scholarly journals Detection of drought tolerance-related QTL in the Plainsman V./Cappelle Desprez doubled haploid wheat population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Nagy ◽  
Á. Szabó-Hevér ◽  
S. Lehoczki-Krsjak ◽  
C. Lantos ◽  
E. Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
Wheat Population ◽  
Irrigation Levels

AbstractDrought stress is one of the major abiotic factors that significantly reduces wheat grain yield. Improving drought tolerance is a challenge that plant breeders are facing nowadays. In this study, our goal was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the Plainsman V./Cappelle Desprez doubled haploid (DH) population under drought induced as decreased irrigation (ds) and well-watered (ww) conditions in glasshouse. In total, 54 QTL were detected across the three years in two water regimes linked to 10 drought tolerance-related agronomic traits. Out of the detected QTL regions several have been previously reported. The QTL on chromosome 1A (wPt-744613-wPt-8016) related to thousand grain weight was detected in both ds and ww conditions, explaining the 12.7–17.4% of the phenotypic variance. QTL for grain yield was detected on chromosomes 1A, and 6B in the ds treatment. Numerous QTL was identified under both irrigation levels.

scholarly journals Predicting the genetic gain in the Brazilian white maize landrace

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Raquel Ribeiro e Souza ◽  
Glauco Vieira Miranda ◽  
Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽  
Leandro Vagno de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Landrace

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic variability and predict genetic gain in the white maize landrace rescued in Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Brazilian maize landraces have economic and social importance for certain areas in Brazil, and research on this germplasm is very important for local food security. Three experiments were carried out with 100 half-sib progenies, in Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Coimbra and Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These sites were chosen for their soil and climatic differences. An analysis of variance was significant among the progeny for all characters, indicating the presence of genetic variability between the three populations. In Campos dos Goytacazes and Coimbra, the genetic variation of the white maize landrace was responsible for most of the phenotypic variance in grain yield and can be used in selection cycles. There was no significant genetic variance in grain yield in Barbacena. For the white maize landrace it was concluded that: the characters of the component of productivity such as plant density and number of plants with kernels can produce indirect genetic gain for grain yield and are suitable for breeding; prebreeding of the maize landrace is necessary before being used directly in the elite germplasm; the population contains high genetic variability and opportunities for genetic gain; the average agronomic traits are suitable only for traditional production systems with few inputs, and polyculture; the difference between environments produces specific responses in the progeny i.e. there is a progeny x environment interaction.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study for yield and yield related traits under reproductive stage drought in a diverse indica-aus rice panel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Bhandari ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Jérôme Bartholome ◽  
Tuong-Vi Cao-Hamadoun ◽  
Nourollah Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background Reproductive-stage drought stress is a major impediment to rice production in rainfed areas. Conventional and marker-assisted breeding strategies for developing drought-tolerant rice varieties are being optimized by mining and exploiting adaptive traits, genetic diversity; identifying the alleles, and understanding their interactions with genetic backgrounds for their increased contribution to drought tolerance. Field experiments were conducted in this study to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) involved in response to yield under reproductive-stage (RS) drought. A diverse set of 280 indica-aus accessions was phenotyped for ten agronomic traits including yield and yield-related traits under normal irrigated condition and under two managed reproductive-stage drought environments. The accessions were genotyped with 215,250 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Results The study identified a total of 219 significant MTAs for 10 traits and candidate gene analysis within a 200kb window centred from GWAS identified SNP peaks detected these MTAs within/ in close proximity to 38 genes, 4 earlier reported major grain yield QTLs and 6 novel QTLs for 7 traits out of the 10. The significant MTAs were mainly located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11 and 12 and the percent phenotypic variance captured for these traits ranged from 5 to 88%. The significant positive correlation of grain yield with yield-related and other agronomic traits except for flowering time, observed under different environments point towards their contribution in improving rice yield under drought. Seven promising accessions were identified for use in future genomics-assisted breeding programs targeting grain yield improvement under drought. Conclusion These results provide a promising insight into the complex genetic architecture of grain yield under reproductive-stage drought in different environments. Validation of major genomic regions reported in the study will enable their effectiveness to develop drought-tolerant varieties following marker-assisted selection as well as to identify genes and understanding the associated physiological mechanisms.

