Studies on the potent bacterial mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone: aqueous stability, XAD recovery and analytical determination in drinking water and in chlorinated humic acid solutions

1988 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 723
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Acid Solutions

WETTABILITY OF MONTMORILLONITE CLAYS IN HUMIC ACID SOLUTIONS

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan de Dios García López-Durán ◽  
Asmae Khaldoun ◽  
Mohamed Larbi Kerkeb ◽  
María del Mar Ramos-Tejada ◽  
Fernando González-Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Montmorillonite Clays

scholarly journals Low-Pressure Membrane for Water Treatment Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Huda AlFannakh ◽  
Heba Abdallah ◽  
S. S. Ibrahim ◽  
Basma Souayeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Polyethersulfone Membrane ◽  
Contaminated Drinking Water

Three ultrafiltration membranes were prepared using phase separation techniques. The membranes were characterized by scan electron microscope, porosity, pore size distribution measurement, and mechanical properties. The membrane performance was carried out using synthetic solutions from humic acid and tap water to express the contaminated drinking water. The polyvinylidene difluoride (M2) has the highest tensile strength 33.2 MPa with elongation of 52.3%, while polyacrylonitrile (M3) has the lowest mechanical properties, tensile strength 16.4 MPa with elongation of 42.7%. Polyethersulfone membrane (M1) provides the highest removal of humic acid, which was 99.5, 98.8, and 98.2% using feed concentrations 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g/l, respectively, while M3 provides the highest permeate flux which was 250, 234.4, and 201.4 l/m2 h using feed concentrations 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g/l, respectively. Analysis of water samples indicates that the prepared membranes can be used to treat the contaminated drinking water which produced the high quality of drinking water after treatment.

Effect of calcium ion on the fouling of nanofilter by humic acid in drinking water production

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 2180-2186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Hoon Yoon ◽  
Chung-Hak Lee ◽  
Kyu-Jin Kim ◽  
Anthony G. Fane
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Concurrent removal of humic acid and o-dichlorobenzene in drinking water by combined ozonation and bentonite coagulation process

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3061-3068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Gu ◽  
Xingwang zhang ◽  
Lecheng Lei ◽  
Xianjun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Wide Range

Combined ozonation and bentonite coagulation process (COBC) was investigated as a method of concurrently removing humic acid (HA) and o-dichlorobenzene (DCB) from drinking water. In this process, HA and DCB were removed by joint effect of catalytic ozonation and bentonite coagulation. HA removal was highly dependent on the coagulation process while DCB removal was dependent on the oxidation process in COBC. Iron in solution not only acted as a coagulant, but also promoted the formation of HO∙, which is effective in destroying aromatic chemicals. Bentonite in COBC improved the coagulation process, resulting in an enhancement in the treating efficiency. COBC is proved to be potentially advantageous on dissolved pollutants in drinking water, and appears to have great potential for a wide range of practical applications.

scholarly journals Temperature Induced Aggregation and Clouding in Humic Acid Solutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Shaffer ◽  
Ray von Wandruszka
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Inverse Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Coulombic Repulsion ◽  
Polarity Sensitive ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Humic acids in aqueous solution demonstrate inverse temperature-solubility relationships when solution conditions are manipulated to reduce coulombic repulsion among the humic polyanions. These effects were followed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements of the resulting aggregates, as well as the addition of a polarity sensitive fluorescent probe (pyrene). The humic solutions could be primed for temperature induced clouding by carefully lowering the pH to a point where hydration effects became dominant. The exact value of the cloud point (CP) was a function of both pH and humate concentration. The CPs mostly lay in the range 50–90°C, but DLS showed that temperature induced aggregation proceeded from approximately 30°C onward. Similar effects could be achieved by adding multivalent cations at concentrations below those which cause spontaneous precipitation. The declouding of clouded humate solutions could be affected by lowering the temperature combined with mechanical agitation to disentangle the humic polymers.

Estradiol Uptake in a Combined Magnetic Ion Exchange - Ultrafiltration (MIEX-UF) Process During Water Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Imbrogno ◽  
Jennifer Biscarat ◽  
Andrea Iris Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Magnetic Ion

Background: Estrogens and their synthetic analogues are widely used as pharmaceuticals. Upon oral administration these drugs are eventually excreted via urine. The persistence of these pharmaceuticals and inefficient removal by water treatment lead to accumulation in surface water and effluents with negative effects for aquatic life and human health. Methods: In this study, the uptake of estradiol by a combined magnetic ion exchange resin - ultrafiltration process (MIEX-UF) was investigated. This is a relatively common process used in drinking water treatment for the removal of natural organic matter. However, uptake of micropollutants, such as steroidal pharmaceuticals, may occur as a side effect of water treatment due to the high affinity for polymeric materials. To elucidate the mechanism governing estradiol partitioning between water, resin and membrane, the influence of different parameters, such as pH, humic acid concentration and membrane molecular-weight-cut-off (MWCO) was studied. Results: Humic acid concentration and pH affected estradiol uptake most. At pH 11 the most significant increase of estradiol uptake was observed for MIEX-UF process (30 ng/g corresponding to 80%) compared with individual UF (17 ng/g corresponding to 12%). The presence of humic acid slightly reduced estradiol uptake at pH 11 (about 55%) due to competition for the ion exchange binding sites. Conclusion: Results demonstrated that the uptake of estradiol, which is amongst the most potent EDCs detected in surface water, in the MIEX-UF process can reach significant quantities (30 ng/g of resin) leading to uncontrolled accumulation of this micropollutant during drinking water treatment. This study gives a novel contribution in the understanding the mechanism of the unanticipated accumulation of pharmaceuticals, such as estradiol, in the drinking water treatment process.

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