In vitro metabolic activation of ethidium bromide and other phenanthridinium compounds: Mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium

1977 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Macgregor ◽  
Ingrid J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation

scholarly journals Evaluation of mutagenic activity of the pesticides: actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac in the Ames test

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazira S Karamova ◽  
Alexandra P Denisova ◽  
Zenon Stasevski
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
S9 Fraction

The mutagenic activity of five pesticides actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac widely used for treatment of potato plant lands in Tatarstan was tested in the Ames test. The non toxic concentrations of the pesticides determined in preliminary cytotoxicty test were used in the Ames assay. Pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac did not show mutagenic effect in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 without rat liver S9 fraction. The weak mutagenic effect of herbicide sencor was established at concentration 1 ug/plate. Metabolic activation in vitro using rat liver S9 fraction decreased the mutagenic activity of sencor and did not alter the mutagenicity rate of the pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb and fastac.

scholarly journals Origanum majoranaEssential Oil Lacks Mutagenic Activity in theSalmonella/Microsome and Micronucleus Assays

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea dos Santos Dantas ◽  
Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior ◽  
Miriana S. Machado ◽  
Temenouga N. Guecheva ◽  
Luciana D. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Chromosome Mutation ◽  
Origanum Majorana

The present study aimed to investigate thein vitromutagenic activity ofOriganum majoranaessential oil. The most abundant compounds identified by GC-MS wereγ-terpinene (25.73%),α-terpinene (17.35%), terpinen-4-ol (17.24%), and sabinene (10.8%). Mutagenicity was evaluated by theSalmonella/microsome test using the preincubation procedure on TA98, TA97a, TA100, TA102, and TA1535Salmonella typhimuriumstrains, in the absence or in the presence of metabolic activation. Cytotoxicity was detected at concentrations higher than 0.04 μL/plate in the absence of S9 mix and higher than 0.08 μL/plate in the presence of S9 mix and no gene mutation increase was observed. For thein vitromammalian cell micronucleus test, V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts were used. Cytotoxicity was only observed at concentrations higher than or equal to 0.05 μg/mL. Moreover, when tested in noncytotoxic concentrations,O. majoranaessential oil was not able to induce chromosome mutation. The results from this study therefore suggest thatO. majoranaessential oil is not mutagenic at the concentrations tested in theSalmonella/microsome and micronucleus assays.

Toxicity, mutagenicity and stability assessment of simply produced electrolyzed water as a wound healing agent in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712095215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Reis ◽  
H Sipahi ◽  
O Dinc ◽  
T Kavaz ◽  
M Charehsaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
L929 Cell ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Electrolyzed Water ◽  
Healing Agent

Over the last decade, electrolyzed water (EW) produced by salt and tap water has gained importance due to its antimicrobial effects. Regarding to chlorine-based compounds, EW also used in post-harvest safety of food processing and sterilization of surfaces. The latest studies suggested that EW might act as wound healing agent due to anti-infective and cell proliferative properties. In this study, we evaluated acute contact cytotoxicity in L929 mice fibroblast cells and wound healing activity of EWs in vitro. In addition, mutagenic activity was evaluated by Ames test with and without metabolic activation by S9 fraction and the stability profile of freshly prepared EWs has been followed up. According to the results, strong acid (StAEW) and mixed EW (MEW) showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity due to possible high HOCl concentration, while slightly acidic and catholyte EW (CEW) were not cytotoxic even applied directly for 30 sec. Further, StAEW and CEW showed a significant increase in L929 cell migration in scratch assay. Likewise, with/ without metabolic activation, neither of EWs had shown mutagenic profile in TA 98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium. Follow-up of ORP (oxidation-reduction potential), pH and FCC (free chlorine concentration) showed that temperature and light were important storage conditions to maintain a stable profile particularly for ORP and FCC, which are the most important indicators for biological activity of EW. According to the present findings, it can be suggested that particularly StAEW, may represent a valuable wound healing agent with an achievable, economical and easy production system when stored under proper conditions.

scholarly journals Wastewaters of meat-processing enterprise: assessment of genotoxic potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 18002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ivanchenko ◽  
Rustem Khabibullin ◽  
Rahat Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Processing Enterprise

Environmental pollution and ecosystem dysfunction are one of the most important problems of the today’s world. Assessment of toxigenic properties of effluents from the meat-processing enterprise was carried out using the short-term microorganisms biotests in vitro. Both native waste water and its ether and water fractions were investigated. The probes’ sterilization was carried out by filtration through the sterile membrane filters Synpor with pores diameter of 0.45 m. Mutagenic activity of wastewaters was determined using the Salmonella/microsomes plate with in vitro metabolic activation and without metabolic activation (Ames test). As a metobolic activation the rat liver microsomes were used. Studying of the DNA-damaging activity was carried out using the suspension method modification on the mutant Escherichia coli strains, in which the functioning of one reparation systems is suppressed: uvrA-, recAand рol A-. Native waste water doesn’t have an influence on the mutant strains recAand рol A-, its survivability degree is in the range 96-100%. However, DNA-damaging action was registered for the strain with the damaged excision repair (uvrA-), survivability of which was 81.31%. Ames test of wastewater and its fractions didn’t reveal any mutagenic activity. The tests used in this work allow one to comprehensively estimate the genetic danger of the enterprise wastewaters within a short time and are recommended as test-systems for monitoring the ecological safety of wastewaters.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Tests Confirm That New Acetylacetonate Pt(II) Complexes Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Interacting with Nongenomic Biological Targets

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Angelica De Pascali ◽  
Federica Lugoli ◽  
Antonella De Donno ◽  
Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Selective Substitution ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Mutation Assay

