Tight Junctions and the Intestinal Barrier

2012 ◽  
pp. 1043-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Y. Ma ◽  
James M. Anderson ◽  
Jerrold R. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Barrier

scholarly journals Trifostigmanoside I, an Active Compound from Sweet Potato, Restores the Activity of MUC2 and Protects the Tight Junctions through PKCα/β to Maintain Intestinal Barrier Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Amna Parveen ◽  
Seungho Choi ◽  
Ju-Hee Kang ◽  
Seung Hyun Oh ◽  
Sun Yeou Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Mucin Production

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batata) is considered a superfood among vegetables and has been consumed for centuries. Traditionally, sweet potato is used to treat several illnesses, including diarrhea and stomach disorders. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of sweet potato on intestinal barrier function, and to identify the active compounds of sweet potato and their underlying mechanism of action. To this purpose, bioactivity-guided isolation, Western blotting, and immunostaining assays were applied. Interestingly, our bioactivity-guided approach enabled the first isolation and identification of trifostigmanoside I (TS I) from sweet potato. TS I induced mucin production and promoted the phosphorylation of PKCα/β in LS174T human colon cancer cells. In addition, it protected the function of tight junctions in the Caco-2 cell line. These findings suggest that TS I rescued the impaired abilities of MUC2, and protected the tight junctions through PKCα/β, to maintain intestinal barrier function.

scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Manganese on Intestinal Barrier and Inflammatory Response in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiyong Zhang ◽  
Shuqin Pan ◽  
Keying Zhang ◽  
Joris Michiels ◽  
Qiufeng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Dendritic Cell Maturation ◽  
Salmonella Infection

Growing concern for public health and food safety has prompted a special interest in developing nutritional strategies for removing waterborne and foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella. Strong links between manganese (Mn) and intestinal barrier or immune function hint that dietary Mn supplementation is likely to be a promising approach to limit the loads of pathogens in broilers. Here, we provide evidence that Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium, 4 × 108 CFUs) challenge-induced intestinal injury along with systemic Mn redistribution in broilers. Further examining of the effect of dietary Mn treatments (a basal diet plus additional 0, 40, or 100 mg Mn/kg for corresponding to Mn-deficient, control, or Mn-surfeit diet, respectively) on intestinal barrier and inflammation status of broilers infected with S. Typhimurium revealed that birds fed the control and Mn-surfeit diets exhibited improved intestinal tight junctions and microbiota composition. Even without Salmonella infection, dietary Mn deficiency alone increased intestinal permeability by impairing intestinal tight junctions. In addition, when fed the control and Mn-surfeit diets, birds showed decreased Salmonella burdens in cecal content and spleen, with a concomitant increase in inflammatory cytokine levels in spleen. Furthermore, the dietary Mn-supplementation-mediated induction of cytokine production was probably associated with the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pathway, as judged by the enhanced manganese superoxide dismutase activity and the increased H2O2 level in mitochondria, together with the increased mRNA level of NF-κB in spleen. Ingenuity-pathway analysis indicated that acute-phase response pathways, T helper type 1 pathway, and dendritic cell maturation were significantly activated by the dietary Mn supplementation. Our data suggest that dietary Mn supplementation could enhance intestinal barrier and splenic inflammatory response to fight against Salmonella infection in broilers.

scholarly journals Tight Junction in the Intestinal Epithelium: Its Association with Diseases and Regulation by Phytochemicals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonggi Lee ◽  
Kyoung Mi Moon ◽  
Choon Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Intestinal Epithelia ◽  
Pathological Conditions

The intestine plays an essential role in integrating immunity and nutrient digestion and absorption. Adjacent intestinal epithelia form tight junctions (TJs) that are essential to the function of the physical intestinal barrier, regulating the paracellular movement of various substances including ions, solutes, and water across the intestinal epithelium. Studies have shown that TJ dysfunction is highly associated with metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Thus, molecular and nutritional factors that improve TJ activity have gained attention in the pharmaceutical and medicinal fields. This review focuses on the association between TJ and diverse pathological conditions, as well as various molecular and nutritional interventions designed to boost TJ integrity.

scholarly journals Bifidobacteria Stabilize Claudins at Tight Junctions and Prevent Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Mouse Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 1595-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly R. Bergmann ◽  
Shirley X.L. Liu ◽  
Runlan Tian ◽  
Anna Kushnir ◽  
Jerrold R. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction

Intestinal barrier function can be regulated by distinct mechanisms modulating transmembrane or intracellular components of tight junctions (TJ)

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A701
Author(s):  
Takanori Sakaguchi ◽  
Raisuke Nishiyama ◽  
Tetsushi Kinugasa ◽  
Xiubin Gu ◽  
Richard P. Macdermott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function

scholarly journals Intestinal Cell Tight Junctions Limit Invasion of Candida albicans through Active Penetration and Endocytosis in the Early Stages of the Interaction of the Fungus with the Intestinal Barrier

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0149159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Goyer ◽  
Alicia Loiselet ◽  
Fabienne Bon ◽  
Coralie L’Ollivier ◽  
Michael Laue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Early Stages

scholarly journals A method for rapid generation of model intestinal barriers in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SV Nikulin ◽  
AA Poloznikov ◽  
DA Sakharov
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Rapid Generation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
High Level

To increase the efficiency of drug development process, it is important to improve performance of preclinical experiments. A major drawback of the currently used in vitro intestinal barrier models is that it takes a significant time to obtain functional enterocyte monolayers with formed tight junctions. In this work, we have optimized various parameters such as cell density and different coatings, for a more rapid and efficient producing Caco-2 cell monolayers suitable for further experiments. In vivo microscopy and impedance spectroscopy were used to monitor cells state under various conditions. To determine possible biological mechanisms affected by exposure to various protein substrates, the transcriptomic analysis was applied. It was shown that collagen IV coating of the cell growth substrate significantly increased the rate of proliferation and migration of Caco-2 cells. This effect allows forming a functional monolayer of epithelial cells with tight junctions within 24 hours. Optimally, the initial cell density should be 90,000 to 200,000 cells/cm2. It was observed that collagen IV was poorly expressed by Caco-2 cells while the collagen IV receptor was expressed at a relatively high level in these cells. Laminin-332, another basement membrane component, was found to have no significant effect on times of formation of functional epithelial monolayers. Thus, using the optimal parameters determined in this study allows to significantly improve efficiency of using the in vitro intestinal barrier models.

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