Immunocytochemical localization of the major “Pathogenesis-related” (PR) protein of tomato plants

Plant Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vera ◽  
J. Hernández Yago ◽  
V. Conejero
Keyword(s):  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pr Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

scholarly journals Activation of Local and Systemic Defence Responses by Flg22 Is Dependent on Daytime and Ethylene in Intact Tomato Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8354
Author(s):  
Zalán Czékus ◽  
András Kukri ◽  
Kamirán Áron Hamow ◽  
Gabriella Szalai ◽  
Irma Tari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Defence Responses

The first line of plant defence responses against pathogens can be induced by the bacterial flg22 and can be dependent on various external and internal factors. Here, we firstly studied the effects of daytime and ethylene (ET) using Never ripe (Nr) mutants in the local and systemic defence responses of intact tomato plants after flg22 treatments. Flg22 was applied in the afternoon and at night and rapid reactions were detected. The production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide was induced by flg22 locally, while superoxide was induced systemically, in wild type plants in the light period, but all remained lower at night and in Nr leaves. Flg22 elevated, locally, the ET, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) levels in the light period; these levels did not change significantly at night. Expression of Pathogenesis-related 1 (PR1), Ethylene response factor 1 (ERF1) and Defensin (DEF) showed also daytime- and ET-dependent changes. Enhanced ERF1 and DEF expression and stomatal closure were also observable in systemic leaves of wild type plants in the light. These data demonstrate that early biotic signalling in flg22-treated leaves and distal ones is an ET-dependent process and it is also determined by the time of day and inhibited in the early night phase.

Immunocytochemical localization of tomato pectinesterase in root cells of tomato plants infected by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Chamberland ◽  
G. B. Ouellette ◽  
F. J. Pauzé ◽  
P. M. Charest
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Host Origin

Polyclonal antibodies produced against a purified commercial pectinesterase obtained from tomato plants permitted ultrastructural localization of this enzyme in the roots of young tomato plants infected by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker. In inoculated susceptible cultivars, gold labeling for pectinesterase was intense over electrondense material in the cortex intercellular spaces, in altered pit membranes in the vascular cylinder, and in the dense coating material deposited along vessel walls. Contrarily, in resistant or uninoculated susceptible plants, which lacked coating material in vessels, labelling was present but nonabundant in the intercellular spaces. The enzyme was not found in the hyphae, indicating that the labelled pectinesterase was probably of host origin. This study suggests the involvement of the tomato pectinesterase in the host reaction against infection by F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici.Key words: pectinesterase, immunocytochemistry, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici, tomato.

scholarly journals The Induction of Tomato Leucine Aminopeptidase Genes (LapA) After Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Infection Is Primarily a Wound Response Triggered by Coronatine

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Pautot ◽  
Frances M. Holzer ◽  
Josette Chaufaux ◽  
Linda L. Walling
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Wound Response ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Antisense Construct

Tomato plants constitutively express a neutral leucine aminopeptidase (LAP-N) and an acidic LAP (LAP-A) during floral development and in leaves in response to insect infestation, wounding, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection. To assess the physiological roles of LAP-A, a LapA-antisense construct (35S:asLapA1) was introduced into tomato. The 35S:asLapA1 plants had greatly reduced or showed undetectable levels of LAP-A and LAP-N proteins in healthy and wounded leaves and during floral development. Despite the loss of these aminopeptidases, no global changes in protein profiles were noted. The 35S:asLapA1 plants also exhibited no significant alteration in floral development and did not impact the growth and development of Manduca sexta and P. syringae pv. tomato growth rates during compatible or incompatible infections. To investigate the mechanism underlying the strong induction of LapA upon P. syringae pv. tomato infection, LapA expression was monitored after infection with coronatine-producing and -deficient P. syringae pv. tomato strains. LapA RNA and activity were detected only with the coronatine-producing P. syringae pv. tomato strain. Coronatine treatment of excised shoots caused increases in RNAs for jasmonic acid (JA)-regulated wound-response genes (LapA and pin2) but did not influence expression of a JA-regulated pathogenesis-related protein gene (PR-1). These results indicated that coronatine mimicked the wound response but was insufficient to activate JA-regulated PR genes.

