Green corrosion inhibitors derived through one-step multicomponent reactions: recent developments

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have inherent advantages in pot, atom, and step economy (PASE). This important green synthetic approach has gained increasing attention due to high efficiency, minimal waste, saving resources, and straightforward procedures. Presented in this review article are the recent development on 5-compoment reactions (5CRs) of the following six types: (I) five different molecules A + B + C + D + E; pseudo-5CRs including (II) 2A + B + C + D, (III) 2A + 2B + C, (IV) 3A + B + C, (V) 3A + 2B, and (VI) 4A + B. 5CRs with more than five-reaction centers are also included.

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Mechanisms of Primary Membranous Nephropathy

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11040513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

Yan Gu ◽

Hui Xu ◽

Damu Tang

Keyword(s):

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Full Spectrum ◽

The Past ◽

Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽

Kidney Glomerulus ◽

Recent Developments ◽

One Step ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage ◽

Antibody Levels

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease of the kidney glomerulus and one of the leading causes of nephrotic syndrome. The disease exhibits heterogenous outcomes with approximately 30% of cases progressing to end-stage renal disease. The clinical management of MN has steadily advanced owing to the identification of autoantibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in 2009 and thrombospondin domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) in 2014 on the podocyte surface. Approximately 50–80% and 3–5% of primary MN (PMN) cases are associated with either anti-PLA2R or anti-THSD7A antibodies, respectively. The presence of these autoantibodies is used for MN diagnosis; antibody levels correlate with disease severity and possess significant biomarker values in monitoring disease progression and treatment response. Importantly, both autoantibodies are causative to MN. Additionally, evidence is emerging that NELL-1 is associated with 5–10% of PMN cases that are PLA2R- and THSD7A-negative, which moves us one step closer to mapping out the full spectrum of PMN antigens. Recent developments suggest exostosin 1 (EXT1), EXT2, NELL-1, and contactin 1 (CNTN1) are associated with MN. Genetic factors and other mechanisms are in place to regulate these factors and may contribute to MN pathogenesis. This review will discuss recent developments over the past 5 years.

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Use of Curcuma and Curcumin as a Green Corrosion Inhibitors for carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid

International Journal of Electrochemical Science ◽

10.20964/2019.06.53 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 5026-5041

Author(s):

E A. Flores-Frias ◽

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Corrosion Inhibitors ◽

Green Corrosion Inhibitors

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Recent advance in ester synthesis by Multi Component Reactions (MCRs): A Review

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272825666210111111805 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

Author(s):

Dhaval B. Patel ◽

Jagruti A. Parmar ◽

Siddharth S. Patel ◽

Unnati J. Naik ◽

Hitesh D. Patel

Keyword(s):

Multicomponent Reactions ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Synthetic Methods ◽

Ester Synthesis ◽

One Pot ◽

Wide Range ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Ester Linkage ◽

The One

: The synthesis of ester containing heterocyclic compounds via multicomponent reaction is one of the most preferable process in the synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry. Compounds containing ester linkage have a wide range of biological application in the pharmaceutical field. Therefore, many method have been developed for the synthesis of these type of derivatives. However, some of them are carried out in the presence of toxic solvents and catalysts, with lower yields, longer reaction times, low selectivities and by-products. Thus, the development of new synthetic methods for the ester synthesis is required in the medicinal chemistry. As we know, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are a powerful tool towards the one-pot ester synthesis, so in this article we have reviewed the recent developments in ester synthesis. This work covers selected explanation of methods via multicomponent reactions to explore the methodological development in ester synthesis.

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