Future communication satellites: low cost reduction of technology obsolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele Periola ◽  
Louis Wei-Yu Feng
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals 207-nm UV Light - A Promising Tool for Safe Low-Cost Reduction of Surgical Site Infections. I: In Vitro Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e76968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Buonanno ◽  
Gerhard Randers-Pehrson ◽  
Alan W. Bigelow ◽  
Sheetal Trivedi ◽  
Franklin D. Lowy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Promising Tool

LOW COST FLOATING PRODUCTION FACILITY CONCEPTS FORTROPICAL WATERS

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
L.C. Rathie ◽  
G.F. Hogan ◽  
M.J. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Significant Cost Reduction ◽  
Boundary Limits ◽  
Area Development

A number of floating production facility concepts can be readily applied to the development of small and marginal oilfields in moderately deep tropical waters. These concepts can be used to extend the lives of existing mature fields. They can be deployed for a significant cost reduction compared with a conventional full field development provided that boundary limits for application of the concepts are not exceeded.Simple, standardised, reliable and proven equipment should be utilised that may be deployed in innovative ways. Wherever possible, existing equipment should be used and rented where this is economical.Marginal field projects should be managed and operated by small organisations competent in these activities to minimise overheads and maximise flexibility.An inter-field transfer approach (Ocean Truck) offers many options for developing a number of such projects as part of an area development strategy.Cooperation between operators, both as partners in a particular project and in different projects where the same facilities can be used sequentially or in parallel, can be an effective means to control costs and ensure that small oil accumulations are developed.

scholarly journals HIGROTERM: An Open-Source and Low-Cost Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System for Laboratory Applications

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Renan Rocha Ribeiro ◽  
Elton Bauer ◽  
Rodrigo Lameiras
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Bill Of Materials ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The University ◽  
Humidity Monitoring

Low-cost electronics developed on easy-to-use prototyping platforms, such as Arduino, are becoming increasingly popular in various fields of science. This article presents an open-source and low-cost eight-channel data-logging system for temperature and humidity monitoring based on DHT22 (AM2302) sensors, named HIGROTERM. The system was designed to solve real needs of the Laboratory of Material Testing of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Brasília. The system design, functionalities, hardware components, source code, bill of materials, assemblage and enclosure are thoroughly described to enable complete reproduction by the interested reader. The terminologies and instructions presented were simplified as much as possible to make it accessible to the greatest extent to researchers from different areas, especially those without electronics background. The data-acquisition system has an estimated total cost of USD 96.00, or USD 136.00 if eight sensor nodes are included, with a considerable margin for cost reduction. The authors expect that the HIGROTERM system may both be a valuable low-cost and customizable tool for the readers, as well a source of innovation and interest in low-cost electronics for real problem-solving in various fields of science.

scholarly journals Direct Isomaltulose Synthesis From Beet Molasses by Immobilized Sucrose Isomerase

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin-Qing Wang ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Jian-Hua Hao ◽  
Zai-Chao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Repeated Batch ◽  
Significant Cost Reduction ◽  
First Time ◽  
Repeated Batch Reaction ◽  
Sucrose Isomerase

Isomaltulose is becoming a focus as a functional sweetener for sucrose substitutes; however, isomaltulose production using sucrose as the substrate is not economical. Low-cost feedstocks are needed for their production. In this study, beet molasses (BM) was introduced as the substrate to produce isomaltulose for the first time. Immobilized sucrose isomerase (SIase) was proved as the most efficient biocatalyst for isomaltulose synthesis from sulfuric acid (H2SO4) pretreated BM followed by centrifugation for the removal of insoluble matters and reducing viscosity. The effect of different factors on isomaltulose production is investigated. The isomaltulose still achieved a high concentration of 446.4 ± 5.5 g/L (purity of 85.8%) with a yield of 0.94 ± 0.02 g/g under the best conditions (800 g/L pretreated BM, 15 U immobilized SIase/g dosage, 40°C, pH of 5.5, and 10 h) in the eighth batch. Immobilized SIase used in repeated batch reaction showed good reusability to convert pretreated BM into isomaltulose since the sucrose conversion rate remained 97.5% in the same batch and even above 94% after 11 batches. Significant cost reduction of feedstock costs was also confirmed by economic analysis. The findings indicated that this two-step process to produce isomaltulose using low-cost BM and immobilized SIase is feasible. This process has the potential to be effective and promising for industrial production and application of isomaltulose as a functional sweetener for sucrose substitute.

scholarly journals Remote Delivery of Video Services over Video Links

2012 ◽  
pp. 230-250
Author(s):  
Jesús M. Barbero
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Media ◽  
Video Services ◽  
Video And Audio

The spreading of new systems of broadcasting and distribution of multimedia content has had as a consequence a larger need for aggregation of data and metadata to traditionally based contents of video and audio supply. Broadcasting chains of this type of channels have become overwhelmed by the quantity of resources, infrastructures, and development needed for these channels to provide information. In order to avoid this kind of shortcoming, several recommendations and standards have been created to exchange metadata between production and distribution of taped programs. The problem lies in live programs; producers sometimes offer data to channels, but most often, channels are not able to face required developments. The key to this problem is cost reduction. In this work, a study is conducted on added services which producers may provide to the media about content; a system is found by which additional communication expenses are not made, and a model of information transfer is offered which allows low cost developments to supply new media platforms.

Progress in the Development of a Low Cost 1MW SOFC Hybrid

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry D. Agnew ◽  
James Townsend ◽  
Robert R. Moritz ◽  
Michele Bozzolo ◽  
Steve Berenyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plant Components

Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems (RRFCS) is developing a low cost 1MW fuel cell hybrid system package, supported by a prototype demonstration of a 250kW module in 2006. This paper describes the detailed design process that has been carried out to produce the fuel cell stack, tailored turbo-machinery and other plant components for this hybrid. Progress in demonstrating components is described. Component interfacing, operability and control challenges have been assessed prior to assembly of the complete system and are reviewed. The baseline plant will be highly efficient compared to incumbent power generation technologies but is primarily optimised around cost-reduction. Evolution of the product will include opportunities for further increases in efficiency and power density. Opportunities for improvement are discussed.

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