scholarly journals Contaminants and heavy metals along the mangrove area of Dongzhai Harbor, China: distribution and assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Thiri Myat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Factor Index ◽  
Trophic Level Index

AbstractIn recent decades, higher-place shrimp ponds are prevalent in coastal areas of developing countries. However, shrimp aquaculture has a growing negative impact on mangrove wetland ecosystems. Mangroves located in Dongzhai harbor are under threat continuously of this commercialization. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of contaminants and heavy metals is necessary for Dongzhai harbor, considering the mangrove area was declined and ecological services offered to the coastal communities with an insight for future restoration activities. In this study, pond effluents (Total Nitrogen (TN), Ammonia Nitrogen (AN), Total phosphorus (TP), Chemical Oxygen Demond (COD)) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) were monitored in Dongzhai harbor yearly between 2013 and 2017. The results showed that the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were far lower than the standards. However, the main contaminants were organic matter and nitrogen. Maximum values of COD and TN were 26.10 mg·L−1 and 1.34 mg·L−1, respectively in 2017. Single factor index, Nemerow's pollution index, and Trophic level index revealed that the heavily polluted areas were Tashi and Sanjiang town.

Environment Quality Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of Shilou Town in Fangshan District of Beijing

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1658-1664
Author(s):  
Ping Han ◽  
Xiao Yuan Feng ◽  
Ji Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Beijing Area ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Factor Index

Concentration of 7 heavy metals in 269 topsoil samples were determined which collected from Shilou town of Fangshan district in Beijing, and the data was analyzed by the single factor index and the Nemerow index for the soil environment quality evaluation. The mean values of the heavy metals were 8.24 ± 1.42, 0.209 ± 0.07, 62.99 ±8.89, 0.133 ± 0.11, 25.29 ± 5.02, 23.91 ± 5.72 and 86.29 ± 28.13 mg kg-1 for As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively. Average concentration of As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn exceeded the background value of Beijing area. It was found that all heavy metals were not in normal distribution. The soil environment quality was evaluated by single factor pollution index and Nemerow index of heavy metals. The order of single factor index was Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu, Cr, Pb, As in decreasing. Average Nemerow index of soil was 0.918. This value was reached to the grade III standard of soil environmental quality assessment classification.

Distribution and Contamination Status of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments along Western Coast of Bali Strait, Banyuwangi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Defri Yona ◽  
Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari ◽  
Anedathama Kretarta ◽  
Citra Ravena Putri Effendy ◽  
Misba Nur Aini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

This study attempted to analyze the distribution and contamination status of heavy metals (Cu, Fe and Zn) along western coast of Bali Strait in Banyuwangi, East Java. Bali Strait is one of the many straits in Indonesia with high fisheries activities that could potentially contributed to high heavy metal pollution. There were five sampling areas from the north to south: Pantai Watu Dodol, Pantai Kalipuro, Ketapang Port, Pantai Boom and Muncar as the fish landing area. Heavy metal pollution in these locations comes from many different activities such as tourism, fish capture and fish industry and also domestic activities. Contamination factor (CF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) of each heavy metal were calculated to obtain contamination status of the research area. The concentrations of Fe were observed the highest (1.5-129.9 mg/kg) followed by Zn (13.2-23.5 mg/kg) and Cu (2.2-7.8 mg/kg). The distribution of Cu, Fe and Zn showed variability among the sampling locations in which high concentrations of Cu and Zn were higher in Ketapang Port, whereas high concentration of Fe was high in almost all sampling locations. According to the pollution index, contamination factors of Cu, Fe and Zn were low (CF < 1 and Igeo < 1). However, high index of EF (> 50) showed high influence of the anthropogenic activities to the contribution of the metals to the environment. This could also because of the high background value used in the calculation of the index due to the difficulties in finding background value from the sampling areas.Keywords: heavy metals, pollution index, contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, Bali Strait

scholarly journals Source and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil–Ginger System in the Jing River Basin of Shandong Province, North China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Songtao Wang ◽  
Zongjun Gao ◽  
Yuqi Zhang ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
Zhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cr Content

