Avermectins in arthropod vector management — prospects and pitfalls

Mosquito index study of three ecologically different ecozones of the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala showed sharp difference on the proportionate distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Human dengue viremia (HDV) was very high in those ecozones where A.aegypti density was high and HDV was low where A.albopictus was high. In a coastal zone of Thiruvananthapuram city, A. aegypti was the most abundant vector and in a hilly, arid suburban zone, A.albopictus was the abundant vector. In the urban zone both species of mosquitoes showed equal distribution. Study on the circulating serotypes in the serum of HDV by Single step single tube Multiplex PCR showed all the four serotypes viz DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 in patients of Thiruvananthapuram city, which indicated the possibility of Dengue Shock Syndrome, unless there is efficient vector management. Among the four dengue serotypes, Type 1 was the most abundant virus. Abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram city, which support A. aegypti may be the reason for high prevalence of dengue fever in the urban zone.

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EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED PEST AND VECTOR MANAGEMENT (IPVM) PROGRAMME IN RICE

Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium ◽

10.31357/fesympo.v12i0.480 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (0) ◽

Author(s):

N. A.A.P.Nissanka ◽

L. H.P.Gunartne

Keyword(s):

Vector Management

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A Survey on Tick Infestation in Domestic Birds Sold at Gwagwalada Market, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.04.004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (04) ◽

pp. 4974

Author(s):

Ayoh Stephen O. ◽

Olanrewaju Comfort A*

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Tick Species ◽

Tick Infestation ◽

Guinea Fowl ◽

Vector Group ◽

Arthropod Vector ◽

Argas Persicus ◽

Domestic Birds ◽

Micro Organisms

Ticks transmit a greater variety of pathogenic micro-organisms than any other arthropod vector group, and are among the most important vectors of diseases affecting animals. A survey on the prevalence of tick species infesting domestic birds sold in Gwagwalada main market, Abuja between April and July, 2015. A total of 450 birds were examined by feather separation with fingers and a pair of forceps to expose the skin of the birds for presence of the ticks. An overall prevalence of 25.6% was observed. Out of the 150 domestic fowls examined 62(53.9%) were infested, 44(29.3%) of the 150 Guinea fowl and 9(6.0%) of the 150 Pigeons were infested. Of all the ticks identified, 93(51.4%) were from the Domestic Fowls and 77(42.5%) from the Guinea fowl and 11(6.0%) from Pigeon. Thirty (32.3%) of the ticks from the Domestic fowls were Argas persicus, 25(26.9%) Argas walkerae, 20 (21.5%) Ornithodorus moubata and 18(19.4%) Ornithodorus savignyi. Similarly, 34(44.2%) of the ticks from Guinea fowl were A. walkerae, 20(28.2%) O. moubataand 23(32.4%) O. savignyi. Five (45.5%) of the ticks from Pigeon were A. persicus, 4 (36.4%) were A. walkerae, 2 (18.2%) were O. moubata and no O. savignyi. Observation on the location of tick from the hosts body showed highest prevalence was found under the wings (55.2%) and lowest on the head & neck (5.00%). The result of this research revealed that Gwagwalada market poultry section is endemic of tick infestation. Chemical control with acaricides and improved management and sanitation of the poultry cages in the market should be enforced.

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Ecomore 2 project in Cambodia: Integrated vector management for dengue vectors in schools in an entomological/epidemiological approach

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1271 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. 487

Author(s):

S. Boyer ◽

D. Fontenille ◽

K. Chhuoy ◽

S. Yean ◽

K. Suor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Integrated Vector Management ◽

Vector Management ◽

Dengue Vectors ◽

Epidemiological Approach

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A Three-Pronged Approach to Studying Sublethal Insecticide Doses: Characterising Mosquito Fitness, Mosquito Biting Behaviour, and Human/Environmental Health Risks

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12060546 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 546

Author(s):

Mara Moreno-Gómez ◽

Rubén Bueno-Marí ◽

Miguel. A. Miranda

Keyword(s):

Environmental Health ◽

Population Size ◽

Mosquito Species ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Adult Mortality ◽

Negative Control ◽

Environmental Health Risks ◽

Vector Management ◽

Sublethal Doses ◽

Biting Behaviour

Worldwide, pyrethroids are one of the most widely used insecticide classes. In addition to serving as personal protection products, they are also a key line of defence in integrated vector management programmes. Many studies have assessed the effects of sublethal pyrethroid doses on mosquito fitness and behaviour. However, much remains unknown about the biological, physiological, demographic, and behavioural effects on individual mosquitoes or mosquito populations when exposure occurs via spatial treatments. Here, females and males of two laboratory-reared mosquito species, Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, were exposed to five different treatments: three doses of the pyrethroid prallethrin, as well as an untreated and a negative control. The effects of each treatment on mosquito species, sex, adult mortality, fertility, F1 population size, and biting behaviour were also evaluated. To compare knockdown and mortality among treatments, Mantel–Cox log-rank tests were used. The results showed that sublethal doses reduced mosquito survival, influencing population size in the next generation. They also provided 100% protection to human hosts and presented relatively low risks to human and environmental health. These findings emphasise the need for additional studies that assess the benefits of using sublethal doses as part of mosquito management strategies.

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