The inhibition of tail-pinch-induced food intake by cholecystokinin octapeptides and their fragments

Tail pinch stimulates food intake in rats. We investigated brain mechanisms of this response and the influence of repeated exposure. Sprague-Dawley rats received acute (5 min) or repeated (5 min/day for 14 days) tail pinch using a padded clip. Acute tail pinch increased 5-min food intake compared with control (0.92 ± 0.2 vs. 0.03 ± 0.01 g, P < 0.01). This response was inhibited by 76% by intracerebroventricular injection of BIBP-3226, a neuropeptide Y1 (NPY1) receptor antagonist, increased by 48% by astressin-B, a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist, and not modified by S-406-028, a somatostatin subtype 2 antagonist. After the 5-min tail pinch without food, blood glucose rose by 21% ( P < 0.01) while changes in plasma acyl ghrelin (+41%) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (+37%) were not significant. Two tail pinches (45 min apart) activate pontine and hindbrain catecholaminergic and hypothalamic paraventricular CRF neurons. After 14 days of repeated tail pinch, the 5-min orexigenic response was not significantly different from days 2 to 11 but reduced by 50% thereafter ( P < 0.001). Simultaneously, the 5-min fecal pellet output increased during the last 5 days compared with the first 5 days (+58%, P < 0.05). At day 14, the body weight gain was reduced by 22%, with a 99% inhibition of fat gain and a 25% reduction in lean mass ( P < 0.05). The orexigenic response to acute 5-min tail pinch is likely to involve the activation of brain NPY1 signaling, whereas that of CRF tends to dampen the acute response and may contribute to increased defecation and decreased body weight gain induced by repeated tail pinch.

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The functional link between tail-pinch-induced food intake and emotionality and its possible role in stress coping in rats

The Journal of Physiological Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12576-018-0596-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 799-805 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nami Aso-Someya ◽

Kimiya Narikiyo ◽

Akira Masuda ◽

Shuji Aou

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Stress Coping ◽

Functional Link ◽

Tail Pinch

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Early life overfeeding alters palatable food intake in response to tail pinch stress in adulthood

Appetite ◽

10.1016/j.appet.2010.04.163 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 669

Author(s):

A.K. Portella ◽

V. Bittencourt ◽

S. Cardoso ◽

C. Dalmaz ◽

P.P. Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Early Life ◽

Palatable Food ◽

Tail Pinch

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Posterodorsal Medial Amygdala Mediates Tail‐Pinch Induced Food Intake in Female Rats

Journal of Neuroendocrinology ◽

10.1111/jne.12390 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. H. Hu ◽

Z. Bashir ◽

X. F. Li ◽

K. T. O'Byrne

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Female Rats ◽

Medial Amygdala ◽

Tail Pinch

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Obesity and adiposity: the culprit of dietary protein efficacy

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20190583 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 134 (4) ◽

pp. 389-401

Author(s):

Carla El-Mallah ◽

Omar Obeid

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Behavioural Change ◽

Physiological Mechanism ◽

Short Term ◽

The Past ◽

Body Adiposity ◽

Reduce Sugar ◽

Eye Opening ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Limitations And Exceptions

Abstract Obesity and increased body adiposity have been alarmingly increasing over the past decades and have been linked to a rise in food intake. Many dietary restrictive approaches aiming at reducing weight have resulted in contradictory results. Additionally, some policies to reduce sugar or fat intake were not able to decrease the surge of obesity. This suggests that food intake is controlled by a physiological mechanism and that any behavioural change only leads to a short-term success. Several hypotheses have been postulated, and many of them have been rejected due to some limitations and exceptions. The present review aims at presenting a new theory behind the regulation of energy intake, therefore providing an eye-opening field for energy balance and a potential strategy for obesity management.

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Modifications in food intake, leptin and CCK postprandial levels after Gastric Banding for morbid obesity

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81038-6 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A209-A209

Author(s):

M LUCA ◽

E CERVELLIN ◽

F GALEAZZI ◽

D LANARO ◽

L BUSETTO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morbid Obesity ◽

Food Intake ◽

Gastric Banding

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Therapeutic potential of retrograde gastric pacing for the treatment of obesity: A reduction in food intake without gastrointestinal symptoms

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81037-4 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A209-A209

Author(s):

T UENO ◽

J CHEN

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Gastric Pacing ◽

Treatment Of Obesity

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Interaction of GLP-1 with gastric distension in regulating food intake and satiety in humans

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81036-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A208-A208

Author(s):

L DEGEN ◽

D MATZINGER ◽

B FISCHER ◽

F ZIMMERLI ◽

M KNUPP ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Gastric Distension

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Dietary intake of tryptophan tied emotion-related impulsivity in humans

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000608 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Florian Javelle ◽

Descartes Li ◽

Philipp Zimmer ◽

Sheri L. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Food Intake ◽

Essential Amino Acid ◽

Food Habits ◽

Psychological Disorder ◽

Serotonin Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽

Pass Through ◽

Three Factor

Abstract. Emotion-related impulsivity, defined as the tendency to say or do things that one later regret during periods of heightened emotion, has been tied to a broad range of psychopathologies. Previous work has suggested that emotion-related impulsivity is tied to an impaired function of the serotonergic system. Central serotonin synthesis relies on the intake of the essential amino acid, tryptophan and its ability to pass through the blood brain barrier. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between emotion-related impulsivity and tryptophan intake. Methods: Undergraduate participants (N = 25, 16 women, 9 men) completed a self-rated measure of impulsivity (Three Factor Impulsivity Index, TFI) and daily logs of their food intake and exercise. These data were coded using the software NutriNote to evaluate intakes of tryptophan, large neutral amino acids, vitamins B6/B12, and exercise. Results: Correlational analyses indicated that higher tryptophan intake was associated with significantly lower scores on two out of three subscales of the TFI, Pervasive Influence of Feelings scores r = –.502, p < . 010, and (lack-of) Follow-Through scores, r = –.407, p < . 050. Conclusion: Findings provide further evidence that emotion-related impulsivity is correlated to serotonergic indices, even when considering only food habits. It also suggests the need for more research on whether tryptophan supplements might be beneficial for impulsive persons suffering from a psychological disorder.

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