Multivariate statistical analysis of cold season wheat yield under drought conditions Alireza Razavi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Alireza Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Effect of drought stress on cold season wheat varieties investigated at Jolgeh-rokh station of Torbat Heydarieh agricultural and resources research center during 2012 and 2013. The experiment contained 18 inbred lines and promised varieties studied in optimal and limited irrigation levels. Two separate complete randomized block designs with three replications were carried out. At limited irrigation level plants did not irrigated at dough stage and physiological maturity stage. Measured treats was: plant height, spike length, peduncle length, grains/spike, grain weight, thousand grain weight, spike weight, harvest index, grain and biological yield.  Results showed that Cold wheat 14 was the best variety in both irrigation levels. Grain yield significantly correlated with grain yield and biological yield at optimal condition. There was a positive correlation between biological yield peduncle weight and harvest index with grain yield at drought condition. Stepwise regression analysis showed that yield variation control by thousand grain weight, grains/spike and spike weight at optimal irrigation condition. Peduncle length was the only variable enters to regression model at drought condition. Peduncle length and weight had the highest indirect effect on yield as shown by path analysis. Factor analysis indicated that three factors accounted for about 80 percent of the total variation among characters. Investigating the drought susceptibility indices showed that mean productivity index and stress susceptibility index was the best in selecting tolerate varieties. 

Mapping QTL for grain yield, yield components, and spike features in a doubled haploid population of bread wheat

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Heidari ◽  
Badraldin Ebrahim Sayed-Tabatabaei ◽  
Ghodratollah Saeidi ◽  
Michael Kearsey ◽  
Kazuhiro Suenaga
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Doubled Haploid Population ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Haploid Population ◽  
Major Qtl

A doubled haploid (DH) population derived from a cross between the Japanese cultivar ‘Fukuho-kumogi’ and the Israeli wheat line ‘Oligoculm’ was used to map genome regions involved in the expression of grain yield, yield components, and spike features in wheat (Triticum aestivum L). A total of 371 markers (RAPD, SSR, RFLP, AFLP, and two morphological traits) were used to construct the linkage map that covered 4190 cM of wheat genome including 28 linkage groups. The results of composite interval mapping for all studied traits showed that some of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) were stable over experiments conducted in 2004 and 2005. The major QTL located in the Hair–Xpsp2999 interval on chromosome 1A controlled the expression of grains/spike (R2 = 12.9% in 2004 and 22.4% in 2005), grain weight/spike (R2 = 21.4% in 2004 and 15.8% in 2005), and spike number (R2 = 15.6% in 2004 and 5.4% in 2005). The QTL for grain yield located on chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D totally accounted for 27.2% and 31.7% of total variation in this trait in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Alleles inherited from ‘Oligoculm’ increased the length of spikes and had decreasing effects on spike number. According to the data obtained in 2005, locus Xgwm261 was associated with a highly significant spike length QTL (R2 = 42.33%) and also the major QTL for spikelet compactness (R2 = 26.1%).

