scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Manganese on Intestinal Barrier and Inflammatory Response in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiyong Zhang ◽  
Shuqin Pan ◽  
Keying Zhang ◽  
Joris Michiels ◽  
Qiufeng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Dendritic Cell Maturation ◽  
Salmonella Infection

Growing concern for public health and food safety has prompted a special interest in developing nutritional strategies for removing waterborne and foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella. Strong links between manganese (Mn) and intestinal barrier or immune function hint that dietary Mn supplementation is likely to be a promising approach to limit the loads of pathogens in broilers. Here, we provide evidence that Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium, 4 × 108 CFUs) challenge-induced intestinal injury along with systemic Mn redistribution in broilers. Further examining of the effect of dietary Mn treatments (a basal diet plus additional 0, 40, or 100 mg Mn/kg for corresponding to Mn-deficient, control, or Mn-surfeit diet, respectively) on intestinal barrier and inflammation status of broilers infected with S. Typhimurium revealed that birds fed the control and Mn-surfeit diets exhibited improved intestinal tight junctions and microbiota composition. Even without Salmonella infection, dietary Mn deficiency alone increased intestinal permeability by impairing intestinal tight junctions. In addition, when fed the control and Mn-surfeit diets, birds showed decreased Salmonella burdens in cecal content and spleen, with a concomitant increase in inflammatory cytokine levels in spleen. Furthermore, the dietary Mn-supplementation-mediated induction of cytokine production was probably associated with the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pathway, as judged by the enhanced manganese superoxide dismutase activity and the increased H2O2 level in mitochondria, together with the increased mRNA level of NF-κB in spleen. Ingenuity-pathway analysis indicated that acute-phase response pathways, T helper type 1 pathway, and dendritic cell maturation were significantly activated by the dietary Mn supplementation. Our data suggest that dietary Mn supplementation could enhance intestinal barrier and splenic inflammatory response to fight against Salmonella infection in broilers.

scholarly journals Functional comparison of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate​ supplementation on growth, intestinal health, and the anti-inflammatory response of broilers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Liu ◽  
Huayun Ling ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Youguo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Clostridium Butyricum ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Junction Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Butyrate has been reported to promote proliferation of colonic epithelial cells and maintain intestinal barrier integrity in broilers. Although supplementation of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate have been shown to confer benefits on broilers, their effects and mechanisms have not been compared.Results: In this study, C. butyricum and sodium butyrate were added into the basal diet of broilers and their effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and anti-inflammatory response were analyzed. It was found that both C. butyricum and sodium butyrate showed good probiotic effects on broilers. Their effects on growth rate and expression of inflammation related genes were even superior to that of antibiotic. Besides, the two dietary supplements improved intestinal structure integrity and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, although the antibiotic had negative effects. Comparison of the two supplements revealed that sodium butyrate more effectively improved the growth and intestinal structure of broilers than C. butyricum. On the contrary, C. butyricum was superior to sodium butyrate in promoting tight junction protein expression, SCFAs production, and anti-inflammatory response.Conclusions: In summary, this study demonstrates the positive effects of C. butyricum and sodium butyrate on broilers, and will serve as a reference for selection of appropriate butyrate supplementation for broilers in the breeding industry.

Bifidobacterium dentium N8 with potential probiotic characteristics prevents LPS-induced intestinal barrier injury by alleviating inflammatory response and regulating tight junctions in Caco-2 cell monolayers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhao ◽  
Qing gang Xie ◽  
Evivie Etareri Smith ◽  
Jiahuan Dong ◽  
Deyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The intestinal barrier is vital in preventing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism behind the protective effects of B. dentium N8 on the intestinal...

Use of Caenorhabditis elegans for Preselecting Lactobacillus Isolates To Control Salmonella Typhimurium

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNYANG WANG ◽  
JINQUAN WANG ◽  
JOSHUA GONG ◽  
HAI YU ◽  
JENNIFER C. PACAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Pig Performance

Host-specific probiotics have been used to control enteric pathogens, including foodborne pathogens, in food animal production. However, evaluation of the efficacy of these probiotics requires costly in vivo assays in the target animal. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used for prescreening of antimicrobial agents and for studies of host-pathogen interactions. In the present study, 17 Lactobacillus isolates from chicken and pig intestines were tested with C. elegans, and the ability of these isolates to prevent death from Salmonella infection was variable. Two Lactobacillus isolates (S64, which gave full protection, and CL11, which gave no protection) were further studied. Both isolates exhibited a similar colonization profile in the C. elegans intestine. Although different culture fractions of CL11 were not protective, both live and heat-killed S64 cells provided full or partial protection of C. elegans from death caused by Salmonella infection. In contrast, different culture fractions from both isolates had similar effects on the colonization of the nematode intestine by Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Our preliminary results from a pig performance trial revealed a correlation between the degree of protection in the C. elegans survival assay and the performance of 35-day-old weaned piglets that were treated with the same Lactobacillus isolates, suggesting that C. elegans can be used as a laboratory animal model for preselecting probiotics for control of Salmonella infections.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Cinnamaldehyde on the Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Liver of Salmonella typhimurium-Challenged Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2309
Author(s):  
Renjie Wang ◽  
Senlin Li ◽  
Hai Jia ◽  
Xuemeng Si ◽  
Yan Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Main Component

