scholarly journals Methods to optimize energy consumption in Conarc furnaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aashay Wanjari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Produce Steel ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

AbstractOver the past few decades, steelmaking has reached its zenith in terms of annual productivity, and relevant processes have been developed over time to produce steel with maximum efficiency in a shorter time. One of the prominent steelmaking practices used extensively in contemporary industries is the Conarc Steelmaking Practice, which involves the use of electrical and chemical Energy to carry out melting and decarburization in respective shells. This article reviews the factors that affect the energy consumption in Conarc furnaces and provides insight into the technologies developed to alleviate energy consumption and make the steelmaking process optimal in terms of energy consumption and requirement. This article also accentuates relevant systems and melting practices for the raw materials, which can be utilized in the Conarc Steelmaking practice to make the entire process less energy-intensive. Oxygen-enhanced combustion and thermophotovoltaic systems can alleviate energy consumption substantially while maintaining steel quality at the same time, as discussed in the paper. Additionally, some mathematical models have been discussed that facilitate in formulating an energy optimal and financial steelmaking process.

Decomposition of Growth Curves into Growth Rate and Acceleration: a Novel Procedure to Monitor Bacterial Growth and the Time-Dependent Effect of Antimicrobials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Luisa Navarro-Pérez ◽  
M. Coronada Fernández-Calderón ◽  
Virginia Vadillo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Predictive Microbiology ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

In this paper, a simple numerical procedure is presented to monitor the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis over time in the absence and presence of propolis, a natural antimicrobial. In particular, it is shown that the real-time decomposition of growth curves obtained through optical density measurements into growth rate and acceleration can be a powerful tool to precisely assess a large range of key parameters [ i.e. lag time ( t 0 ), starting growth rate ( γ 0 ), initial acceleration of the growth ( a 0 ), maximum growth rate ( γ max ), maximum acceleration ( a max ) and deceleration ( a min ) of the growth and the total number of cells at the beginning of the saturation phase ( N s )] that can be readily used to fully describe growth over time. Consequently, the procedure presented provides precise data of the time course of the different growth phases and features, which is expected to be relevant, for instance, to thoroughly evaluate the effect of new antimicrobial agents. It further provides insight into predictive microbiology, likely having important implications to assumptions adopted in mathematical models to predict the progress of bacterial growth. Importance: The new and simple numerical procedure presented in this paper to analyze bacterial growth will possibly allow identifying true differences in efficacy among antimicrobial drugs for their applications in human health, food security, and environment, among others. It further provides insight into predictive microbiology, likely helping in the development of proper mathematical models to predict the course of bacterial growth under diverse circumstances.

scholarly journals On numerical solver selection and related uncertainty terminology

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Claeys ◽  
Ann van Griensven ◽  
Lorenzo Benedetti ◽  
Bernard De Baets ◽  
Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Environmental Modelling ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into

Mathematical models provide insight into numerous biological, physical and chemical systems. They can be used in process design, optimisation, control and decision support, as acknowledged in many different fields of scientific research. Mathematical models do not always yield reliable results and uncertainty should be taken into account. At present, it is possible to identify some factors contributing to uncertainty, and the awareness of the necessity of uncertainty assessment is rising. In the fields of Environmental Modelling and Computational Fluid Dynamics, for instance, terminology related to uncertainty exists and is generally accepted. However, the uncertainty due to the choice of the numerical solver and its settings used to compute the solution of the models did not receive much attention in the past. A motivating example on the existence and effect of numerical uncertainty is provided and clearly shows that we can no longer ignore it. This paper introduces a new terminology to support communication about uncertainty caused by numerical solvers, so that scientists become perceptive to it.

The Development of Computer Models for the Prediction of Factory Noise

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Dance
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Noise Prediction ◽  
Image Source ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Models ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Current Potential

The development of factory noise prediction models over the past thirty years has parallelled the development of computer technology. There are currently two main approaches to this problem both of which have been extensively investigated, they are the image-source method and the ray-tracing technique. Presented are brief details of the background to the specific problems of factory noise prediction together with the various approaches used to solve the problem. An outline of how the two types of mathematical models work, together with details of their representational development is presented. A comparison of the current potential of each type of model, enabling an insight into when and where each type of model may be effectively used, is given. Three independent studies comparing various prediction models were considered. All three reviews drew the conclusion that the Ondet and Barbry, and the Lindqvist models were the most accurate ray-tracing and image-source models, respectively. Finally, a review of barrier prediction models is presented.

Lies, Sex, and Suicide: Teaching Fundamental Accounting Concepts with Sordid Tales from the Seamier Side of Accounting History

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Badua
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Accounting History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Accounting Theory ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

The Academy of Accounting Historians has as its motto the Latin proverb praetera illuminet postera, the past illuminates the future. It is an apt motto in many ways. Certainly, many thoughtful accounting academics and professionals will consider how accounting theory and practice have evolved over time, and thereby gain a deeper insight into how both professional and scholarly endeavors should be conducted. But this AHJ Salmagundi article suggests another way by which the past can illuminate the future. Accounting history provides concrete examples of fundamental accounting concepts. And, because many of these examples are found in scandalous, shocking, and sordid events, the lessons could be more compellingly and vividly illustrated to the audience, by the operation of the rhetorical phenomena collectively known as the Aristotelean Triad.

Summary and Implications For the Future

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malanima Paolo ◽  
Astrid Kander ◽  
Paul Warde
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
The Past ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time

This chapter summarizes the book's main findings and their implications for the future, reflecting in particular on the limits of growth, peak oil, technology, and prospects for a return to the organic economy. The central part of the book's argument is that pre-industrial Europe faced energy constraints to economic growth, and was set free from these constraints by the adoption of fossil fuels, including coal. It suggests that the transition to fossil fuels was both a necessary condition and an enabling factor leading to modern growth. This concluding chapter presents two tenets that can inform contemporary debates about energy transitions and the future of economic growth. First, societies move on trajectories, but what has happened in the past bears a strong influence on paths taken in the future. Second, we can establish relationships between energy consumption and economic growth, even as the character of these relationships is not stable over time.

