come together to collectively work toward a common goal with the purpose of bettering society. With respect to the focus on O fonds their aim of increasing early detection of cancer continues to rise, but more positively, the incidents of treatable cancer are also rising as the result of the former. Regrettably, this positive trend in increased cancer screening does not equate to lower mortality rates across all countries, particularly countries in emerging markets such as Latvia.Originality/valueThis is one of the first known studies of an NPO in the emerging market of Latvia, in general, and in the Latvian healthcare sector specifically. As there is a dearth of research in this field of study, and the fact that NPO growth is a critical component of society growth in emerging markets, there is an important contribution to be made to both practice, and society, from the findings from this research.

scholarly journals How Can Local Government Sustain a Terminated National Development Project?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Satya Laksana ◽  
Fityan Aonillah ◽  
Rubi Azhara
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exit Strategies ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

The sixth of nine Indonesian national development agendas under the President Joko Widodo administration is to increase productivity and competitiveness, one of which is by the establishment of Techno Parks. The projects will be terminated in 2019; however, exit strategies that contribute to sustainable development have been rarely considered throughout the history of development studies and practice. This paper examines the concept of exit strategies within the context of a case study of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)-assisted project of the Tasikmalaya Techno Park (TP) from 2015-2019. It addresses two questions: (1) How has LIPI executed the TP project in Tasikmalaya throughout the period? (2) What is the recommended exit strategy for regional policymakers after project termination? To overview the implementation of TP activities, an internal- external analysis was conducted, and to formulate exit strategies, SWOT and QSPM were employed. Data were collected from July-September 2018, consisting of primary data collected from competent respondents by semi-structured and in-depth interviews selected by the purposive sampling method as well as secondary data compiled from relevant institutions. The conclusion is that the Tasikmalaya TP has five core businesses and its mission is to become a center for dissemination, technology transfer, and agribusiness incubator. The TP was present in quadrant I, meaning that aggressive strategies were recommended. There were four future management options and independent management was considered as the most appropriate. Its role should be more supported by middle- to long-term strategies and a well prepared legal system. Policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Mengenal Jejak Peninggalan Prabu Siliwangi di Kampung Adat Urug

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Firman Syah
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Tourism Destinations

The research activities carried out are of an inductive qualitative nature located in Urug Indigenous Village, Kiara Pandak Village, Sukajaya District, Bogor Regency, West Java. The informant chosen was Abah Ukat Raja Aya as a traditional figure. Primary data collected directly from informants in the form of questionnaires for direct interviews and supplemented by secondary data from literature studies.As a trace of the legacy of King Siliwangi, Urug Indigenous Village is one of the areas included in the category of cultural tourism destinations, namely the Ministry of Education and Culture with Cultural Institution Number: LK20181124000302 with the proposer being Abah Ukat Raja Aya. For this reason, this research was conducted to find out the history of the birth of the Urug Indigenous Village and the cultural model preserved by the Urug Indigenous Village.The results show that the history of the birth of the Urug Indigenous Village is derived from the word 'teacher', which is an acronym form of digugu and imitated meaning can be trusted and made a role model. As for the journey the origin of the teacher's name because it was deliberately hidden or disguised so as not to be known, the letter ‘g’ moved back to Urug. The cultural model preserved by the First Urug Indigenous Village in terms of hereditary leadership, the existence of a large house as a center of authority for traditional leadership, and the lives of people who have a livelihood from planting to harvesting rice.

scholarly journals Improving Financial Performance Using Capital Budgeting Method Towards Cleaner Eyewear Product: A Case Study of Nasho

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Mia Juliani ◽  
Raden Aswin Rahadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost

The purpose of this study was to know the factor that can be improved in the financial performance of Nasho. Nasho is a brand that focuses on offering products for eyeglass and helmet application that can be water, dew and dust repellent by utilizing the application of nanotechnology in the scope market of Bandung. However, to adapt the technology for Nasho is currently hampered by the limited capital to develop the technology itself. The company needs to manage the capital and minimize the cost to optimize the finance. The company needs to control the cost and expenses to avoid the high number of costs and expenses in terms of the development business stage. The research will use a qualitative approach by conducting interviews to Mr. Reza optics that will cooperate with Nasho to sell the product and use secondary data information from literature review, journal, books and primary data from financial history of Nasho and survey from the consumer of Nasho namely College student, Medical staff and Motorcycle riders and the components that are relevant to the conceptual framework. Survey used to get the consumer product and buying tendency information from Nasho’s consumer to validate the assumption of brand, price and buying intencity. Interview was conducted to get the suitable number of sales that are being used for cash flow forecasting scenario. The findings of this research is Nasho had low financial performance in the first two years of the business. After the evaluation, this can be improved by making a financial planning mix for short term and long term using the capital budgeting method in the form of three optimal scenarios of cash flow, Net Present Value (NPV), IRR and payback period that can be used as an optimal plan to run this business for the next five years.