Evaluation of the performance of sorghum genotypes using GGE biplot

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1205-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmore Gasura ◽  
Peter S. Setimela ◽  
Caleb M. Souta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Sorghum Production ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

Gasura, E., Setimela, P. S. and Souta, C. M. 2015. Evaluation of the performance of sorghum genotypes using GGE biplot. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1205–1214. In spite of sorghum's drought tolerance, it is largely affected by genotype×environment interaction (GE), making it difficult and expensive to select and recommend new sorghum genotypes for different environments. The objectives of this study were to examine the nature of GE for sorghum grain yield, to identify superior sorghum genotypes for sorghum production environments and determine ideal testing locations for future breeding activities in Zimbabwe. The grain yield of 20 sorghum genotypes from Seed Co. Pvt. Ltd. were evaluated for 2 yr (2011/2012 and 2012/2013 cropping seasons) at five locations in different agro-ecological zones of Zimbabwe. Combined analyses of variance showed significant differences for genotypes (P<0.01), environments (P<0.001) and genotype×location (P<0.01). Genotype×environment variance component was seven times greater than that of genotypes. Genotype×environment interaction was attributed to the variability in the predictable biotic and abiotic factors associated with the different locations. The genotype main effect plus GE biplot showed that the experimental sorghum genotypes W07, W09, W05, G06 and OP46 were high yielding and stable, and possessed other desirable agronomic traits. The most discriminating and representative location was Rattray Arnold Research Station.

Introgression of B-genome chromosomes in a doubled haploid population of Brassica napus × B. carinata

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. K. Navabi ◽  
I. A.P. Parkin ◽  
J. C. Pires ◽  
Z. Xiong ◽  
M. R. Thiagarajah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Doubled Haploid Population ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Dh Lines

The Brassica B-genome species possess many valuable agronomic and disease resistance traits. To transfer traits from the B genome of B. carinata into B. napus , an interspecific cross between B. napus and B. carinata was performed and a doubled haploid (DH) population was generated from the BC2S3 generation. Successful production of interspecific DH lines as identified using B-genome microsatellite markers is reported. Five percent of DH lines carry either intact B-genome chromosomes or chromosomes that have deletions. All of the DH lines have linkage group J13/B7 in common. This was further confirmed using B. nigra genomic DNA in a fluorescent in situ hybridization assay where the B-genome chromosomes were visualized and distinguished from the A- and C-genome chromosomes. The 60 DH lines were also evaluated for morphological traits in the field for two seasons and were tested for resistance to blackleg, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans , under greenhouse conditions. Variation in the DH population followed a normal distribution for several agronomic traits and response to blackleg. The lines with B-genome chromosomes were significantly different (p < 0.01) from the lines without B-genome chromosomes for both morphological and seed quality traits such as days to flowering, days to maturity, and erucic acid content.

Productivity of a doubled haploid winter wheat population under heat stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1084-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Balla ◽  
Ildikó Karsai ◽  
Tibor Kiss ◽  
Szilvia Bencze ◽  
Zoltán Bedő ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Wheat Population ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractBreeding of new winter wheat cultivars with good heat tolerance requires better understanding of the genetic background of heat tolerance. In the present work the effect of heat stress on the 6th day after heading was investigated in a doubled haploid (DH) population arising from a cross between heat-sensitive (Plainsman V) and heat-tolerant (Mv Magma) cultivars. Averaged over the population, heat stress was found to result in a significant reduction in biomass, grain yield and grain number per plant, and in thousand-kernel weight (TKW) and harvest index. High temperature had the greatest effect on the grain yield, with a drop of 36.2% compared with the control. This could be attributed jointly to significant reductions in the TKW of the main ear and in the grain number of the side tillers. The relationship between the yield parameters was confirmed by the positive correlations obtained for the lines in the population. The diverse levels of heat tolerance in the different lines were confirmed by the significant differences in the reduction in the chlorophyll content (SPAD index) of the flag-leaves and in yield parameters. The changes in yield components in stress condition, however, can be still the most effective tools for heat stress evaluation.

scholarly journals Correlations and path analysis in agronomic traits of soybeans under defoliation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Francisco de Alcântara Neto ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
Rafael Felippe Ratke ◽  
Jorge González Aguilera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Selection For

