Insect pests of economic importance attacking wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) in Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract To study the effect of sodium Selenite application different methods on the yield of spring wheat varieties, depending on the conditions of water supply, a series of vegetation experiments in accordance with the methodology were carried out. The object of the study is spring wheat of the Zlata variety (Triticum aestivum L.). It was found that the effect of selenium on the yield of wheat of the Zlata variety depended on the method of its application and the conditions of water supply. With optimal water supply, the positive effect of selenium on the yield of spring wheat plants was revealed with both methods of applying sodium selenite. It was found that in conditions of drought, the positive effect of selenium was obtained with both methods of using sodium selenite. The greatest efficiency of selenium is obtained in foliar processing of plants. The increase in grain weight in this variant was 1.4 times. The increase in the share of the agronomic significant part of the wheat crop yield to 36% is shown, which indicates the decrease in the negative effect of drought on the formation of spring wheat yield when using foliar processing of plants.

Download Full-text

SUNFLOWER COMPETITION IN WHEAT

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps84-013 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 105-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

GREG R. GILLESPIE ◽

STEPHEN D. MILLER

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Upper Midwest ◽

Leaf Stage ◽

Seeding Date ◽

Field Season

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is grown in rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the upper midwest of the U.S.A. However, volunteer sunflower is often a problem in wheat planted the year following sunflower. Wheat yields as influenced by wheat seeding date and sunflower density, duration of sunflower competition and rate of sunflower control were determined in the field. Season-long sunflower competition at densities of 3, 9, and 23 plants per square metre reduced yield of the following wheat crop by an average of 11, 19, and 33%, respectively, averaged over seeding date and location. Sunflower was more competitive with wheat seeded in late than in early May, particularly at the lower sunflower densities. Wheat yield was reduced 22% when 24 sunflower plants/m2 were allowed to compete until the wheat flag-leaf stage. Wheat yields obtained were similar when volunteer sunflower was controlled by postemergence MCPA [[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] acetic acid], bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), or bromoxynil plus MCPA despite the slower rate of control with MCPA compared to bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MCPA. This research indicates that wheat following sunflower should be planted early and sunflower densities of nine plants per square metre or higher should be removed before the flag-leaf stage to prevent yield reductions.Key words: Density, duration, bromoxynil, MCPA, Helianthus annuus, Triticum aestivum

Download Full-text

Efficacy of Exogenous Applications of Glucose in Improving Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum L.) Performance under Drought Stress

Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.17582/journal.pjar/2018/31.3.264.273 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Zahid ◽

Naeem Iqbal ◽

Sohaib Muhammad ◽

Summiya Faisal ◽

Wajid Mahboob ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Crop

Download Full-text

IMPACT OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS APPLIED TO WHEAT CROP (Triticum aestivum L.) ON SEED PATHOGENS

Current Trends in Natural Sciences ◽

10.47068/ctns.2021.v10i19.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (19) ◽

pp. 58-65

Author(s):

Alexandra Loredana Suciu ◽

Cătălin Perneș ◽

Camelia Giurgiu ◽

Ana-Maria Păcurar ◽

Laura Șopterean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Health State ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp

Effectiveness of fungicide treatments during vegetation is recognized as important conditioning factor for the health of wheat crops. Furthermore, quantity and quality of the harvested grain are fundamentally affected by the health state of the crop during vegetation. Aim of this research was to identify the influence exercised by a gradient of fungicide treatments applied to wheat crop on seed mycosis susceptibility after harvest. Seeds belonging to three wheat cultivars (‘Andrada’, ‘Codru’, ‘Exotic’) that received a number of 0-3 fungicide treatments with some commonly used commercial products during vegetation (Credo, Evolus, Acanto Plus), were screened for germination rate, Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. incidence. Overall seed germination frequency was 96%, Alternaria sp. frequency was 8.78% and Fusarium sp. frequency was 2.25%. Seeds from the crop that received three fungicide treatments during vegetation displayed 5.38% higher seed germination relative to control, decrease of Alternaria sp. frequency of 60.94% and decrease of Fusarium sp. frequency of 57.10% relative to control. Results suggest a decrease of seed mycotic load associated with increased number of fungicide treatments applied on the crop. Optimization of fungicide application might be possible by studying the influence of phenophase on the effectiveness of the treatments, and these aspects shall receive more attention in the future.

Download Full-text

INFLUENCE OF PRESS WHEELS, ROW SPACINGS AND SOWING RATES IN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF WHEAT CROP (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVATED BY ZERO TILLAGE METHOD IN GLYUKHAN DISTRICT

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.33899/magrj.2020.127458.1052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 86-98

Author(s):

Nawaf Alhamdani ◽

Abdulsattar Alrijabo

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Zero Tillage ◽

Tillage Method

Download Full-text

INDUKSI MUTASI DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO TANAMAN GANDUM (Triticum aestivum L.)

Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) ◽

10.29122/jbbi.v3i2.36 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Laela Sari ◽

Agus Purwito ◽

Didy Soepandi ◽

Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih ◽

Enny Sudarmonowati

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

In Vitro Selection ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Callus Growth ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Soaking Time ◽

Induced Mutation ◽

Callus Production ◽

Selection Of

INDUCTION MUTATION AND SELECTION OF IN VITRO PLANT OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)The goal of this research was to produce wheat crop which is tolerant to lowland condition.Six varieties were used, Dewata, Selayar, Alibey, Oasis, Rabe and HP1744. This research consisted of 4 stages: production of the best callus on MS medium containing 3 g/L 2.4-D, induced mutation of embryogenic callus using EMS, in vitro selection of callus at temperature of 27–35°C, and callus regeneration. The best result for callus production was 76% for Dewata and 70% for Selayar varieties. Higher concentration of EMS and longer soaking time decreased the percentage of callus growth. LC50 for Dewata was 0.3% EMS at 30 minutes and that for Selayar was 0.1% EMS at 60 minutes. The higher the temperature was, the lower was the adaptation tolerant of the plants, and callus growth was inhibited. At the highest temperature (35°C) the callus did not grow at all.Keywords: Induced mutation, Triticum aestivum, EMS, in vitro selection, callusABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merakit tanaman gandum yang toleran pada dataran rendah. Varietas yang digunakan ada 6 yaitu Dewata, Selayar, Alibey, Oasis, Rabe dan HP-1744. Penelitian terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu induksi pembentukan kalus terbaik menggunakan media MS + 3 g/L 2,4-D (dipilih dua varietas yang terbaik), induksi mutasi kalus embriogenik menggunakan EMS, seleksi kalus in vitro pada suhu 27–35°C, dan regenerasi. Hasil induksi kalus terbaik terdapat pada varietas Dewata sebesar 76% dan Selayar sebesar 70%. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi EMS dan semakin lama waktu perendaman yang digunakan maka semakin menurun persentase pertumbuhan kalus. LC50 varietas Dewata adalah EMS 0,3% waktu 30 menit sedangkan LC50 varietas Selayar adalah EMS 0,1% waktu 60 menit.Semakin tinggi suhunya maka semakin berkurang toleran adaptasi tanaman tersebut, dan pertumbuhan kalus semakin sedikit. Bahkan pada suhu tertinggi yaitu suhu 35°C tidak ada pertumbuhan kalus sama sekali.Kata Kunci: Induksi mutasi, Triticum aestivum, EMS, seleksi in vitro, kalus

Download Full-text