Salmonella typhimurium infection is associated with gastrointestinal disorder and cellular injury in the liver of both humans and animals. Cinnamaldehyde, the main component of essential oil from cinnamon, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, it remains unknown whether cinnamaldehyde can alleviate Salmonella typhimurium infection-induced liver injury in mice. In the present study, we found that cinnamaldehyde attenuated Salmonella typhimurium-induced body weight loss, the increase of organ (liver and spleen) indexes, hepatocyte apoptosis, and the mortality rate in mice. Further study showed that cinnamaldehyde significantly alleviated Salmonella typhimurium-induced liver injury as shown by activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and myeloperoxidase, as well as malondialdehyde. The increased mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and chemokines (CCL2 and CCL3) induced by Salmonella typhimurium were significantly abolished by cinnamaldehyde supplementation. These alterations were associated with a regulatory effect of cinnamaldehyde on TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88. 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that Salmonella typhimurium infection led to upregulation of the abundances of genera Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Alistipes, Muribaculum, and Prevotellaceae UCG-001, and downregulation of the abundances of genera Lactobacillus, Enterorhabdus, and Eggerthellaceae (unclassified). These alterations were reversed by cinnamaldehyde supplementation. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde attenuated the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver of Salmonella typhimurium-infected mice. Supplementation of cinnamaldehyde might be a preventive strategy to alleviate liver injury caused by Salmonella typhimurium infection in humans and animals.

PSVI-16 The Association of Benzoic Acid and Essential Oils Eo Reduces the Inflammatory Response of Weaned Piglets and the Diarrhea Incidence in the Nursery Phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Sudario Roberto Silva Junior ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
Jéssica Aparecida Barbosa ◽  
Iana I M Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Benzoic acid (BA) and essential oils (EO) can minimize growth performance losses due to the removal of antibiotics and change the intestinal health of weaned piglets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of BA and EO on inflammatory response, diarrhea incidence, and growth performance of the nursery phase. One hundred and twenty barrows were weaned at 23 days (6.40 ± 0.53 kg) and assigned into 3 treatments (10 replicates) in randomized block design: basal diet without additives (NC), basal diet with 200 ppm of colistin sulphate (PC), and association of 0,3% benzoic acid and essential oil (BA+EO). The feed intake and body weight were recorded at 0 and 42 days. The feces were assessed daily (per animal) and graded as normal feces (no diarrhea) or liquid or pasty stools (presence of diarrhea). On days 1, 3, and 9, blood samples were collected (5 replicates) for white blood cells (WBC) counts. Growth performance was analyzed by MIXED procedure (SAS, 2009) and the Tukey test was used to compare the means (P < 0.050). The WBC counts were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance, by MIXED procedure. Diarrhea incidence was analyzed by GENMOD procedure (SAS, 2009). The BA+EO treatment showed a similar body weight (P = 0.014) and average daily gain (P = 0.012) than the PC group and lower feed conversion ratio (P = 0.037) compared to the NC group. The pigs of the BA+EO treatment had the lowest diarrhea incidence during the total period (P < 0.001). The supplementation with BA+EO or antibiotics reduced the counts of total WBC (P = 0.008) and neutrophils (P = 0.003). In conclusion, supplementation with BA+EO reduces the inflammatory response and the incidence of diarrhea in the nursery phase, that may be related to the improvement in the FCR.

scholarly journals Trifostigmanoside I, an Active Compound from Sweet Potato, Restores the Activity of MUC2 and Protects the Tight Junctions through PKCα/β to Maintain Intestinal Barrier Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Amna Parveen ◽  
Seungho Choi ◽  
Ju-Hee Kang ◽  
Seung Hyun Oh ◽  
Sun Yeou Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Mucin Production

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batata) is considered a superfood among vegetables and has been consumed for centuries. Traditionally, sweet potato is used to treat several illnesses, including diarrhea and stomach disorders. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of sweet potato on intestinal barrier function, and to identify the active compounds of sweet potato and their underlying mechanism of action. To this purpose, bioactivity-guided isolation, Western blotting, and immunostaining assays were applied. Interestingly, our bioactivity-guided approach enabled the first isolation and identification of trifostigmanoside I (TS I) from sweet potato. TS I induced mucin production and promoted the phosphorylation of PKCα/β in LS174T human colon cancer cells. In addition, it protected the function of tight junctions in the Caco-2 cell line. These findings suggest that TS I rescued the impaired abilities of MUC2, and protected the tight junctions through PKCα/β, to maintain intestinal barrier function.

Reduction of Salmonella Excretion into Drinking Water Following Treatment of Chicks with Nurmi Culture

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 917-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. STERSKY ◽  
B. BLANCHFIELD ◽  
C. THACKER ◽  
H. PIVNICK
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Salmonella Infection

Day-old chicks (Gallus domesticus) were treated with cultured feces of adult chickens according to the Nurmi concept and were challenged 2 days later with Salmonella typhimurium. Treated chicks were less susceptible to infection than untreated chicks (16% vs. 79% infected). Those treated chicks that did become infected, contaminated their drinking water with fewer Salmonella than the untreated chicks (maximum of 104/ml vs. ⩾ 107/ml). Fecally contaminated water may be a major source for spreading Salmonella infection within a flock.

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