Glucose metabolism disorders in patients with adrenal gland disorders: pathophysiology and management

HORMONES ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalliopi J. Ioakim ◽  
Guy I. Sydney ◽  
Stavroula A. Paschou
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Impact of Glucose Metabolism Disorders on IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sema Dogansen ◽  
Gulsah Yalin ◽  
Seher Tanrikulu ◽  
Sema Yarman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of glucose metabolism abnormalities and their impact on IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. Ninety-three patients with acromegaly (n=93; 52 males/41 females) were included in this study. Patients were separated into three groups such as; normal glucose tolerance (n=23, 25%), prediabetes (n=38, 41%), and diabetes mellitus (n=32, 34%). Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR > 2.5 or ≤2.5 were defined as insulin resistant or noninsulin resistant groups, respectively. Groups were compared in terms of factors that may be associated with glucose metabolism abnormalities. IGF-1% ULN (upper limit of normal)/GH ratios were used to evaluate the impact of glucose metabolism abnormalities on IGF-1 levels. Patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly older with an increased frequency of hypertension (p<0.001, p=0.01, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in prediabetes group than in normal glucose tolerance group (p=0.04). Similarly IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.04). Baseline and suppressed GH levels were significantly higher in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.024, p<0.001, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio is a useful marker indicating glucose metabolism disorders and IGF-1 levels might be inappropriately lower in acromegalic patients with insulin resistance or prediabetes. We suggest that IGF-1 levels should be re-evaluated after the improvement of insulin resistance or glycemic regulation for the successful management of patients with acromegaly.

Particle-bound PAHs induced glucose metabolism disorders through HIF-1 pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 149132
Author(s):  
Siqi Wu ◽  
Zhongli Chen ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Yulin Zhang ◽  
Xiaohe Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders

scholarly journals Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis – a case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Yang ◽  
Xudan Yang ◽  
Luping Wang ◽  
Jun Mo
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Dorsal Pancreas ◽  
Metabolism Disorder

Abstract Background Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP) is clinically rare, and it is usually accompanied by abdominal pain. Various disorders of glucose metabolism associating with ADP have been reported, but there are only two studies reporting a correlation between ADP and DKA in English literature. Case presentation We present a case of a patient with ADP accompanied by abdominal pain and diabetic ketoacidosis as the initial clinical presentation. A 30-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of recurrent onset of persistent mild epigastric pain, which worsen when eating. Laboratory tests revealed metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, and ketonuria. Phase contrast CT and MRCP showed the absence of the body and tail of the pancreas, as well as the dorsal pancreatic duct. The C-peptide release test indicated β-cell dysfunction. A combination therapy of insulin, pancreatic enzyme supplements, and mosapride citrate were administrated and the pain gradually resolved. Conclusions As glucose metabolism disorders can vary across different individuals, we advise clinicians to consider the diagnosis of ADP for a patient who presents with a glucose metabolism disorder accompanied by abdominal pain, pancreatitis or steatorrhea.

scholarly journals Glucose metabolism disorders in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Takahashi ◽  
Takayuki Okamoto ◽  
Yasuyuki Sato ◽  
Asako Hayashi ◽  
Yasuhiro Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome

Risk Factors for Glucose Metabolism Disorders After Kidney Transplantation With Uneventful Course

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2766-2768
Author(s):  
M. Krajewska ◽  
K. Madziarska ◽  
W. Weyde ◽  
O. Mazanowska ◽  
M. Kusztal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders

scholarly journals Therapy of acromegalic patients exacerbated by concomitant type 2 diabetes requires higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1 levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Droste ◽  
Julia Domberg ◽  
Michael Buchfelder ◽  
Klaus Mann ◽  
Anja Schwanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Worse Prognosis

ObjectiveAcromegaly is associated with an increased prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders. Clinically confirmed diabetes mellitus is observed in approximately one quarter of all patients with acromegaly and is known to have a worse prognosis in these patients.DesignOf 514 acromegalic patients treated with pegvisomant and recorded in the German Cohort of ACROSTUDY, 147 had concomitant diabetes mellitus. We analysed these patients in an observational study and compared patients with and without concomitant diabetes.ResultsUnder treatment with pegvisomant, patients with diabetes mellitus rarely achieved normalisation (64% in the diabetic cohort vs 75% in the non-diabetic cohort,P=0.04) for IGF1. Diabetic patients normalised for IGF1 required higher pegvisomant doses (18.9 vs 15.5 mg pegvisomant/day,P<0.01). Furthermore, those diabetic patients requiring insulin therapy showed a tendency towards requiring even higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1 values than diabetic patients receiving only oral treatment (22.8 vs 17.2 mg pegvisomant/day,P=0.11).ConclusionsHence, notable interdependences between the acromegaly, the glucose metabolism of predisposed patients and their treatment with pegvisomant were observed. Our data support recent findings suggesting that intra-portal insulin levels determine the GH receptor expression in the liver underlined by the fact that patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus, in particular those receiving insulin therapy, require higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1. It is therefore important to analyse various therapy modalities to find out whether they influence the associated diabetes mellitus and/or whether the presence of diabetes mellitus influences the treatment results of an acromegaly therapy.

scholarly journals Bicyclol Regulates Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxue Li ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Chengye Xu ◽  
Yuxin Hu ◽  
Xingyang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Liver Inflammation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Hepatic gluconeogenesis plays an important role in maintaining the body’s glucose metabolism homeostasis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases, when combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it can cause severe glucose metabolism disorders. Studies have confirmed that chronic liver inflammatory lesions are the basis of T2DM combined with NAFLD (T2DM–NAFLD), inhibiting liver inflammation can improve glucose metabolism disorders. It is essential to explore safe and effective drugs to inhibit liver inflammation to improve the body’s glucose metabolism disorders. Bicyclol is a biphenyl derivative that has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of bicyclol in T2DM–NAFLD were investigated, and T2DM–NAFLD with/without bicyclol treatment models were established. The results revealed that bicyclol alleviated fasting blood glucose, serum transaminase levels, insulin resistance, hepatic adipogenesis, lipid accumulation and markedly reduced T2DM–NAFLD rat histological alterations of livers. Not only that, bicyclol markedly attenuated T2DM–NAFLD induced production of inflammation factors (IL-1β and TNF-α). Moreover, bicyclol suppressed the expression of insulin/gluconeogenesis signaling pathway (Akt, PGC-1α and PEPCK). These findings suggested that bicyclol might be a potentially effective drug for the treatment of T2DM–NAFLD and other metabolic disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document