 Stress events or leaf damage can alter the redistribution of photoassimilates and modify the morphological traits directly related to grain yield. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of agronomic traits on grain yield in soybean crop in function of leaf defoliation. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with three replications, arranged in a 6 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme. The factors were composed by six reprodutive stages (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6) and three defoliation levels (33%, 66%, and 99%), and one additional treatment without defoliation (control). The following traits were evaluated: plant height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, thousand grain weight, and grain yield. The magnitudes of the correlations between the same traits showed high oscillation according to the defoliation level. Results revealed the potential for the indirect selection for grain yield by the traits plant height and number of grains per pods under 0% of defoliation and by the trait number of pods per plant under 33% of defoliation.

scholarly journals Impact of pre-anthesis drought stress on physiology, yield-related traits and drought responsive genes in green super rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassaan Ahmad ◽  
Syed Adeel Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Naeem ◽  
Sajid Shokat ◽  
Safeena Inam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Maturity Stage

Optimum soil water availability is vital for maximum yield production in rice which is challenged by increasing spells of drought. The reproductive stage drought is among the main limiting factors leading to the drastic reduction in grain yield. Objective of this study was to investigate the molecular and morpho-physiological responses of pre-anthesis stage drought stress in green super rice. The study assessed the performance of 26 rice lines under irrigated and drought conditions. Irrigated treatment was allowed to grow normally while drought stress was imposed for 30 days at pre-anthesis stage. Three important physiological traits including pollen fertility percentage (PFP), cell membrane stability (CMS) and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) were recorded at anthesis stage during the last week of drought stress. Agronomic traits of economic importance including grain yield were recorded at maturity stage. The analysis of variance demonstrated significant variation among the genotypes for most of the studied traits. Correlation and principal component analyses demonstrated highly significant associations of particular agronomic traits with grain yield, and genetic diversity among genotypes, respectively. Our study demonstrated a higher drought tolerance potential of GSR lines compared to local cultivars, mainly by higher pollen viability, plant biomass, CMS, and harvest index under drought. In addition, the molecular basis of drought tolerance in GSR lines was related to upregulation of certain drought responsive genes including OsSADRI, OsDSM1, and OsDT11. Our study identified novel drought tolerance related genes (OsDRG-1, OsDRG-2, OsDRG-3 and OsDRG-4) that could be further characterized using reverse genetics to be utilized in molecular breeding for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Grain-yield stability among tropical maize hybrids derived from doubled-haploid inbred lines under random drought stress and optimum moisture conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Pyton Sserumaga ◽  
Yoseph Beyene ◽  
Kiru Pillay ◽  
Alois Kullaya ◽  
Sylvester O. Oikeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Drought Conditions

Drought is a devastating environmental stress in agriculture and hence a common target of plant breeding. A review of breeding progress on drought tolerance shows that, to a certain extent, selection for high yield in stress-free conditions indirectly improves yield in water-limiting conditions. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the genotype × environment (GE) interaction for grain yield (GY) and other agronomic traits for maize (Zea mays L.) across East African agro-ecologies; and (ii) evaluate agronomic performance and stability in Uganda and Tanzania under optimum and random drought conditions. Data were recorded for major agronomic traits. Genotype main effect plus GE (GGE) biplot analysis was used to assess the stability of varieties within various environments and across environments. Combined analysis of variance across optimum moisture and random drought environments indicated that locations, mean-squares for genotypes and GE were significant for most measured traits. The best hybrids, CKDHH1097 and CKDHH1090, gave GY advantages of 23% and 43%, respectively, over the commercial hybrid varieties under both optimum-moisture and random-drought conditions. Across environments, genotypic variance was less than the GE variance for GY. The hybrids derived from doubled-haploid inbred lines produced higher GY and possessed acceptable agronomic traits compared with the commercial hybrids. Hybrid CKDHH1098 ranked second-best under optimum-moisture and drought-stress environments and was the most stable with broad adaptation to both environments. Use of the best doubled-haploids lines in testcross hybrids make-up, well targeted to the production environments, could boost maize production among farmers in East Africa.

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