The influence of the estrous cycle, persistent estrus, ovariectomy and estrogen replacement, on the numbers and frequency of spontaneously active neurons in slices of the rat preoptic region in vitro

Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins, which play an important role in water homeostasis in the uterus. According to the literature, the expression of aquaporins in reproductive structures depends on the local hormonal milieu. The current study investigated the effect of selected PKA kinase inhibitor H89 and MAPK kinase inhibitor PD98059, on the expression of AQP1, 2, 5, and 7, and steroid hormones (E2), progesterone (P4), and arachidonic acid (AA) in the porcine endometrium on days 18–20 and 2–4 of the estrous cycle (the follicular phase where estrogen and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are secreted increasingly in preparation for estrus and the luteal phase where the ovarian follicles begin the process of luteinization with the formation of the corpus luteum and progesterone secretion, respectively). The luminal epithelial cells were incubated in vitro in the presence of the aforementioned factors. The expression of mRNA was determined by the quantitative real-time PCR technique. In general, in Experiment 1, steroid hormones significantly increased expression of AQP1, 2, and 5 while arachidonic acid increased expression of AQP2 and AQP7. On the other hand, MAPK kinase inhibitor significantly decreased the expression of AQP1 and 5. In Experiment 2, E2, P4, or AA combined with kinase inhibitors differentially affected on AQPs expression. E2 in combination with PKA inhibitor significantly decreased expression of AQP1 but E2 or P4 combined with this inhibitor increased the expression of AQP5 and 7. On the contrary, E2 with PD98059 significantly increased AQP5 and AQP7 expression. Progesterone in combination with MAPK kinase inhibitor significantly downregulated the expression of AQP5 and upregulated AQP7. Arachidonic acid mixed with H89 or PD98059 caused a decrease in the expression of AQP5 and an increase of AQP7. The obtained results indicate that estradiol, progesterone, and arachidonic acid through PKA and MAPK signaling pathways regulate the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 in the porcine luminal epithelial cells in the periovulatory period.

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Direct in vitro effect of LH and steroids on leptin secretion by porcine luteal cells during the late-luteal phase of the estrous cycle

Reproductive Biology ◽

10.1016/j.repbio.2012.11.047 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Gabriela Siawrys

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Luteal Phase ◽

Luteal Cells ◽

Late Luteal Phase ◽

Vitro Effect ◽

Porcine Luteal Cells

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The Effect of Day of the Estrous Cycle, Location of Ovulatory, Structure, and Progesterone on In Vitro Bovine, Endometrial Secretions

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(92)77970-3 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 75 (8) ◽

pp. 2112-2118 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

B.L. Williams ◽

F.C. Gwazdauskas ◽

R.E. Pearson

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle

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Stage of the estrous cycle at the time of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin injection affects pre-implantation embryo development in vitro in the mouse

Molecular Reproduction and Development ◽

10.1002/mrd.10132 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 312-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Juan J. Tarín ◽

Sonia Pérez-Albalá ◽

Vanessa Gómez-Piquer ◽

Carlos Hermenegildo ◽

Antonio Cano

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Embryo Development ◽

Serum Gonadotropin ◽

Development In Vitro

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In vitro metabolism of glucose by bovine reproductive tissues obtained during the estrous cycle and after calving

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/1992.7051496x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 70 (5) ◽

pp. 1496-1508 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

C. C. Chase ◽

R. P. Del Vecchio ◽

S. B. Smith ◽

R. D. Randel

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

In Vitro Metabolism ◽

Reproductive Tissues

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GDF-9 and BMP-15 mRNA Levels in Canine Cumulus Cells Related to Cumulus Expansion and the Maturation Process

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10030462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 462 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

George Ramirez ◽

Jaime Palomino ◽

Karla Aspee ◽

Monica De los Reyes

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Estrous Cycle ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cumulus Cells ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Cumulus Expansion ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Specific Regulation ◽

Reproductive Phases

The competence to undergo expansion is a characteristic of cumulus cells (CCs). The aim was to investigate the expression of GDF-9 and BMP-15 mRNA in canine cumulus cells in relation to cumulus expansion and meiotic development over the estrous cycle. CCs were recovered from nonmatured and in vitro-matured (IVM) dog cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), which were obtained from antral follicles at different phases of the estrous cycle. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was used to evaluate the relative abundance of GDF-9 and BMP-15 transcripts from the CCs with or without signs of expansion. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and logistic regression. The maturity of the oocyte and the expansion process affected the mRNA levels in CCs. There were differences (p < 0.05) in GDF-9 and BMP-15 gene expression in CCs isolated from nonmatured COCs when comparing the reproductive phases. Lower mRNA levels (p < 0.05) were observed in anestrus and proestrus in comparison to those in estrus and diestrus. In contrast, when comparing GDF-9 mRNA levels in IVM COCs, no differences were found among the phases of the estrous cycle in expanded and nonexpanded CCs (p < 0.05). However, the highest (p < 0.05) BMP-15 gene expression in CCs that did not undergo expansion was exhibited in anestrus and the lowest (p < 0.05) expression was observed in estrus in expanded CCs. Although the stage of the estrous cycle did not affect the second metaphase (MII )rates, the expanded CCs obtained at estrus coexisted with higher percentages of MII (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the differential expression patterns of GDF-9 and BMP-15 mRNA transcripts might be related to cumulus expansion and maturation processes, suggesting specific regulation and temporal changes in their expression.

