A field study of the relationship between bioindicators of maternal contaminant exposure and egg and larval viability of English sole (Parophrys vetulus)

Investigation of the interactive effects of representatives of three classes of compounds was performed, using English sole (Parophrys vetulus) as the test organism, juvenile fish were exposed orally to cadmium chloride and Aroclor 1254 (PCB), either independently or simultaneously, for a 4-wk period, followed by exposure to seawater-accommodated No. 2 diesel fuel for 2 wk. Blood was collected for analysis of serum constituents, and tissue samples were examined for histological changes. Hepatocellular necrosis, regeneration, and karyomegaly were observed. Differential lesion prevalences were observed among the exposure groups, with high proportions among cadmium-exposed fish, low proportions among PCB-exposed fish, and intermediate proportions in combination cadmium- plus PCB-exposed fish. Levels of aspartate aminotransferase activity and magnesium in the sera of these groups exhibited similar patterns. Depressed serum calcium levels in both PCB-exposed and cadmium- plus PCB-exposed groups were found after the first week, and lower serum albumin concentrations occurred in all cadmium- and PCB-exposed groups following the third week. Subsequent exposure to No. 2 diesel fuel produced few effects in any of the exposure groups. The observed antagonistic effect of Aroclor 1254 against cadmium toxicity emphasizes the importance of employing multiple as well as single contaminant exposure in toxicity studies.

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Relationships Between Anthropogenic Chemical Contaminant Exposure and Associated Changes in Reproductive Parameters in Male English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) Collected from Hylebos Waterway, Puget Sound, Washington

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00244-008-9140-7 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 627-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sean Y. Sol ◽

Lyndal L. Johnson ◽

Daryle Boyd ◽

O. Paul Olson ◽

Dan P. Lomax ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Puget Sound ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

English Sole ◽

Contaminant Exposure ◽

Chemical Contaminant ◽

Parophrys Vetulus

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Field studies of reproductive success and bioindicators of maternal contaminant exposure in English sole (Parophrys vetulus)

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/0048-9697(92)90372-y ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 116 (1-2) ◽

pp. 169-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Tracy K. Collier ◽

John E. Stein ◽

Herbert R. Sanborn ◽

Tom Hom ◽

Mark S. Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Field Studies ◽

English Sole ◽

Contaminant Exposure ◽

Parophrys Vetulus

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Contaminant Effects on Ovarian Development in English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, Washington

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f88-248 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 2133-2146 ◽

Cited By ~ 120

Author(s):

Lyndal L. Johnson ◽

Edmundo Casillas ◽

Tracy K. Collier ◽

Bruce B. McCain ◽

Usha Varanasi

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Development ◽

Gonadosomatic Index ◽

Puget Sound ◽

Contaminated Sites ◽

English Sole ◽

Contaminant Exposure ◽

Plasma Estradiol ◽

Xenobiotic Compounds ◽

Gonadal Recrudescence ◽

Parophrys Vetulus

In a study evaluating the effects of exposure to xenobiotic compounds on ovarian development in English sole (Parophrys vetulus), prespawning females were sampled from four sites in Puget Sound, Washington, during the 1986 and 1987 spawning seasons. Two sampling sites had high concentrations of xenobiotic compounds in the sediment, while the other sites were less contaminated. The following factors associated with ovarian maturation were measured: ovarian developmental stage, ovarian atresia, gonadosomatic index, plasma estradiol, and plasma vitellogenin as estimated from alkali-labile phosphorus. Contaminant exposure was assessed by measuring concentrations of fluorescent aromatic compounds in the bile, hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity, and hepatic polychlorinated biphenyl levels, and liver tissue was examined histologically for the presence of suspected toxicopathic lesions. Female English sole from the heavily contaminated sites were significantly less likely to undergo gonadal recrudescence and had lower mean levels of plasma estradiol than females from the less contaminated sites. The risk of inhibited gonadal recrudescence was significantly increased in sole with elevated hepatic AHH activity, and AHH activity was also significantly negatively correlated with plasma estradiol level. These findings suggest that contaminant exposure may interfere with ovarian development in female English sole.

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The Contribution of Urban Morphology to the Formation of the Microclimate in Compact Urban Cores: A Study in the City Center of Thessaloniki

Urban Science ◽

10.3390/urbansci5020037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Georgios-Rafail Kouklis ◽

Athena Yiannakou

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Urban Form ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Green Spaces ◽

City Center ◽

Outdoor Spaces ◽

Microclimatic Conditions ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of urban morphology to the formation of microclimatic conditions prevailing within urban outdoor spaces. We studied the compact form of a city and examined, at a detailed, street plan level, elements related to air temperature, urban ventilation, and the individual’s thermal comfort. All elements examined are directly affected by both the urban form and the availability of open and green spaces. The field study took place in a typical compact urban fabric of an old city center, the city center of Thessaloniki, where we investigated the relationship between urban morphology and microclimate. Urban morphology was gauged by examining the detailed street plan, along with the local building patterns. We used a simulation method based on the ENVI-met© software. The findings of the field study highlight the fact that the street layout, the urban canyon, and the open and green spaces in a compact urban form contribute decisively both to the creation of the microclimatic conditions and to the influence of the bioclimatic parameters.

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The Relationship Between High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Levels and Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): The FIELD Study

Heart Lung and Circulation ◽

10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.161 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. S68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Waldman ◽

A. Jenkins ◽

T. Davis ◽

R. O’Connell ◽

M. Ng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Field Study ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship between Creative Capabilities and Cultural Intelligence: Field Study of Amman’s Five-Star Hotels

International Journal of Business and Management ◽

10.5539/ijbm.v10n12p103 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 103 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ayad F. Altememi ◽

Imad A. Hassouneh ◽

Shaker Jarallah Alkshali

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Cultural Intelligence ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Simple Random Sample ◽

Significant Positive Relationship ◽

Independent Variable ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

This study aims to identify the relationship between the creative capabilities of workers in 5-star hotels in the city of Amman and their cultural intelligence. In its measurement of the creative capabilities as an independent variable, the study adopted a scale consisting of three dimensions, namely: fluency, flexibility and originality. Whereas it relied in measuring the cultural intelligence as a dependent variable, on a scale consisting of three dimensions, namely: knowledge (cognition), motivation and behavior. The study was conducted on a sample of (258) workers currently working in these hotels. The required particulars for this study were collected through a specially prepared questionnaire for this purpose after having reviewed multi previous studies. The sample was distributed according to the simple random sample mechanism. The study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between the dimensions of creative capabilities of workers in such hotels and their cultural intelligence. The study also included a set of recommendations and mechanisms that can be applied by the managements of these hotels to tackle some aspects of the dimensions constituting the cultural intelligence of workers.

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