Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoea lacunosa, and Ipomoea purpurea

Field studies were conducted in North Carolina in 1981 and 1982 to evaluate the efficacy of postemergence over-the-top and postemergence-directed herbicides for control of five morningglory species: entireleaf [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. var.integriusculaGray], tall [Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth. ♯3PHBPU], ivyleaf [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. var.hederacea♯IPOHE], pitted [Ipomoea lacunosa(L.) ♯ IPOLA], and scarlet [Ipomoea coccinea(L.) ♯IPOCC]. The glabrous morningglories (scarlet and pitted) were more easily controlled than the pubescent morningglories (ivyleaf, tall, and entireleaf). Lower soybean injury, higher morningglory control, and greater soybean seed yields were obtained with over-the-top herbicide applications at 4 weeks after planting (WAP) than at 6 WAP. Pitted morningglory was tolerant to low rates of 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid]. This herbicide applied over the top at the R1 stage of soybean growth produced low yields, probably as a result of morningglory interference and herbicide injury to the soybeans. Postemergence-directed applications of linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] alone or in tank mixtures with 2,4-DB resulted in soybean injury that ranged from 12 to 36%. Highest soybean seed yields (equivalent to weed-free control) from postemergence-directed herbicides were obtained with applications of 2,4-DB, linuron, and a tank mixture of metribuzin and 2,4-DB.

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Flumioxazin for Weed Control in Texas Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-23-1-6 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 30-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

W. James Grichar ◽

A. Edwin Colburn

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Early Season ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Pitted Morningglory ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Herbicide Programs

Abstract Field experiments were conducted in 1991 and 1993 to evaluate flumioxazin alone and in various herbicide programs for weed control in peanut. Flumioxazin alone provided inconsistent control of annual grasses, while the addition of pendimethalin or trifluralin improved control considerably. Pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa L.) and ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq.] control was > 75% when flumioxazin was used alone. Flumioxazin caused early season peanut stunting with some recovery within 4 to 6 wk. Postemergence applications of imazethapyr or lactofen increased peanut stunting.

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Recovery of Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) and Ivyleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) Following Applications of Acifluorfen, Fomesafen, and Lactofen

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500074993 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 345-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jeffery M. Higgins ◽

Ted Whitwell ◽

Edward C. Murdock ◽

Joe E. Toler

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽

Pitted Morningglory ◽

Seed Yields

Field experiments were conducted during 1985 and 1986 to determine the response of soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Coker 156’], pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL. # IPOLA), and ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. # IPOHE] to acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid}, fomesafen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzamide}, and lactofen {(±)-2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl-5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-dinitrobenzoate}. Acifluorfen and lactofen were more phytotoxic to soybean 15 days after treatment (DAT) than fomesafen. All herbicides at low rates controlled 80% or more pitted morningglory. However, only the high rates (0.6 kg ai/ha) of acifluorfen and fomesafen controlled 80% or more ivyleaf morningglory 90 DAT. Full-season competition from untreated pitted morningglory reduced soybean seed yields 44 and 22% in 1985 and 1986, respectively, compared to 58 and 49% with untreated ivyleaf morningglory. Soybean seed yields were higher in plots receiving acifluorfen or fomesafen applications than lactofen applications.

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Weed Management Programs in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9080182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Taghi Bararpour ◽

Ralph R. Hale ◽

Gurpreet Kaur ◽

Bhupinder Singh ◽

Te-Ming P. Tseng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Amaranthus Palmeri ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Weed Interference ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Sida Spinosa

A field study was conducted in Arkansas over three years to evaluate various herbicide treatments, including sequential and tank-mix applications for weed control in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). The herbicide treatments used were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor followed by (fb) atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + mesotrione, and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron. All herbicide treatments provided excellent (90% to 100%) control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, and Sida spinosa by 12 weeks after emergence. Quinclorac and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron provided the lowest control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Urochloa platyphylla, Amaranthus palmeri, and Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula. Weed interference in the non-treated control reduced grain sorghum yield by 50% as compared to the weed-free control. S-metolachlor + mesotrione and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron reduced sorghum yields by 1009 to 1121 kg ha−1 compared to other herbicide treatments. The five best herbicide treatments in terms of weed control and grain sorghum yield were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor fb atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, and the standard treatment of S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine.