Serological relationships between pathogenesis-related leaf proteins from four Nicotiana species, Solanum tuberosum, and Chenopodium amaranticolor

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Guy Parent ◽  
Richard Hogue ◽  
Alain Asselin
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Nicotiana Sylvestris ◽  
Pr Proteins ◽  
Chenopodium Amaranticolor ◽  
Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Pr Protein ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Protein B

Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi-nc, Nicotiana clevelandii Gray, Nicotiana rustica L., and Chenopodium amaranticolor Coste & Reyn. were infected with the U1 strain of tobacco mosaic virus and leaves of Nicotiana sylvestris Speg. & Comes and Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kennebec were infected with the U2 strain. After 10 days, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins from intercellular fluid extracts were separated by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (PAGE) systems for acidic or basic proteins, sometimes followed by denaturating PAGE with lithium dodecyl sulfate. PR proteins were then transferred to nitrocellulose to determine serological relationships. Using an antiserum directed against native PR protein b4 from 'Xanthi-nc' tobacco, serologically reacting acidic PR proteins could be detected in all plant species. Except for potato, related basic PR proteins were also found in all species. Serological relationships were further studied between 'Xanthi-nc' tobacco and 'Kennebec' potato PR proteins separated in PAGE gels under native conditions. Potato basic PR proteins with Rfs of 0.83, 0.85, and 1.00 were serologically related to tobacco acidic PR proteins of the b4 group. Potato acidic PR proteins with Rfs of 0.56, 0.58, 0.61, and 0.64 were related to tobacco acidic PR proteins of the b4 group. Potato acidic PR proteins with Rfs of 0.18 and 0.21 reacted with an antiserum against tobacco PR protein b9. Three potato acidic peroxidases were also serologically related to tobacco peroxidases b6a and b7a. Analysis with denaturing PAGE systems gave results difficult to interpret because bovine carbonic anhydrase, for example, cross-reacted with an antiserum against tobacco PR protein b4. A similar relationship could not be detected in PAGE systems under native conditions.

scholarly journals Utilization of Filamentous Phage ϕRSM3 to Control Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1204-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardian S. Addy ◽  
Ahmed Askora ◽  
Takeru Kawasaki ◽  
Makoto Fujie ◽  
Takashi Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Filamentous Phage ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Infected Cells

The wide host range of Ralstonia solanacearum, causal agent of bacterial wilt, and its ability to survive for long periods in the environment restrict the effectiveness of cultural and chemical control measures. The use of phages for disease control is a fast-expanding trend of plant protection with great potential to replace chemical measures. The filamentous phage ϕRSM3 that infects R. solanacearum strains and inactivates virulence on plants is a potential agent for controlling bacterial wilt in tomato. We demonstrated that inoculation of ϕRSM3-infected cells into tomato plants did not cause bacterial wilt. Instead, ϕRSM3-infected cells enhanced the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, including PR-1a, PR-2b, and PR7, in tomato plants. Moreover, pretreatment with ϕRSM-infected cells protect tomato plants from infection by virulent R. solanacearum strains. The effective dose of ϕRSM3-infected cells for disease prevention was determined to be approximately 105 CFU/ml. Because the ϕRSM3-infected cells can grow and continue to produce infectious phage particles under appropriate conditions, ϕRSM phages may serve as an efficient tool to control bacterial wilt in crops.

Molecular characterization of a novel tobacco pathogenesis-related (PR) protein: a new plant chitinase/lysozyme

1994 ◽  
Vol 245 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Heitz ◽  
S. Segond ◽  
S. Kauffmann ◽  
P. Geoffroy ◽  
V. Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Pr Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related
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