Cotton lint yield accumulation rate and quality development

Competitiveness of noogoora burr and fierce thornapple in irrigated cotton was assessed using area-of-influence methodology. Lint yields were regressed against distances from the weeds using spline regression. The resulting regression curves were used to estimate areas of influence and yield losses, which were further modeled as functions of weed size to understand weed competitiveness. Cotton lint yield reductions averaged 36 and 12%, with maximum distances of influence of 1.71 and 1.65 m for noogoora burr and fierce thornapple, respectively. Economic thresholds for control using hand hoeing were related to weed size. Thresholds for average-size weeds were one cocklebur in 195 m and one fierce thornapple in 73 m of cotton row.

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Changes in Leaf Structural and Functional Characteristics when Changing Planting Density at Different Growth Stages Alters Cotton Lint Yield under a New Planting Model

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9120859 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 859 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aziz Khan ◽

Jie Zheng ◽

Daniel Kean Yuen Tan ◽

Ahmad Khan ◽

Kashif Akhtar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Quantum Yield ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

High Density ◽

Lint Yield ◽

Planting Density ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Cotton Lint Yield

Manipulation of planting density and choice of variety are effective management components in any cropping system that aims to enhance the balance between environmental resource availability and crop requirements. One-time fertilization at first flower with a medium plant stand under late sowing has not yet been attempted. To fill this knowledge gap, changes in leaf structural (stomatal density, stomatal length, stomata width, stomatal pore perimeter, and leaf thickness), leaf gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes of different cotton varieties were made in order to change the planting densities to improve lint yield under a new planting model. A two-year field evaluation was carried out on cotton varieties—V1 (Zhongmian-16) and V2 (J-4B)—to examine the effect of changing the planting density (D1, low, 3 × 104; D2, moderate, 6 × 104; and D3, dense, 9 × 104) on cotton lint yield, leaf structure, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf gas exchange attribute responses. Across these varieties, J-4B had higher lint yield compared with Zhongmian-16 in both years. Plants at high density had depressed leaf structural traits, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 uptake, quenching (qP), actual quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII), and maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) in both years. Crops at moderate density had improved leaf gas exchange traits, stomatal density, number of stomata, pore perimeter, length, and width, as well as increased qP, ΦPSII, and Fv/Fm compared with low- and high-density plants. Improvement in leaf structural and functional traits contributed to 15.9%–10.7% and 12.3%–10.5% more boll m−2, with 20.6%–13.4% and 28.9%–24.1% higher lint yield averaged across both years, respectively, under moderate planting density compared with low and high density. In conclusion, the data underscore the importance of proper agronomic methods for cotton production, and that J-4B and Zhongmian-16 varieties, grown under moderate and lower densities, could be a promising option based on improved lint yield in subtropical regions.

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Sowing Density Effects in Cotton Yields and Its Components

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9070349 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 349

Author(s):

Manuel Guzman ◽

Luis Vilain ◽

Tatiana Rondon ◽

Juan Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Lint Yield ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Boll Weight ◽

Cotton Lint Yield ◽

Weight Number ◽

100 Seed Weight ◽

Number Of Seeds

Evaluation of sowing density is an important factor for achieving maximum yields without affecting other agronomic traits. Field experiments were conducted during three consecutive years (2008, 2009 and 2010) to determinate the effect of four sowing density (62,500; 83,333; 100,000 and 142,857 pl ha−1) on yields and its components of two cotton varieties, ‘Delta Pine 16′ and ‘SN-290′ in Venezuela. The traits evaluated were lint yield, boll weight, number of seeds per boll, 100-seed weight, and fiber content. Highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed among genotypes, sowing density and their interactions for all traits. Sowing density was not affected by year factor. High lint yield was found in ‘SN-290′ (4216.2 kg ha−1) at 100,000 pl ha−1; and in ‘Delta Pine 16′ (3917.3 kg ha−1) at 83,333 pl ha−1. The highest sowing density (142,857 pl ha−1), decrease lint yield and yield components in the genotypes. The highest boll weight was obtained by ‘SN-290′ with 6.4 g in average. All sowing densities evaluated resulted in lint percentages above 40%. Cotton lint yield was positively correlated with all yield components. Our results indicate that highest lint yields could be obtained with sowing densities between 83,333 and 100,000 pl ha−1 depending upon varieties used across savannahs of Venezuela.

