Thermal and spectroscopic characterization of reaction products of aluminium hydroxyacetate-chromium nitrate interaction at different temperatures

1989 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.R. Fouda ◽  
R.S. Amin ◽  
M.M. Selim
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Chromium Nitrate ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Different Temperatures

scholarly journals Spectroscopic characterization of the interaction of lithium with thin films of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (47) ◽  
pp. 25969-25977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Olschewski ◽  
René Gustus ◽  
Marcel Marschewski ◽  
Oliver Höfft ◽  
Frank Endres
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Reaction Products

In this experimental investigation lithium and [OMIm]Tf2N were evaporated in thin films on a copper substrate and reaction products were analyzed by XPS and UPS.

Chemical composition and volatility distribution of SOA formed by ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene between 213-313 K

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyu Gao ◽  
Magdalena Vallon ◽  
Junwei Song ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Thomas Leisner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Iodide Ions ◽  
Phase Partitioning ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Different Temperatures

<p>β-Caryophyllene is the most common and abundant of the sesquiterpenes emitted into the atmosphere (Duhl et al., 2008). Although sesquiterpene emission rates were estimated to be only 9–16% of the total terpene emissions (Duhl et al., 2008), they are more reactive and larger in size than monoterpenes. Consequently, their aerosol mass yields are large and result in a significant contribution to the SOA budget in the atmosphere (Tasoglou and Pandis, 2015). Therefore, we studied the composition of both gas and particle phases as well as phase partitioning of SOA from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene in presence and absence of NOx at five temperatures (213 K, 243 K, 273 K, 298 and 313 K) in the AIDA aerosol simulation chamber. This work focusses on the characterization of the SOA by mass spectrometry employing a FIGAERO-HR-TOF-CIMS operated with iodide ions and a HR-TOF-AMS (both Aerodyne Inc.). Particle phase analysis shows three groups of compound masses with m/z 240-400, (C<sub>5-16</sub>),  (m/z 400-560, (C<sub>20-34</sub>), and m/z 560-680, (C<sub>35-40</sub>) classified as monomers, dimers, and trimers, respectively.  Trimeric compounds were observed preferentially in SOA formed at higher temperatures (273 K, 298 K, 313 K), while only monomeric and dimeric compounds were detected at lower temperatures (243 K and 213 K). Interestingly, dimeric compounds, including C<sub>x</sub>H<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> and C<sub>x</sub>H<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub>N<sub>1</sub>, contribute more to SOA mass for the lower temperatures. Comparing volatility distributions for the five different temperatures using the Volatility Basis Set (VBS) and thermal desorption information from FIGAERO-CIMS (298-473 K) we find more compounds with lower volatility for lower SOA formation temperatures. This contribution will discuss the volatility distributions obtained with and without NOx as well as the abundance of specific reaction products.</p>

Structure and Characterization of Sol-gel and Aerogel Materials and Oxidation Products from the Reaction of (CH3O)4Si and C16H33Si(OCH3)3

2002 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Tillotson ◽  
John G. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Supercritical Drying ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Stable Forms

ABSTRACTReactions of (CH3O)4Si and C16H33Si(OCH3)3 at various mole ratios were performed in methanol using base and acid catalysis. Sol-gel materials were formed that have low surface areas (∼10 m2/g). Subsequent supercritical drying using CO2 at 40 °C produced materials that are very different than traditional aerogels, with surface areas around the same values as the corresponding sol-gels, as well as no detectable meso-pore features. In some cases, the aerogels even melted upon heating. Spectroscopic characterization, using IR, 29Si and 13C NMR revealed normal Si-O substitution as well as incorporation of the carbon chain into the Si framework.Heating of the stable forms of the materials in air at different temperatures yielded, depending upon oxidation conditions, several materials with much higher surface areas, typical of aerogels. Pore size distribution measurements revealed meso-pore features with a narrow distribution around 35Å. Spectroscopic characterization revealed the disappearance of the R-Si substitution and the appearance of an oxidized intermediate.This paper will describe the chemistry and characterization of these unusual sol-gels, aerogels, and oxidation products, as well as potential applications.

Spectroscopic characterization of lithium combustion

2014 ◽  
Vol 1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Brockhinke ◽  
Julia Koppmann ◽  
Regina Brockhinke ◽  
Renate Kellermann ◽  
Helmut Eckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Lithium Oxide ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Gaseous Reaction ◽  
Energy Storage Material

ABSTRACTIn this work, the exothermic reaction of the chemical energy storage material for stranded renewable energy, lithium is analyzed in carbon dioxide (CO2) and air. Spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the reaction of bulk lithium pellets of up to 1 g weight. In comparison, power plant applicable combustion of atomized lithium spray was analyzed.Electrical high voltage spark was used to overcome to activation energy of the combustion for the experiments with bulk lithium. The lithium spray was successfully ignited by pre-heating the reaction gases (air and CO2).Radiation temperature of the bulk lithium during reaction in air was calculated to 2260 K. The observed green and red emission of the lithium combustion could be demonstrated in the spectral analysis.In CO2 atmosphere the reaction products were found to be lithium carbonate with little lithium oxide. Beside, lithium carbide could be detected in the reaction product of the combustion of bulk lithium. The gaseous reaction product carbon monoxide (CO), which could be further converted with hydrogen from renewable sources to valuable methanol or gasoline, was detected online by gas analysis.

TEM characterization of reaction zone in a SiC fiber-reinforced titanium alloy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
G. Das ◽  
R. E. Omlor
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Reaction Zone ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Sic Fibers ◽  
Sic Fiber ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Immense Potential

Fiber reinforced titanium alloys hold immense potential for applications in the aerospace industry. However, chemical reaction between the fibers and the titanium alloys at fabrication temperatures leads to the formation of brittle reaction products which limits their development. In the present study, coated SiC fibers have been used to evaluate the effects of surface coating on the reaction zone in the SiC/IMI829 system.IMI829 (Ti-5.5A1-3.5Sn-3.0Zr-0.3Mo-1Nb-0.3Si), a near alpha alloy, in the form of PREP powder (-35 mesh), was used a茸 the matrix. CVD grown AVCO SCS-6 SiC fibers were used as discontinuous reinforcements. These fibers of 142μm diameter contained an overlayer with high Si/C ratio on top of an amorphous carbon layer, the thickness of the coating being ∽ 1μm. SCS-6 fibers, broken into ∽ 2mm lengths, were mixed with IMI829 powder (representing < 0.1vol%) and the mixture was consolidated by HIP'ing at 871°C/0. 28GPa/4h.

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