Use of estimated breeding value microcomputer programs to improve pork production efficiency

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Schinckel
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value

scholarly journals 45 A permutation test for validation of genomic estimated breeding values

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Zahra Karimi ◽  
Brian Sullivan ◽  
Mohsen Jafarikia
Keyword(s):  
Permutation Test ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Type I ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Small Data Sets ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Top 40

Abstract Previous studies have shown that the accuracy of Genomic Estimated Breeding Value (GEBV) as a predictor of future performance is higher than the traditional Estimated Breeding Value (EBV). The purpose of this study was to estimate the potential advantage of selection on GEBV for litter size (LS) compared to selection on EBV in the Canadian swine dam line breeds. The study included 236 Landrace and 210 Yorkshire gilts born in 2017 which had their first farrowing after 2017. GEBV and EBV for LS were calculated with data that was available at the end of 2017 (GEBV2017 and EBV2017, respectively). De-regressed EBV for LS in July 2019 (dEBV2019) was used as an adjusted phenotype. The average dEBV2019 for the top 40% of sows based on GEBV2017 was compared to the average dEBV2019 for the top 40% of sows based on EBV2017. The standard error of the estimated difference for each breed was estimated by comparing the average dEBV2019 for repeated random samples of two sets of 40% of the gilts. In comparison to the top 40% ranked based on EBV2017, ranking based on GEBV2017 resulted in an extra 0.45 (±0.29) and 0.37 (±0.25) piglets born per litter in Landrace and Yorkshire replacement gilts, respectively. The estimated Type I errors of the GEBV2017 gain over EBV2017 were 6% and 7% in Landrace and Yorkshire, respectively. Considering selection of both replacement boars and replacement gilts using GEBV instead of EBV can translate into increased annual genetic gain of 0.3 extra piglets per litter, which would more than double the rate of gain observed from typical EBV based selection. The permutation test for validation used in this study appears effective with relatively small data sets and could be applied to other traits, other species and other prediction methods.

A method for reducing inbreeding with Best Linear Unbiased Prediction

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
B Grundy ◽  
WG Hill
Keyword(s):  
Best Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased Predictor ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
Commercial Environment ◽  
Unbiased Prediction

An optimum way of selecting animals is through a prediction of their genetic merit (estimated breeding value, EBV), which can be achieved using a best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) (Henderson, 1975). Selection decisions in a commercial environment, however, are rarely made solely on genetic merit but also on additional factors, an important example of which is to limit the accumulation of inbreeding. Comparison of rates of inbreeding under BLUP for a range of hentabilities highlights a trend of increasing inbreeding with decreasing heritability. It is therefore proposed that selection using a heritability which is artificially raised would yield lower rates of inbreeding than would otherwise be the case.

scholarly journals Application of selection index method to combine two generations of estimated breeding value in pigs.

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Hiroshi TAKAHASHI ◽  
Takashige SUGIMOTO ◽  
Akio NIBE ◽  
Allan SCHINCKEL ◽  
Yasuo AMEMIYA
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value

Genetic line × concentrate level interactions for milk production and feed efficiency in dairy cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
G. L. Roy ◽  
A. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. McAllister ◽  
T. R. Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Line ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Concentrate Level

Early first lactation data from 2230 cows of five research herds of Agriculture Canada were used to study the interactions of genetic line by concentrate level, and sire by concentrate level and to estimate breeding values of sires. The genetic lines were defined as Holstein (H), Ayrshire (A), and H × A or A × H (C). The interactions of sire by concentrate level were studied separately using progeny of five different mating groups: G1, H sires mated to H cows; G2, H sires mated to H, A and C cows; G3, A sires mated to A cows; G4, A sires mated to H, A and C cows; and G5, C sires mated to C cows. The interactions of genetic line by concentrate were significant (P < 0.05) for 56- to 112-d milk yield (MY112), corrected 56-to 112-d milk yield (CMY112) and feed efficiency (EFMY112 = MY112/TDN consumption). H and C cows produced more milk and were more efficient than A cows when fed high levels of concentrate. The H cattle possess a greater capacity to convert the concentrate into milk, while A cattle reach maximum milk production earlier than H cattle. The interactions of sire by concentrate were statistically significant for MY112, EFMY112 and CMY112 in G1 (P < 0.01), and G2 (P < 0.01). The breeding values of sires for MY112 were estimated using BLUP for all of the H line (BLUP-T), for half of the population consuming low amounts of concentrate (BLUP-L) and for the other half consuming high amounts (BLUP-H). A significant reranking of sires was found among the three groups. Key words: Genotype × environment interaction, milk production, efficiency, breeding value, dairy cattle

