Stem cell and future treatments

Narcolepsy is a chronic, disabling sleep disorder with a significant diagnostic delay. Nowadays, treatment is focused on managing symptoms that impacts patient’s life, such as at workplace, social events or even at school, but not aimed cure the disease. However, we have pharmacological treatments that effectively help control the main symptoms (excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, fragmentation of nocturnal sleep, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations). On the other hand, pharmacological treatment must be individualised as there are great variations in severity, order of appearance symptoms and development of the disease. We intend to expose the different symptomatic treatments recommended by clinical guidelines and the clinical management from a practical point of view. Future treatments include therapies based on the replacement of hypocretin or the administration of agonist receptors. Other techniques such as hypothalamic stem cell transplantation, gene replacement therapy or immunotherapy are also being investigated.

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Recent advances in Parkinson disease

Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations ◽

10.26510/2394-0859.pbe.2017.22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 141

Author(s):

Suresh Chandra ◽

Mayank Srivastav ◽

Neelam Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Adult Stem Cell ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Genetic Therapy ◽

Stem Cell Therapies ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Future Treatments ◽

Tools And Techniques

The article reviewed various therapies other than dopamine treatment like A2a antagonists: antiparkinson medication reducing the over reactivity of substantia nigra due to loss of dopamine; Levodopa/Carbidopa Intestinal Gel: an aqueous gel containing levodopa and carbidopa; stem-cell therapies like embryonic and adult stem cell can be act through several mechanism; acupuncture: reduced the motor symptoms and other disease related factors; various antiparkinson medications like IPX066 and ND0611 are sustained release and transdermal patches which are transported to GIT through high nutrients and patches are found to be useful in increasing the concentration, half-life of levodopa, thus downs the threatening risk of PD. The future treatment for PD should be considered as they have less side-effect and better results than other treatment as they not only decrease the symptoms but also the incidences of PD. If the symptoms are diagnosed early patient should go for genetic therapy to relieve from the disease which not only reduce the progressive increase of symptoms and disease. Considering all therapies, future treatments shows the weightage in reducing the progressive increase of PD in patient. Though these treatments are proven to be effective in treatment but still more targeted tools and techniques are required which can specifically target the cause and thus lowers the graph and rating scale of PD.

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Author response for "Inhibition of neural stem cell aging through the transient induction of reprogramming factors"

10.1002/cne.24967/v2/response1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Min Ji Han ◽

Won Ji Lee ◽

Joonhyuk Choi ◽

Yean Ju Hong ◽

Sang Jun Uhm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Author Response ◽

Cell Aging ◽

Stem Cell Aging ◽

Reprogramming Factors

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Decision letter for "Inhibition of neural stem cell aging through the transient induction of reprogramming factors"

10.1002/cne.24967/v2/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Cell Aging ◽

Stem Cell Aging ◽

Reprogramming Factors

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The Response of Testes Cells to Low Level, Single dose Helium Particle Irradiation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053929 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 252-253

Author(s):

D.E. Philpott ◽

W. Sapp ◽

C. Williams ◽

J. Stevenson ◽

S. Black ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Single Dose ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽

Low Doses ◽

Particle Irradiation ◽

Stem Cell Survival ◽

Irradiation Injury ◽

Radio Sensitivity

Spermatogonial stem-cell survival after irradiation injury has been studied in rodents by histological counts of surviving cells. Many studies, including previous work from our laboratory, show that the spermatogonial population demonstrates a heterogeneous response to irradiation. The spermatogonia increase in radio-sensitivity as differentiation proceeds through the sequence As - Apr - A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - In - B. The stem (As) cell is the most resistant and the B cell is the most sensitive. The purpose of this work is to investigate the response of spermatogonial cell to low doses (less than 10 0 rads) of helium particle irradiation.

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The Response of Testis Cells to Low Dose X-Irradiation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100099155 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 542-543

Author(s):

D. E. Philpott ◽

W. Sapp ◽

C. Williams ◽

Joann Stevenson ◽

S. Black

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Dose Level ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Low Dose ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Cellular Responses ◽

Post Irradiation ◽

X Irradiation

The response of spermatogonial cells to X-irradiation is well documented. It has been shown that there is a radiation resistent stem cell (As) which, after irradiation, replenishes the seminiferous epithelium. Most investigations in this area have dealt with radiation dosages of 100R or more. This study was undertaken to observe cellular responses at doses less than 100R of X-irradiation utilizing a system in which the tissue can be used for light and electron microscopy.Brown B6D2F1 mice aged 16 weeks were exposed to X-irradiation (225KeV; 15mA; filter 0.35 Cu; 50-60 R/min). Four mice were irradiated at each dose level between 1 and 100 rads. Testes were removed 3 days post-irradiation, fixed, and embedded. Sections were cut at 2 microns for light microscopy. After staining, surviving spermatogonia were identified and counted in tubule cross sections. The surviving fraction of spermatogonia compared to control, S/S0, was plotted against dose to give the curve shown in Fig. 1.

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The early development of antenna and antennal sensilla in the noctuid moth, Agrotis segetum (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100160066 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 502-503

Author(s):

Eric Hallberg ◽

Lina Hansén

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Early Development ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Agrotis Segetum ◽

Antennal Sensilla ◽

Noctuid Moth ◽

Standard Procedures

The antennal rudiments in lepidopterous insects are present as disks during the larval stage. The tubular double-walled antennal disk is present beneath the larval antenna, and its inner layer gives rise to the adult antenna during the pupal stage. The sensilla develop from a cluster of cells that are derived from one stem cell, which gives rise to both sensory and enveloping cells. During the morphogenesis of the sensillum these cells undergo major transformations, including cell death. In the moth Agrotis segetum the pupal stage lasts about 14 days (temperature, 25°C). The antennae, clearly seen from the exterior, were dissected and fixed according to standard procedures (3 % glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M cacaodylate buffer, followed by 1 % osmiumtetroxide in the same buffer). Pupae from day 1 to day 8, of both sexes were studied.

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