Hypothalamic levels of LHRF in male mice of differing social status and from individual housing

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321
Author(s):  
P.P. Vescovi ◽  
G. Valenti ◽  
M. Mainardi ◽  
L. Brocchieri ◽  
P.F. Brain
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Individual Housing

Impact of individual housing on experimental behavior of male mice

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Arndt ◽  
M. C. Laarakker ◽  
H. A. van Lith ◽  
F. J. van der Staay ◽  
F. Ohl
Keyword(s):  
Male Mice ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
Experimental Behavior

The Congruence between Housing Space, Social Space, and Community Space, and Some Experiments concerning its Implications

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Multivariate Multiple Regression ◽  
Community Space ◽  
Social Level

Housing space, social space, and community space are each defined simply and discussed with respect to two concepts: housing space is defined in terms of type and quality for individual housing units; social space is defined in terms of social status and stage in the life cycle for a family unit. Contrasting with these micro-scale definitions are the constructs of community space—family status and social status—which describe census units at the macro-social level. The congruence between housing space and social space for a sample of homes and the families residing within them in Kingston and Winnipeg, Canada, is then determined statistically with the use of multivariate multiple regression procedures. The varying degrees of incongruence for a number of social groups are then analysed subjectively under three defined housing constraints. Finally, the representativeness of the two samples is examined, and directions for further research are outlined.

scholarly journals Major urinary protein levels are associated with social status and context in mouse social hierarchies

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1863) ◽  
pp. 20171570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Lee ◽  
Amber Khan ◽  
James P. Curley
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Major Urinary Protein ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Major Urinary Proteins ◽  
Stable Linear ◽  
Lower Urinary

We have previously shown that male mice living in groups of 12 males establish and maintain stable linear social hierarchies with each individual having a defined social rank. However, it is not clear which social cues mice use to signal and recognize their relative social status within their hierarchy. In this study, we investigate how individual social status both in pairs and in groups affects the levels of major urinary proteins (MUPs) and specifically MUP20 in urine. We housed groups of adult outbred CD1 male mice in a complex social environment for three weeks and collected urine samples from all individuals repeatedly. We found that dominant males produce more MUPs than subordinates when housed in pairs and that the production of MUPs and MUP20 is significantly higher in alpha males compared with all other individuals in a social hierarchy. Furthermore, we found that hepatic mRNA expression of Mup3 and Mup20 is significantly higher in alpha males than in subordinate males. We also show that alpha males have lower urinary creatinine levels consistent with these males urinating more than others living in hierarchies. These differences emerged within one week of animals being housed together in social hierarchies. This study demonstrates that as males transition to become alpha males, they undergo physiological changes that contribute to communication of their social status that may have implications for the energetic demands of maintaining dominance.

scholarly journals To Group or Not to Group? Good Practice for Housing Male Laboratory Mice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kappel ◽  
Penny Hawkins ◽  
Michael T. Mendl
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
Mouse Behaviour ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
Welfare Problem

It is widely recommended to group house male laboratory mice because they are ‘social animals’, but male mice do not naturally share territories and aggression can be a serious welfare problem. Even without aggression, not all animals within a group will be in a state of positive welfare. Rather, many male mice may be negatively affected by the stress of repeated social defeat and subordination, raising concerns about welfare and also research validity. However, individual housing may not be an appropriate solution, given the welfare implications associated with no social contact. An essential question is whether it is in the best welfare interests of male mice to be group- or singly-housed. This review explores the likely impacts, positive and negative, of both housing conditions, presents results of a survey of current practice and awareness of mouse behaviour, and includes recommendations for good practice and future research. We conclude that whether group- or single-housing is better (or less worse) in any situation is highly context-dependent according to several factors including strain, age, social position, life experiences, and housing and husbandry protocols. It is important to recognise this and evaluate what is preferable from animal welfare and ethical perspectives in each case.

Fighting in NIH/S male mice: consequences for behaviour in resident-intruder tests and physiological parameters

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kaliste-Korhonen ◽  
S. Eskola
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Resident Intruder

Fighting is known to occur frequently in male mouse groups. In this study with outbred NIH/S mice, the possible impact of individual aggressiveness on fighting in groups and on the social status of animals was studied. Male mice were pre-tested in a resident-intruder (RI) test and rated as initially aggressive or non-aggressive according to their attack behaviour against an intruder. Thereafter they were randomly allocated to new social groups, with four mice per cage. Fighting in groups was increased when several initially aggressive animals were included in the group. Within the groups, animals were rated as dominants and subordinates according to their behaviour toward a strange intruder introduced into their home-cage (Group Intruder, GI) test and the occurrence of wounds. Additionally, subordinates were divided into aggressive and non-aggressive categories according to their behaviour in the second RI test, which was performed 3 weeks after grouping. The behaviour in the RI test prior to group-housing did not predict the individual social status or possibility of being wounded in the new social environment. On the other hand, the social relationships in the new group affected the behaviour in a subsequent RI test. All dominants showed aggressive behaviour during the second RI test. Those subordinates which behaved aggressively during this test received the most numerous and serious wounds, suggesting that in the new groups their interactions with the other group members were mostly aggressive. The reduced weight of epididymal adipose tissue in dominant and aggressive subordinates may indicate that they had fought continuously. Social status or levels of fighting in a group did not affect individual weight gain or the other physiological parameters measured. The wounded animals had enlarged spleens and reduced weights of epididymal adipose tissue, which were probably the results of increased activity of the immune system and reduced welfare, respectively. In conclusion, individual aggressiveness seems to be greatly affected by the demands of the social environment. Fighting in mouse groups leading to wounded animals may have effects on physiological research parameters.

Social status and ultrasonic vocalizations of male mice

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Nyby ◽  
Gerard A. Dizinno ◽  
Glayde Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Mice

Attractiveness of the Area in the Context of Individual Housing

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Ondřej Vašíček ◽  
Martin Budina ◽  
Tomáš Nehudek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Individual Housing

The term attractiveness holds in its meaning something indeterminate and subjective; none of us is able to say exactly what is and what is not generally attractive. Any good (and land) can be considered as attractive as it is attractive, appealing, engaging, interesting for us and above all, whether it meets our needs. The attraction of the area is perceived by each of us individually, often quite differently, depending on our current and long-term needs, activities, age, social status, etc. In the literature, there are often terms such as quality of life, housing quality, attractive housing, but the concept of attractiveness of the area is not particularly mentioned. In the present article, there are the factors that undoubtedly greatly affect the lives of all people living in houses, especially in the hinterlands of cities, and it is possible to establish a modeling of attractiveness of the area for residential, individual housing on the evaluation and analysis of these factors.

scholarly journals Thermometry of intact and tumor-bearing male mice: dependence on genotype and social status

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
D.A. Aronov ◽  
O.S. Shubernetskaya ◽  
I.A. Molchanov ◽  
L.A. Komizerko ◽  
S.G. Semushina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Tumor Bearing
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