Genomic prediction of weight and wool traits in a multi-breed sheep population

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Moghaddar ◽  
A. A. Swan ◽  
J. H. J. van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Genomic Relationship Matrix ◽  
Relationship Matrix ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Australian Sheep ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
Breed Sheep

The objective of this study was to predict the accuracy of genomic prediction for 26 traits, including weight, muscle, fat, and wool quantity and quality traits, in Australian sheep based on a large, multi-breed reference population. The reference population consisted of two research flocks, with the main breeds being Merino, Border Leicester (BL), Poll Dorset (PD), and White Suffolk (WS). The genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) was based on GBLUP (genomic best linear unbiased prediction), applying a genomic relationship matrix calculated from the 50K Ovine SNP chip marker genotypes. The accuracy of GEBV was evaluated as the Pearson correlation coefficient between GEBV and accurate estimated breeding value based on progeny records in a set of genotyped industry animals. The accuracies of weight traits were relatively low to moderate in PD and WS breeds (0.11–0.27) and moderate to relatively high in BL and Merino (0.25–0.63). The accuracy of muscle and fat traits was moderate to relatively high across all breeds (between 0.21 and 0.55). The accuracy of GEBV of yearling and adult wool traits in Merino was, on average, high (0.33–0.75). The results showed the accuracy of genomic prediction depends on trait heritability and the effective size of the reference population, whereas the observed GEBV accuracies were more related to the breed proportions in the multi-breed reference population. No extra gain in within-breed GEBV accuracy was observed based on across breed information. More investigations are required to determine the precise effect of across-breed information on within-breed genomic prediction.

Effects of growth path, sire type, calving time and sex on growth and carcass characteristics of beef cattle in the agricultural area of Western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McIntyre ◽  
G. D. Tudor ◽  
D. Read ◽  
W. Smart ◽  
T. J. Della Bosca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
The Imf

Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the steer and heifer progeny of autumn (AC: March–April) and winter (WC: June–July) calving cows following weaning in January in each of 3 years (2003–05) were measured. The cows were mated to sires with a high estimated breeding value for either retail beef yield (RBY), intramuscular fat (IMF) or both RBY and IMF. After weaning, the progeny entered one of three growth paths until slaughter at an average steer liveweight of 500 kg: (i) fast – fast growth from weaning on a high concentrate feedlot diet; (ii) slow – slow growth from weaning (~0.6 kg/day) to 400 kg liveweight followed by growth at over 1 kg/day on high quality pasture; or (iii) comp. – 10% weaning weight loss, immediately after weaning followed by compensatory or rapid growth of over 1 kg/day on high quality pasture. Steers on the fast growth path had higher (P < 0.001) P8 fat thickness than those on the slow or comp. growth paths whereas heifers on the fast growth path only had higher (P < 0.001) P8 fat thickness than those on the slow growth path. Animals on the fast growth treatment had higher (P < 0.001) levels of IMF% than the slow animals which were higher (P < 0.001) than the comp. growth treatment. AUS-MEAT and US marbling scores were not different among growth paths. Animals finished on the fast growth path had a lower (P < 0.001) RBY% than those on either the slow or comp. growth paths. The RBY-sired progeny had higher (P < 0.001) finishing liveweight and hot standard carcass weight than either RBY and IMF or IMF-sired animals. IMF-sired progeny had higher (P < 0.01) rib fat thickness than either RBY or RBY- and IMF-sired animals. There was also a similar trend for P8 fat thickness but the effects were not significant. The RBY-sired animals had lower AUS-MEAT marbling scores (P < 0.01), US marbling scores (P < 0.001) and levels of IMF% (P < 0.01) than either of the other two sire treatments. RBY-sired animals also had higher (P < 0.001) estimated RBY% than those from the IMF sires while those by RBY and IMF sires were intermediate and not significantly different from either. Calving time had little influence on most carcass characteristics. However, WC animals tended to be fatter and have higher marbling scores than AC animals. The IMF% was higher (P < 0.01) in WC animals from RBY and IMF sires than in the corresponding AC animals. Heifers had lighter slaughter liveweight, carcass weight, were fatter and had higher marbling scores than steers. Heifers also had lower (P < 0.001) RBY% than the steers. Ossification scores for heifers were higher (P < 0.001) than for steers by ~30 units in AC calves and by 20 units in WC calves. The results of this experiment confirm the effectiveness of using sires with high estimated breeding value for the required characteristics in producing the desired improvements in the progeny. The absence of any interactions of sire type with growth path indicates that differences between sire types will be similar regardless of environmental conditions. Animals raised on a faster growth path after weaning produce carcasses with more fat and more IMF% than those grown on slower growth paths.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters for growth related traits at different stages of development in Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Liu ◽  
S. L. Chen ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
Y. P. Zhang ◽  
Y. S. Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Paralichthys Olivaceus ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