Document, Text and Myth: Lavoisier's Crucial Year Revisited

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Practice Of Science ◽  
Over Time

Published texts, unpublished documents and, to a lesser extent, artefacts are the stuff from which historians of science fashion their interpretations of the past. From these residues we attempt to reconstruct the lost fabric of personalities, activities and institutions that constituted the practice of science, and to comprehend the flow of thought that was its substance. Like the sensory data of the empirical sciences, these raw materials are not pure chunks of reality. They must be interpreted in the light of contemporary discourse and practice of which they were part. Over time, and in the hands of different commentators they acquire new significance, sometimes of mythic proportions; moreover, they are inevitably viewed in the light of present suppositions and fashions, both scientific and historiographical.

scholarly journals Preliminary characterization of the prehistoric mine of chocolate flint in Poręba Dzierżna, site 24 (Wolbrom commune, Lesser Poland voivodeship)

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sudoł-Procyk ◽  
Maciej Krajcarz ◽  
Magdalena Malak ◽  
Dagmara H. Werra
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Preliminary Characterization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trading Routes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Spoil Heaps

Researches on prehistoric flint mines are currently widely developing, as they allow a deep insight into the past economy, early industry, and the network of trading routes and inter-regional contacts. In the territory of Poland and in general, Central Europe, one of the most important flint raw materials was an Upper Jurassic chert, so-called chocolate flint. In this paper are presented preliminary results of the research of chocolate flint mine in Poręba Dzierżna, site 24 (Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, southern Poland). The outcrop, and anthropogenic relief indicating the activity of prehistoric miners, were discovered in 2013. Recently excavations undertaken on the site recorded the remains of mining shafts, spoil heaps, and rich traces of workshops. The deposits of chocolate flint were previously known only in the Holy Cross Mountains, 130 km to the NE. The research undertaken has therefore a significant impact on the existing interpretations related to the extraction, use, and distribution of chocolate flint by prehistoric communities in Central Europe.

Silicon Valley

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Finn
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Silicon Valley ◽  
History Of Computing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Boom And Bust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Valuable Role ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Silicon Valley’s technological motherlode is an unlikely find site for traditional excavation, but it provides contemporary archaeologists with a unique take on material culture. The author, who is also a journalist, witnessed the rapid change-over-time in the fortunes of Silicon Valley during the dotcom boom, and bust of 1999/2000. She has continued her fieldwork over the past decade, and she argues that the cycle of technology-from cutting edge to redundancy-and those whose prescience has preserved the discards of technology, offer valuable material for contemporary archaeology. She situates the assemblages of computer collectors, with the curated artefacts in tech museums, and other institutions engaged with the history of computing, and suggests that it is the hobbyists, often with specialist insight into a family of product or machine, who have played a valuable role in saving Silicon Valley heritage by collecting at a time of accelerating discard.

A singing choir: Understanding the dynamics of hope, hopelessness, and despair in palliative care patients. A longitudinal qualitative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Olsman ◽  
Carlo Leget ◽  
Wendy Duggleby ◽  
Dick Willems
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Incurable Cancer ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjective:Hope, despair, and hopelessness are dynamic in nature; however, they have not been explored over time. The objective of the present study was to describe hope, hopelessness, and despair over time, as experienced by palliative care patients.Method:We employed a qualitative longitudinal method based on narrative theories. Semistructured interviews with palliative care patients were prospectively conducted, recorded, and transcribed. Data on hope, hopelessness and despair were thematically analyzed, which led to similarities and differences between these concepts. The concepts were then analyzed over time in each case. During all stages, the researchers took a reflexive stance, wrote memos, and did member checking with participants.Results:A total of 29 palliative care patients (mean age, 65.9 years; standard deviation, 14.7; 14 females) were included, 11 of whom suffered from incurable cancer, 10 from severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 8 from severe heart failure. They were interviewed a maximum of three times. Participants associated hope with gains in the past or future, such as physical improvement or spending time with significant others. They associated hopelessness with past losses, like loss of health, income, or significant others, and despair with future losses, which included the possibility of losing the future itself. Over time, the nature of their hope, hopelessness, and despair changed when their condition changed. These dynamics could be understood as voices in a singing choir that can sing together, alternate with each other, or sing their own melody.Significance of Results:Our findings offer insight into hope, hopelessness, and despair over time, and the metaphor of a choir helps to understand the coexistence of these concepts. The findings also help healthcare professionals to address hope, hopelessness, and despair during encounters with patients, which is particularly important when the patients' physical condition has changed.

Past Sovereignty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Thought ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Ideas of self-sovereignty and self-sacrifice drew American and French revolutionaries to Roman virtuous exemplars—and into errors of reception, according to prominent contemporaries. Focusing on Benjamin Constant’s and Edmund Burke’s critique of the excited pleasure revolutionaries take in imitating Roman models, this chapter asks what insight into the mechanisms of political change we may gain by studying the revolutionary desire for Rome and the rage felt by the opponents of revolution against that desire. Constant and Burke, insofar as they discuss how the liberal free autonomous self rules itself and relates to others, and how modern thought relates to the past, take up problems still essential to the political thought of modernity. By considering the rhetorical extremes of both liberal and conservative thinkers in their reactions to Roman tradition, we understand better how such critiques of pleasure, desire, and imitation determine the transmission of political ideals over time.

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