This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in a soil–ginger system and assessed their health risks. To this end, 321 topsoil samples and eight soil samples from a soil profile, and 18 ginger samples with root–soil were collected from a ginger-planting area in the Jing River Basin. The average concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil followed the order: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. In the soil profile, at depths greater than 80 cm, the contents of Cr, Ni, and Zn tended to increase with depth, which may be related to the parent materials, whereas As and Cu contents showed little change. In contrast, Pb content decreased sharply from top to bottom, which may be attributable to external environmental and anthropogenic factors. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd contents in soil are affected by natural sources, Pb and As contents are significantly affected by human activities, and Hg content is affected by farmland irrigation. Combined results of the single pollution index (Pi), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and potential ecological risk assessment (Ei and RI) suggest that soil in the study area is generally not polluted by heavy metals. In ginger, Zn content was the highest (2.36 mg/kg) and Hg content was the lowest (0.0015 mg/kg). Based on the bioconcentration factor, Cd and Zn have high potential for enrichment in ginger. With reference to the limit of heavy metals in tubers, Cr content in ginger exceeds the standard in the study area. Although Cr does not accumulate in ginger, Cr enrichment in soil significantly increases the risk of excessive Cr content in ginger.

Water-Quality Assessment of Lv-Tang River in Zhanjiang, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Yun Liu ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Xiao Jian Liang ◽  
Yan Peng Lin ◽  
Rong Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
National Quality

Based on the water quality investigation data of December in 2010, the water environment quality of Lv-tang River in Zhanjiang national urban wetland park was assessed using single water quality parameter model and integrated water quality index model. The results show that the water quality of Lv-tang River is worse than the national quality standards for Grade V. The water is polluted seriously. The main pollutants are total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand CODCr with their average concentrations of 60.49 mg/L, 30.57 mg/L and 227.38mg/L, respectively. The averages of their single parameter pollution index are 30.25 , 19.79 and 8.74. The average of single parameter pollution index of the river is 8.23 which indicated that the river belongs to heavy pollution zone. The integrated water quality index was 22.5 showing that the river belongs to serious pollution zone.

scholarly journals Review of Heavy Metals Pollution in China in Agricultural and Urban Soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshetu Shifaw
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Soil Toxicity

Background. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil and potential risks to the environment and public health are receiving increased attention in China. Objectives. The objective of this paper is to review and analyze heavy metals soil contamination in urban and agricultural areas and on a national scale in China. Methods. Initially, data on soil heavy metals concentration levels were gathered from previous studies and narratively analyzed. A further statistical analysis was performed using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI), mean, standard deviation (SD), skewness and kurtosis. Pollution levels were calculated and tabulated to illustrate overall spatial variations. In addition, pollution sources, remedial measures and impact of soil contamination as well as limitations are addressed. Results. The concentration level of heavy metals was above the natural background level in most areas of China. The problem was more prevalent in urban soils than agricultural soils. At the national level, the soil in most of the southern provinces and Beijing were heavily polluted. Even though the pollution condition based on Igeo was promising, the Nemerow integrated pollution level was the most worrisome. The soils in about 53% of the provinces were moderately to heavily polluted (NIPI&gt;2). The effects were noticed in terms of both public and ecological health risks. The major sources were waste gas, wastewater, and hazardous residuals from factories and agricultural inputs such as pesticides. Efforts have been made to reduce the concentrations and health risks of heavy metals, including policy interventions, controlling contamination sources, reducing the phytoavailability of heavy metals, selecting and rearing of grain cultivars with low risk of contamination, paddy water and fertilizer management, land use changes, phytoremediation and engineering techniques. Conclusions. China is experiencing rapid economic and technological advancements. This increases the risk of heavy metals contamination of soil. If serious attention is not paid to this problem, soil toxicity and biological accumulation will continue to threaten the sustainability of China's development. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests

scholarly journals The main consequences of continued illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing within Indonesian waters for maritime security actors and coastal communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e24911566
Author(s):  
Deby Indah Lestari ◽  
Arfian R. Putra ◽  
Amanda Yofani Larasuci
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Unregulated Fishing ◽  
Fishing Practices

Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing is known as a global serious threat and become International major issues. Indonesia, as one of the biggest archipelago countries and Mega Biodiversity that has rich, various, and potential marine resources has succeeded in attracting domestic fisheries and foreign fisheries to commit Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU Fishing) practices. This research aims to understand the phenomenon of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing in Indonesia and to understand the consequences of IUU Fishing practices to the coastal community and the maritime security state actors. This research finds that IUU Fishing practices have significant and negative impact towards Coastal communities on Economic, Environmental, and Social aspect. Furthermore, IUU Fishing practices has also significant and negative impact on the integrity of Maritime Security State Actors in protecting Indonesian waters.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION AND PREDICTION ON HEAVY METALS POLLUTION LEVEL (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni) IN SEDIMENT IN BANGKA ISLAND WATERS USING LOAD POLLUTION INDEX AND GEOACCUMULATION INDEX

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasmi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Marine Organism ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Guideline Values

<p>Bangka Island is rich in natural resources particularly tin minerals. The increasing of tin mining has elevated various wastes such as tailings, oil, and fuel coming from the sand scraper tin boat. These wastes containing toxic heavy metals may harmful to marine organism. Measurement of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni were carried out in September 2010. The purpose of this research was to predict the pollution degree of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni in sediment using two different methods namely geoaccumulation index (I_geo) and pollution load index (PLI). The samples of sediments were collected at 20 stations using Gravity Core. The content of heavy metals in all samples was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer with a mixture of air and acetylene flame. The results showed that there was a different of prediction on sediment pollution level between Load Pollution Index with Geoaccumulation Index. According to Load Pollution Index, sediments in this waters were not polluted by Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni (PLI&lt;1). Based on Geoaccumulation Index, sediment were also not polluted by Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni (Igeo&lt;0). While for Cd, sediments divided into three categories, namely not polluted (Igeo&lt;0), light polluted (0&lt;Igeo&lt;1), and medium pollued (1&lt;Igeo&lt;2).  The concentration of the heavy metals still lower than that sediment quality guideline values.</p> <p>Keywords: Bangka Island, heavy metals, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index.</p>

scholarly journals Urban soil assessment caused by heavy metals contamination in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 851 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
A T Sekarningsih ◽  
W Budianta ◽  
I W Warmada ◽  
H Hinode
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The City ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Abstract The effect of urbanization and industrialization in the urban city is soil contamination by heavy metals. This study was conducted to assess Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd, in the soil of Yogyakarta city and its surrounding, Indonesia. The assessment was done by analyzing 45 surface soil samples in the study area, divided into three-zone. They are divided based on the distance of each zone to the center of the city. The zone III is located in the outermost of the study area, and zone I is inside the city. The results of the study showed that generally, the highest concentration of metals was located in zone I, which is located near or directly situated in a city center. The result indicated that Pb and Cd had the highest pollution index compared to Cu and Zn. The pollition load indeks (PLI) and geoaccumulation indeks (Igeo) calculations in the whole study area showed that the values demonstrated a moderate class in average. Special attention was needed to be given to the zone I, which has a higher PLI and Igeo index to reduce the source of emission for Pb and Cd.

scholarly journals Assessment of Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Load in Soils of Ebocha Gas Flaring Site in Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
O. I. Achieche ◽  
O. O. Njoku ◽  
C. M. Duru ◽  
M. O. Nwachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Gas Flaring ◽  
Metal Load ◽  
Acidic Nature ◽  
Rivers State

The negative impact of gas flaring on the environment cannot be overemphasised. This study assessed the effect of gas flaring on the physicochemical properties and heavy metal contents in soils of Ebocha gas flaring site in Rivers State. It involved the assessment of various distances from gas flaring point to 200 meters away (50 m, 100 m, 150 m, and 200 m) which represents the extent of gas flared pollution on soils to determine the physicochemical properties and heavy metal load. The gas flaring significantly decreased soil organic carbon and calcium content when compared with non-gas flaring polluted soils. Soil acidity increased, soil exchangeable ions decreased. N, P and K were altered in gas flared soils when compared to the controls. There were detrimental effects on soils physicochemical properties. Heavy metals observed were Cd (Cadmium), Ni (Nickel), As (Arsenic), Cr (Chromium), while Pb (Lead) was not detected. The concentration of heavy metals in gas flared soils decreases down soil depth from 0-15 cm to 45-60 cm respectively. The gas flaring extremely caused the acidic nature of gas flared soils. Coefficient of variation (CV) in percentage shows significant increase in acidic nature of the gas flared soils when compared with the control soils.

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