The Textures of Rocks in the Earth’s Deep Interior: Part I. Understanding Anisotropy and Textures in Earth Materials ☆

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-R. Wenk ◽  
J. Gómez Barreiro ◽  
J.M. Benítez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Interior ◽  
Interior Part

scholarly journals Further steps on the reconstruction of convex polyominoes from orthogonal projections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Dulio ◽  
Andrea Frosini ◽  
Simone Rinaldi ◽  
Lama Tarsissi ◽  
Laurent Vuillon
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Geometry ◽  
Convex Subset ◽  
Convex Sets ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Combinatorial Properties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Discrete Counterpart ◽  
Interior Part

AbstractA remarkable family of discrete sets which has recently attracted the attention of the discrete geometry community is the family of convex polyominoes, that are the discrete counterpart of Euclidean convex sets, and combine the constraints of convexity and connectedness. In this paper we study the problem of their reconstruction from orthogonal projections, relying on the approach defined by Barcucci et al. (Theor Comput Sci 155(2):321–347, 1996). In particular, during the reconstruction process it may be necessary to expand a convex subset of the interior part of the polyomino, say the polyomino kernel, by adding points at specific positions of its contour, without losing its convexity. To reach this goal we consider convexity in terms of certain combinatorial properties of the boundary word encoding the polyomino. So, we first show some conditions that allow us to extend the kernel maintaining the convexity. Then, we provide examples where the addition of one or two points causes a loss of convexity, which can be restored by adding other points, whose number and positions cannot be determined a priori.

scholarly journals Phase transitions beyond post-perovskite in NaMgF3 to 160 GPa

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (39) ◽  
pp. 19324-19329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajkrishna Dutta ◽  
Eran Greenberg ◽  
Vitali B. Prakapenka ◽  
Thomas S. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Diamond Anvil Cell ◽  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Model System ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Deep Interior ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Binary Compounds ◽  
Pressure Phase

Neighborite, NaMgF3, is used as a model system for understanding phase transitions in ABX3 systems (e.g., MgSiO3) at high pressures. Here we report diamond anvil cell experiments that identify the following phases in NaMgF3 with compression to 162 GPa: NaMgF3 (perovskite) → NaMgF3 (post-perovskite) → NaMgF3 (Sb2S3-type) → NaF (B2-type) + NaMg2F5 (P21/c) → NaF (B2) + MgF2 (cotunnite-type). Our results demonstrate the existence of an Sb2S3-type post-post-perovskite ABX3 phase. We also experimentally demonstrate the formation of the P21/c AB2X5 phase which has been proposed theoretically to be a common high-pressure phase in ABX3 systems. Our study provides an experimental observation of the full sequence of phase transitions from perovskite to post-perovskite to post-post-perovskite followed by 2-stage breakdown to binary compounds. Notably, a similar sequence of transitions is predicted to occur in MgSiO3 at ultrahigh pressures, where it has implications for the mineralogy and dynamics in the deep interior of large, rocky extrasolar planets.

Introduction to the Physics of the Earth's Deep Interior

Physics Today ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Jean‐Paul Poirier ◽  
J. Michael Brown
Keyword(s):  
Deep Interior

The ‘Genius of language’

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schlaps
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dynamic Form ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Static Concept ◽  
Interior Part

Summary The so-called ‘genius of language’ may be regarded as one of the most influential, and versatile, metalinguistic metaphors used to describe vernacular languages from the 17th century onwards. Over the centuries, philosophers, grammarians, trans­lators and language critics etc. wrote of the ‘genius of language’ in a wide range of text types and with reference to various linguistic positions so that a set of rather diverse types of the concept was created. This paper traces three prominent stages in the development of the ‘genius of language’ argument and, by identifying some of the most frequent types as they evolved in the context of the various linguistic dis­courses, endeavours to show the major transformations of the concept. While early on, discussion of the stylistic and grammatical type of the ‘genius of language’ concentrates on surface features in the languages considered, during the middle of the 18th century, the ‘genius of language’ is relocated to the semantic, interior part of language. With the 19th-century notion of an organological ‘genius of language’, the former static concept is personified and recast in a dynamic form until, taken to its nationalistic extremes, the ‘genius of language’ argument finally ceases to be of any epistemological and scientific value.

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