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Weed Management in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with Diclosulam Preemergence

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00046017 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 450-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

William A. Bailey ◽

John W. Wilcut ◽

David L. Jordan ◽

Charles W. Swann ◽

Vernon B. Langston

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Studies ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Eclipta Prostrata ◽

Sida Spinosa ◽

Prickly Sida

Field studies were conducted at five locations in North Carolina and Virginia in 1996 and 1997 to evaluate weed control and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) response to diclosulam that was applied preemergence (PRE) and in systems with commercial standards. All plots received a preplant incorporated (PPI) treatment of ethalfluralin at 840 g ai/ha. Diclosulam controlled common lambsquarters (Chenopodium albumL.), eclipta (Eclipta prostrataL.), entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriusculaGray), ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.], pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.), and prickly sida (Sida spinosaL.) as well as and frequently better than the commercial standards of acifluorfen plus bentazon applied postemergence (POST), paraquat plus bentazon early POST followed by (fb) imazapic POST, or imazapic POST. Systems with ethalfluralin PPI plus diclosulam PRE at 26 g ai/ha fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST controlled a broader spectrum of weeds and yielded greater than systems of ethalfluralin PPI fb imazapic POST or ethalfluralin PPI fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST. Peanut exhibited excellent tolerance to diclosulam PRE at 17, 26, or 35 g/ha.

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Aspects of Germination, Emergence, and Seed Production of ThreeIpomoeaTaxa

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500049808 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 245-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

L. F. Gomes ◽

J. M. Chandler ◽

C. E. Vaughan

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Planting Depth ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

C Cycle ◽

Seed Age

The influence of seed age, planting depth, and temperature on the germination and emergence of ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. var.hederacea], white morningglory(Ipomoea lacunosaL.), and entireleaf morningglory(Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriusculaGray) was studied by using pure seed of each taxa that were collected in 1972, 1973, and 1974. Germination of acid-scarified white and entireleaf morningglory seed ranged from 64 to 98% at continuous 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 C and at an alternating 20/30 C cycle. The ivyleaf morningglory germination range was 50 to 98% at these temperatures, except at 40 C germination was <25%. Germination of nonscarified seed was generally 30 to 60% lower than scarified seed for the three taxa. Germination of seed collected in 1972 for all three taxa was less than 10% with 6 days of exposure to 45 C and 100% relative humidity, and germination of seed collected in 1973 and 1974 ceased with 12 days of exposure. Maximum emergence for all taxa occurred at planting depths of 1.3 and 2.5 cm. Seed age influenced seedling emergence of white morningglory and ivyleaf morningglory but not entireleaf morningglory. Total numbers of seed produced per plant for white, entireleaf, and ivyleaf morningglory were 15,200, 14,600, and 5,800, respectively.

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Control of Six Morningglory (Ipomoea) Species in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500055569 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 409-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

W. D. Mathis ◽

L. R. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Plant Uptake ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽

Pitted Morningglory ◽

Small Flower ◽

Excellent Control ◽

Natural Infestation ◽

Over The Top

A 4-yr field test was initiated in 1975 to determine susceptibility of a natural infestation of six morningglory species to herbicides which can be applied to the soil and foliage in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. The species studied were pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.), entireleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. var.integriuscula], ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.], purple moonflower [Ipomoea muricata(L.) Jacq.], palmleaf morningglory [Ipomoea wrightii(Gray)], and small flower morningglory [Jacquemontia tamnifolia(L.) Griseb.]. Control with herbicides applied preplant incorporated and preemergence was dependent on morningglory species and on rainfall to allow plant uptake of the herbicide. Herbicides applied to the soil were not as effective as those applied postemergence. Oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] gave the best and longest lasting preemergence control, averaging 79% control for all species. Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory. At V2 (one trifoliolate) and V5 stages of soybean growth, acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 90 and 92% control of all species, respectively. Most effective were repeated post-directed applications at V5 and V7 stages of soybean growth. Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species.

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Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Acifluorfen and Lactofen in Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) and Ivyleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500074622 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 141-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jeffery M. Higgins ◽

Ted Whitwell ◽

Fredrick T. Corbin ◽

George E. Carter ◽

Hoke S. Hill

Keyword(s):

Leaf Water ◽

Ipomoea Hederacea ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽

Pitted Morningglory ◽

Species Translocation

Experiments were conducted to determine14C absorption, translocation, and metabolism by pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL. # IPOLA) and ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. # IPOHE] foliarly treated with14C-acifluorfen [5-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoic acid] or14C-lactofen [(±)-2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl-5-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-dinitrobenzoate]. Seventy-one to 84% of applied14C-acifluorfen was recovered in leaf water wash of ivyleaf morningglory compared to 32 to 46% from pitted morningglory. Sixty-four percent of applied14C-lactofen was recovered in leaf water wash 96 h after treatment in both morningglory species. Thirty-five to 37% more14C from applied14C-acifluorfen was found in pitted morningglory treated leaves than ivyleaf morningglory treated leaves. Less than 28% of applied14C-lactofen was extracted from treated leaves of either morningglory species. Translocation and metabolism of14C-acifluorfen and14C-lactofen were minimal in both morningglory species.

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