scholarly journals Betawi Traditional Culinary; Reflection The History Of Jakarta (Formerly Known As Batavia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Dhian Tyas UNTARI ◽  
Ricky AVENZORA ◽  
Dudung DARUSMAN ◽  
Joko PRIHATNO ◽  
Harnios ARIEF
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Value Distribution ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Distribution Sensitivity

Abstract. Betawi is a native of Jakarta where once known as Batavia. The concept of modern society in Jakarta, shifting the traditional value of Betawi. So it is important to study about Betawi culinary; as a Betawi cultural product.  Research have the Two phases. The first phase to analyzing the potentials and the functions of Betawi Traditional Cuisines; have using secondary data and the second is to analyzing as well as testing the culinary socio-cultural representation in the community of the Special Capital District of Jakarta using the primary data. Geographically, the respondents will be taken from the five administrative areas of the Special Capital District of Jakarta (330 respondents in total). The assessment aspects in the representation test include; knowledge, uniqueness, originality, social value, distribution, sensitivity and seasonality

Political and Cultural Islam: A Historical Phenomenon in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-360
Author(s):  
Azis Arifin ◽  
Didin Saepudin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Online News ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Political ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Islamic Parties

This article aimed to reveal the periodization of political  and cultural Islam in Indonesia from time to time. In its development, political and cultural Islam had become an entity that hadattracted the attention of academics in Indonesia. Both types of Islam have always been part of the history of this nation. Therefore, the periodization of the rounds needs to be disclosed in a neat and measurable manner. This research was qualitative using a historical approach, and the existing data were presented in a descriptive analytical manner. The primary data of the research covered the statutes and bylaw of Islamic parties, such as Partai Syarikat Islam Indonesia (PSII), Masyumi Party, Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) and Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB), while the secondary data were documents of works of Indonesian authors, journals, and online news or articles. The results revealed that the periodization of Indonesian political and cultural Islam started from pre-independence to post-reformation. PSII, Masyumi Party, PPP, PKS and PBB respectively were examples of political Islam that were established in their era. Meanwhile, cultural Islam was patronized by Jam'iyyat al-Khair, Al-Irsyad, Muhammadiyah, Persis and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Both types and groups of the Islam basically had the same goal, namely to carry out Sharia. Therefore, for the political and cultural Islam, the power and sympathy of the people seemed to support the realization of this goal.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HEALTH SERVICES MAXIMUM SUPPLY IN JEMURSARI ISLAMIC HOSPITAL SURABAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Novia Dewi Putri Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
History Of

The importance of a health service  in calculating the maximum supply is to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. To achieve efficiency and effectiveness it is important to pay attention to the combination of Human Resources and other resources (Technology / Machinery). This study aims to determine the maximum capacity of services that can be provided in Medical Rehabilitation Poly, General Surgical Poly and Children Poly at Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya. This research is a type of descriptive observational research. The subjects in this study were Medical Rehabilitation Poly, General Surgery Poly and Children’s Poly at Jemursari Surabaya Hospital and the object in this study was the maximum supply in providing services in each poly. There are two data used, primary data and secondary data. Secondary data obtained from secondary data of each poly in RSI Jemursari Surabaya and primary data obtained from interviews through indepth interviews to nurses in Medical Rehabilitation Poly, General Surgery Poly and Children’s Poly. The maximum supply calculation results in  Medical Rehabilitation Poly amounted to 185 patients each day, when compared with the history of poly visit rates of 81%. The results of the maximum supply calculation in General Surgical Poliywere 40 patients each day, when compared with the history of poly visit rates of 112%. The results of the maximum supply calculation in the Children’s Poly were 40 (Room A) dan 80 (Room B) patients each day, when compared to the history of poly visit rates of 125% (Room A) and 62,5% (Room B).Keywords : Hospital, Maximum Supply, Health Service

scholarly journals Dispute Resolution in the Implementation of Mining Exploration in Sumbawa

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
H. S. Salim ◽  
I Nyoman Nurjaya ◽  
Muhammad Bakri ◽  
Anang Husni
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mining Exploration

Abstract The present study aims to comprehensively describe, interpret, and analyze (1) factors causing the dispute between people of Labangkar and Ropang Village, Ropang District, Sumbawa Regency and PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara, and (2) the pattern of dispute resolution between people of Labangkar and Ropang Village, Ropang District, Sumbawa Regency and PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara. The study focused on empirical legal research and implemented legal anthropology as the approach. This study was conducted at Ropang and Labangkar Village, Ropang District, Sumbawa Regency. It used 12 people as sample. The data were analyzed qualitatively. Primary data were collected through in-depth interview with respondents using interview guides and a tape recorder as the instrument. Secondary data were obtained by collecting documents, such as the agreements which have been made by the parties, the status of Elang Dodo forest area, as well as the history of the land in Elang Dodo.

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