New platinum(II) complexes [PtCl(O,O′-acac)(L)] (1) and [Pt(O,O′-acac)(-acac)(L)] (2) (, a; DMS, b) containing a single chelated (O,O′-acac) (1), or one chelated and one -bonded (-acac) acetylacetonate (2) have been synthesized. The new Pt(II) complexes exhibited high in vitro cytotoxicity on cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines and showed negligible reactivity with nucleobases (Guo and 5′-GMP) but selective substitution of DMSO/DMS with soft biological nucleophiles, such as L-methionine. In order to assess the ability of the new complexes with respect to cisplatin to induce apoptosis by interaction with nongenomic targets, the Ames' test, a standard reverse mutation assay, was carried out on two Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98 and TA100). Interestingly, the new complexes did not show the well-known mutagenic activity exhibited by cisplatin and are, therefore, able to activate apoptotic pathways without interacting with DNA.

scholarly journals An in vitro genotoxicity study of silver amalgam on Ames test

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Hassan ◽  
S.A Omar ◽  
Zaihan Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Silver Amalgam ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
In Vitro Genotoxicity

Silver amalgam/Silverfil Argentum® is a ‘Malaysian made amalgam’ has already been approved to be free from cytotoxicity, however its genotoxic effect has not been explored yet as biocompatible material. The objective of this study was to identify the genotoxic characteristic of silver amalgam by using Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (Ames test). This was a descriptive experimental study involving one strain of mutated Salmonella. The test material was evaluated in one mutated strain of Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 with and without an external metabolic activation system (S9 Mix). The bacteria were incubated for 48 hours at 37±0.5ºC before the colony growth or revertant colonies were counted. Data obtained were analyzed by using non-statistical method. The investigation of the genotoxic reaction on the test material revealed thatthe number of revertant colonies in both strains with and without S9 Mix were less than twice of the negative control even in the presence of high silver amalgam concentrations (5.0μg/ml). This study demonstratedthat the test material did not exhibit any mutagenic activity under the chosen conditions. Thus, silver amalgam could be considered to have no genotoxicity effect.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF THE DRUG ON THE BASIS OF LACTIC AND PROPIONIC MICROORGANISMS IN VITRO

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Rin S. Mukhammadiev ◽  
◽  
Rish S. Mukhammadiev ◽  
L.R. Valiullin ◽  
N.R. Kasanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
And Control

The mutagenic activity of the drug based on strains of lactic acid and propionic acid microorganisms showed that the studied drug and its metabolites did not induce reverse mutations from histidine auxotrophy to prototrophy in histidine-dependent Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. The number of revertant colonies in the experiment and control differed significantly less than 2.0 times. The drug had a low MI of 1.0-1.1 for the TA98 strain and 0.96-1.07 for the TA100 strain. The data obtained indicate the safety of the drug based on lactic acid and propionic acid microorganisms, as well as the possibility of its further use in agriculture and veterinary medicine.

Mutagenic activities of ten imidazole derivatives in Salmonella typhimurium

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Aydoğan ◽  
Mehtap Kutlu
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Phenyl Group ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Imidazole Derivatives ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Incorporation Assay ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractTen imidazole derivatives were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 both in the absence and presence of metabolic activation by the microsomal fraction S9 mix. In a general manner, derivatives tested exhibited a greater mutagenic activity in the TA100 strain comparing to the responses in TA 98. In the standard plate incorporation assay, 8 of these substances (80%) were found to be mutagenic for at least one of the two strains in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. Two compounds showed positive results in TA98 and 6 compounds were also mutagenic in TA100 without S9. In the presence of S9 mix, all of the 10 substances were non-mutagenic in TA98, whereas 4 compounds were positive in TA100. The results suggested the mutagenic potentials of the imidazole derivatives particularly inducing the reversion of base-pair substitutions. According to the structure-activity relationships phenyl groups in position 2 with different substituents can confer the mutagenic activity of the tested compounds. Methyl groups in different positions of these phenyl substituents can cause different types of mutations. This mutagenic effect is observed more clearly when the phenyl group is inhibited with a nitro group.

Genotoxicity Testing of Cooked Cured Meat Pigment (CCMP) and Meat Emulsion Coagulates Prepared with CCMP

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. STEVANOVIĆ ◽  
P. ČADEŽ ◽  
B. ŽLENDER ◽  
M. FILIPIČ
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Meat Emulsion ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Umu Test ◽  
Musculus Quadriceps ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
Residual Nitrite

The preformed cooked cured meat pigment (CCMP) synthesized directly from bovine red blood cells or through a hemin intermediate was found to be a viable colorant for application to comminuted pork as a nitrite substitute. However the genotoxicity of CCMP and meat emulsion coagulates prepared with CCMP has not been evaluated. Therefore the objectives of this work were to investigate genotoxicity of CCMP and the influence of CCMP addition on genotoxicity and the content of residual nitrite in model meat emulsion coagulates. Meat emulsions were prepared from white (musculus longissimus dorsi) and red (musculus quadriceps femoris) pork muscles with two different amounts of synthesized pigment CCMP. Comparatively, emulsions with fixed addition of nitrite salt and emulsions without any addition for color development were made. Genotoxicity of CCMP and meat emulsion coagulates was tested with the SOS/umu test and the Ames test. Neither CCMP nor meat emulsion coagulates prepared with CCMP or nitrite salt were genotoxic in the SOS/umu test. In the Ames test using Salmonella Typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 samples of coagulates prepared with CCMP and with nitrite showed weak mutagenic activity in Salmonella Typhimurium strain TA100 but only in the absence of the metabolic activation, while CCMP was not mutagenic. Coagulates prepared with CCMP contained significantly less residual nitrite than coagulates prepared with nitrite salt. These results indicate that from the human health standpoint the substitution of nitrite salt with CCMP would be highly recommendable.

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