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Full-season Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500091815 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 305-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Matt W. Rowland ◽

Don S. Murray ◽

Laval M. Verhalen

Keyword(s):

Linear Model ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Palmer Amaranth ◽

Lint Yield ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Weed Biomass ◽

Weed Density ◽

Fiber Properties ◽

Fiber Fineness ◽

Cotton Lint Yield

Four field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to measure full-season Palmer amaranth interference on cotton lint yield and fiber properties. Density of the weed ranged from 0 to 12 plants 10 m−1of row. Cotton lint yield vs. weed density fit a linear model for densities ⩽ 8 weeds row−1at Perkins and Chickasha in 1996 and at Alms in 1997. At Perkins in 1997, all densities fit a linear model. For each increase of 1 weed row−1, lint yield reductions were 62 kg ha−1(or 10.7%) and 58 kg ha−1(or 11.5%) at Perkins and at Chickasha in 1996, respectively. At Perkins and Alms in 1997, for each 1 weed row−1, lint yield was reduced 71 kg ha−1(or 5.9%) and 112 kg ha−1(or 8.7%), respectively. Lint yield vs. end-of-season weed volume fit a linear model except at Alms in 1997. For each increase of 1 m3of weed plot−1, cotton lint yield in 1996 was reduced by 1.6 and 1.5% at Perkins and Chickasha, respectively. In 1997 at Perkins and Altus (⩽ 6 weeds), each increase of 1 m3of weed plot−1reduced lint yield 1.6 and 2.3%, respectively. Lint yield vs. end-of-season weed biomass fit a linear model in all four experiments. Lint yield was reduced 5.2 to 9.3% for each increase of 1 kg of weed biomass plot−1. Fiber analyses revealed significant differences for micronaire (fiber fineness) among weed densities in two experiments, marginal significance in a third, and none in a fourth. An intermediate number of weeds often resulted in improved fiber micronaires in these environments. No other fiber properties were influenced by weed density.

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Impact of Heterozygosity and Heterogeneity on Cotton Lint Yield Stability

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0450 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 1577-1585 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. B. Cole ◽

D. T. Bowman ◽

F. M. Bourland ◽

W. D. Caldwell ◽

B. T. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yield Stability ◽

Lint Yield ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Cotton Lint Yield

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Sub‐Okra, Semi‐Smoothness, and Nectariless Effect on Cotton Lint Yield

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183x003600010004x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 22-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

W. R. Meredith ◽

W. T. Pettigrew ◽

J. J. Heitholt

Keyword(s):

Lint Yield ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Cotton Lint Yield

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Predicting Cotton Lint Yield Maps from Aerial Photographs

Precision Agriculture ◽

10.1007/s11119-004-6342-5 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 547-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Vellidis ◽

M. A. Tucker ◽

C. D. Perry ◽

D. L. Thomas ◽

N. Wells ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lint Yield ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Cotton Lint Yield

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Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Growth, Seed Production, and Interference in Cotton

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-08-127.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 346-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Lawrence E. Steckel ◽

C. Owen Gwathmey

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Field Studies ◽

Lint Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Conyza Canadensis ◽

Cotton Lint ◽

Cotton Lint Yield ◽

A Site

Field studies were conducted to examine both density and duration of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed interference in cotton. Two studies, one examining the effect of horseweed density and a second the duration of horseweed interference, were conducted on a site with a natural population of horseweed that were treated with glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha−1prior to planting and at the 2nd and 4th cotton node growth stages. GR horseweed density effect on cotton height, maturity, and lint yield was determined at horseweed densities of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 plants m−2. Duration of horseweed interference was evaluated when 20 horseweed m−2were allowed to interfere with cotton from emergence to 2nd node, 6th node, 10th node, 12th node, and 1st bloom stage of cotton. The maximum cotton lint yield loss (46%) occurred when horseweed was allowed to compete with cotton from emergence to maturity at the two highest densities (20 and 25 horseweed m−2). When the data were fit to the Cousens model the estimateda(maximum yield loss) andi(yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) were 53 ± 7.3 and 2.8 ± 0.6 SE, respectively. In both years of the study, horseweed interference from emergence to the 2nd cotton node did not reduce cotton lint yields. In 2006, cotton lint yield loss was 28% compared to 39% in 2005 when horseweed interfered with cotton from emergence until the 6th cotton node. Cotton lint yield loss was 37 and 44% when horseweed competed to the 8th cotton node in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Maximum horseweed seed production was 134,000 to 148,000 seeds m−2.

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