Enhanced ethylene evolution and electrolyte leakage from methomyl-treated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

The effects of gene B on susceptibility to chilling injury (CI) in two types of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) were investigated. Two pairs of near-isogenic lines with (BB) and without (B+ B+) gene B were included in the study: `Caserta' (B+ B+) and `Precocious Caserta' (BB) of the vegetable marrow type, and `Benning's Green Tint' (B+ B+) and `Benning's Yellow Tint' (BB) of the scallop type. Respiration and ethylene evolution at nonchilling temperature were consistently higher in marrows than in scallops. Gene B had no influence on respiratory rates at nonchilling temperatures; however, the presence of gene B enhanced the chilling-induced stimulation of respiration in both marrows and scallops. Temporal differences in the patterns of chilling-induced stimulation of ethylene evolution indicated a greater sensitivity to chilling in marrows than in scallops and in both types in the presence of gene B. Electrolyte leakage was decreased by storage at chilling temperature in both marrow genotypes and was not influenced by storage temperature in B+ B+ scallops, but was increased by storage at chilling temperature in BB scallops. Therefore, electrolyte leakage was not a good CI index for these summer squash.

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Electrolyte Leakage, Respiration, and Ethylene Production as Indices of Chilling Injury in Grapefruit

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.26.9.1191 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1191-1192 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

T.G. McCollum ◽

R.E. McDonald

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Production ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Citrus Paradisi ◽

Ethylene Evolution ◽

Early Indicator ◽

Visual Symptoms ◽

Respiration Rates ◽

Stimulation Of

Storage of `Marsh' white seedless grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) for 2 weeks at 5C resulted in the development of chilling injury (CI). Electrolyte leakage from chilled fruit did not increase significantly until CI had become severe, and was therefore considered to be of limited value as an early indicator of CI. In contrast to electrolyte leakage, respiration and ethylene evolution were significantly higher in chilled than in nonchilled fruit, even before the onset of visual symptoms of CI. Respiration rates ranged from ≈8 to 11 and 5 to 7 ml CO2/kg per hour in chilled and nonchilled fruit, respectively. Ethylene evolution was not detected from nonchilled fruit, whereas chilled fruit produced from 45 to 250 nl ethylene/kg per hour. Results of this study indicate that electrolyte leakage does not increase until visible pitting of the flavedo has occurred, whereas stimulation of respiration and ethylene evolution occur early in the development of CI.

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Leaf Ethylene Evolution Level Following High-temperature Stress in Common Bean

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.10.1282 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 1282-1284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Karl J. Sauter ◽

David W. Davis ◽

Paul H. Li ◽

I.S. Wallerstein

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Common Bean ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Ethylene Evolution ◽

Generation Means ◽

Generation Means Analysis

Yield in common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., can be significantly reduced by high temperature (I-IT) during bloom. Ethylene production from plant tissue increases as a consequence of various stresses, including heat stress. The inheritance of leaf ethylene evolution rate (EER) of HT-stressed (35/30C day/night) progenies from crosses among bean genotypes previously categorized as HT sensitive or tolerant, based on cell electrolyte leakage, was investigated. Evidence from generation means analysis of Fl, F2, and backcross progenies shows EER to be genetically controlled, with additive, dominance, and epistatic effects indicated for low EER. The range (0.62 to 2.52 μg-1·hr-1) of EER from field-grown lines and cultivars suggests the existence of considerable genetic variability. EER was associated (r = –0.70) with heat tolerance, as estimated by cell electrolyte; leakage.

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Response of MSMA-Resistant and-Susceptible Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) Biotypes to Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Herbicides and Cross-Resistance to Arsenicals and Membrane Disrupters

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00023654 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 440-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chandrashekhar I. Nimbal ◽

David R. Shaw ◽

Stephen O. Duke ◽

John D. Byrd

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Cross Resistance ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Treated Leaf ◽

Better Than

Experiments were conducted to evaluate PRE and POST cotton herbicides for control of MSMA-resistant (R) and -susceptible (S) common cocklebur biotypes, and to determine potential cross-resistance of the R biotype to other arsenical and membrane disruptor herbicides. Cyanazine and clomazone applied PRE were the most effective herbicides for control of R populations. Lactofen or cyanazine in combination with MSMA controlled R and S biotypes better than fluometuron or pyrithiobac combined with MSMA. MSMA-resistant common cocklebur was not cross-resistant to other arsenical herbicides. Significant differences in cellular electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll content of the treated leaf between biotypes were not evident for paraquat, acifluorfen, and MSMA.

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High Temperature and the Ethylene Antagonist 1-Methylcyclopropene Alter Ethylene Evolution Patterns, Antioxidant Responses, and Boll Growth in <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>

American Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.4236/ajps.2013.47171 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 04 (07) ◽

pp. 1400-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Eduardo M. Kawakami ◽

Derrick M. Oosterhuis ◽

John L. Snider ◽

Toby R. FitzSimons

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Ethylene Evolution ◽

Antioxidant Responses ◽

Ethylene Antagonist

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OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF CHILLING INJURY IN GRAPEFRUIT

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1083b ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1083b-1083

Author(s):

T. G. McCollum ◽

R. E. McDonald

Keyword(s):

Tissue Damage ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Objective Measures ◽

Citrus Paradisi ◽

Ethylene Evolution ◽

Visual Symptoms ◽

Stimulation Of

Storage of `Marsh' white seedless grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) for 2 weeks at 5C resulted in the development of chilling injury (CI). Electrolyte leakage from chilled fruit did not increase significantly until CI had become severe, and was therefore considered to be a poor index of CI. In contrast to electrolyte leakage, respiration and ethylene evolution were consistently higher in chilled than in nonchilled fruit, even prior to the onset of visual symptoms of CI. Respiratory rates ranged from 8.0 to 10.7 and 4.6 to 6.7 ml/kg/hr in chilled and nonchilled fruit, respectively. Ethylene evolution was not detected from nonchilled fruit, whereas chilled fruit produced from 45.6 to 249.3 ml/kg/hr ethylene. Ethylene production was maximum following 2 weeks at 5C. Results of this study indicate that increases in electrolyte leakage do not occur until considerable tissue damage has occurred, whereas stimulation of respiration and ethylene evolution occur early in the development of CI.

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