Genetic parameters of growth traits at different growing stages of Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) were estimated using 30 families. The estimates of heritability for body weight at four developmental stages viz., 210, 450, 720 and 830 days of age, varied from 0.12 to 0.37. The heritability at 720 days of age was the lowest and that of 450 days was the highest. The maternal effect was 0.08 at 210 days, 0.03 at 450 days and almost zero (8.89 E-8 and 2.40 E-7) at 720 and 830 days. Correlation coefficients of the estimated breeding value (EBV) and phenotypic value (PV) of body weight at different developmental stages were 0.470-0.803, which were highly significant (p<0.01). Correlation of estimated breeding value (EBV) and phenotypic value (PV) was the highest at 210 days of age and the lowest at 720 days. Genetic correlation among the four stages showed large variation (0.339-0.811), which were highly significant except that of 210 and 830 days. The value and accuracy of estimating genetic parameters for growth traits at different stages was different. Therefore, the growth stage should be taken into account when designing a breeding program for growth traits in P. olivaceus.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of genomic selection for milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mi Lee ◽  
Chang-Gwon Dang ◽  
Mohammad Z. Alam ◽  
You-Sam Kim ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value

Objective: This study was conducted to test the efficiency of genomic selection for milk production traits in a Korean Holstein cattle population.Methods: A total of 506,481 milk production records from 293,855 animals (2,090 heads with single nucleotide polymorphism information) were used to estimate breeding value by single step best linear unbiased prediction.Results: The heritability estimates for milk, fat, and protein yields in the first parity were 0.28, 0.26, and 0.23, respectively. As the parity increased, the heritability decreased for all milk production traits. The estimated generation intervals of sire for the production of bulls (L<sub>SB</sub>) and that for the production of cows (L<sub>SC</sub>) were 7.9 and 8.1 years, respectively, and the estimated generation intervals of dams for the production of bulls (L<sub>DB</sub>) and cows (L<sub>DC</sub>) were 4.9 and 4.2 years, respectively. In the overall data set, the reliability of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) increased by 9% on average over that of estimated breeding value (EBV), and increased by 7% in cows with test records, about 4% in bulls with progeny records, and 13% in heifers without test records. The difference in the reliability between GEBV and EBV was especially significant for the data from young bulls, i.e. 17% on average for milk (39% vs 22%), fat (39% vs 22%), and protein (37% vs 22%) yields, respectively. When selected for the milk yield using GEBV, the genetic gain increased about 7.1% over the gain with the EBV in the cows with test records, and by 2.9% in bulls with progeny records, while the genetic gain increased by about 24.2% in heifers without test records and by 35% in young bulls without progeny records.Conclusion: More genetic gains can be expected through the use of GEBV than EBV, and genomic selection was more effective in the selection of young bulls and heifers without test records.

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