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In vitro LHRH Release from Superfused Hypothalamus as a Function of the Rat Estrous Cycle: Effect of Progesterone

Neuroendocrinology ◽

10.1159/000124477 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 392-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kyungjin Kim ◽

Victor D. Ramirez

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Lhrh Release

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Laminin-alpha6beta1 integrin interaction enhances survival and proliferation and modulates steroidogenesis of ovine granulosa cells

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1720045 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 172 (1) ◽

pp. 45-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

F Le Bellego ◽

C Pisselet ◽

C Huet ◽

P Monget ◽

D Monniaux

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Granulosa Cells ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Follicular Development ◽

Antral Follicles ◽

Final Development ◽

Beta 1 Integrin ◽

Arginine Glycine Aspartic Acid

This study aimed to determine the physiological role of laminin (LN) and its receptor, alpha(6)beta(1) integrin, in controlling the functions of granulosa cells (GC) during follicular development in sheep ovary. Immunohistochemistry experiments showed the presence of increasing levels of LN (P<0.0001), and high levels of mature alpha(6)beta(1) integrin in GC layers of healthy antral follicles during the follicular and the preovulatory phases of the estrous cycle. In vitro, the addition of a function-blocking antibody raised against alpha(6) subunit (anti-alpha(6) IgG) to the medium of ovine GC cultured on LN impaired cell spreading (P<0.0001), decreased the proliferation rate (P<0.05) and increased the apoptosis rate (P<0.05). Furthermore, addition of anti-alpha(6) IgG enhanced estradiol (E2) secretion by GC in the presence or absence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone or insulin-like growth factor-I in culture medium (P<0.0001), and inhibited progesterone (P4) secretion in basal conditions or in the presence of low (0.5 ng/ml) FSH concentrations only (P<0.0001). The anti-alpha(6) IgG effect was specific to an interaction of LN with alpha(6)beta(1) integrin since it was ineffective on GC cultured on heat-denatured LN, RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) peptides and non-coated substratum. Hence, this study established that alpha(6)beta(1) integrin 1) was expressed in GC of antral follicles, 2) mediated the actions of LN on survival, proliferation and steroidogenesis of GC, and 3) was able to dramatically modulate P4 and E2 secretion by GC in vitro. It is suggested that during the follicular and the preovulatory phases of the estrous cycle, the increasing levels of LN in GC of large antral follicles might support their final development to ovulation.

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345 EFFECT OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN ON THE IN VITRO MATURATION OF CANINE OOCYTES

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv19n1ab345 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 288

Author(s):

M.-K. Kim ◽

H.-J. Oh ◽

Y. H. Fibrianto ◽

G. Jang ◽

H.-J. Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Uv Light ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Nuclear Maturation ◽

Maturation Rate ◽

Stimulating Hormone

Growth, maturation, and ovulation of the Graafian follicle depend on appropriate patterns of secretion, sufficient concentrations, and adequate ratios of various reproductive hormones, especially follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (Van Tol et al. 1996 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 45, 218–224). The present study investigated the effects of FSH and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) on the nuclear maturation of canine oocytes. In addition, in order to investigate the effect of stage of the estrous cycle on the meiotic competence of canine oocytes matured in vitro, oocytes were collected from various reproductive states and matured in vitro in the presence of the gonadotrophins. Estrous cycle stage was evaluated for each bitch by ovarian morphology, and bitches were categorized according to the stage of the estrous cycle (anestrus, follicular, or diestrus) prior to oocyte collection. Recovered oocytes were cultured in serum-free tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with various concentrations of FSH (Exp. 1: 0, 0.1, 1.0, or 10 IU) or hCG (Exp. 2: 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 10 IU) or both (Exp. 3: 1 IU FSH + 1 IU hCG) for 72 h to determine the effective concentration of these hormones, and to examine their combined effect. After maturation culture, oocytes were denuded in PBS containing 0.1% (w/v) hyaluronidase by gentle pipetting. The denuded oocytes were stained with Hoechst 33342 in glycerol and the nuclear state of oocytes was evaluated under UV light. The rates of maturation to the MII stage were significantly higher (P < 0.05) when follicular-stage oocytes were supplemented with 1 IU FSH (6.2%) compared with the other FSH-supplemented groups (0.0 to 3.3%) or to the control (1.8%), or 0.1 or 10.0 IU FSH (0 to 1.2%). Significantly higher (P < 0.05) maturation rate to MII stage was observed in follicular-stage oocytes supplemented with 1.0 IU hCG (7.2%) compared with the control or other hCG-supplemented groups (0 to 1.5%). However, FSH and hCG together did not improve the nuclear maturation rate of canine oocytes (2.4%) compared with FSH (6.2%) and hCG alone (7.2%). In conclusion, FSH or hCG alone significantly increased the maturation of canine oocytes to the MII stage. This work was supported by grant No. M1062503005-06N250300510 from KOSEF, Republic of Korea.

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