An Evaluation Method for Plant Alarm System Based on a Two-Layer Cause-Effect Model

Author(s):  
Naoki Kimura ◽  
Kazuhiro Takeda ◽  
Masaru Noda ◽  
Takashi Hamaguchi
2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Takeda ◽  
Takashi Hamaguchi ◽  
Masaru Noda

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Leung Ng ◽  
Xinshu Zhao

By adopting the uses and gratifications approach to understand two evolutionary needs—the environmental surveillance need and social involvement need—this study investigated the use of alarm and prosocial words in news headlines and the associated generic digital footprints. We analyzed over 170,000 online news headlines and the number of associated clicks and “likes” for each news story on an online news platform. Our results support the idea of a human alarm system for sensational news as a psychological survival mechanism designed to detect and pay attention to threatening news such as catastrophes and diseases. News headlines with alarm words indirectly attracted more “likes,” indicating a concern with survival, through an increased number of clicks to select that news item. Furthermore, the results of a conditional indirect effect model showed that while online readers selectively clicked on news headlines with alarm words, the presence of a prosocial word in the headline increased the likelihood that readers would “like” it.


2011 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 349-352
Author(s):  
Satoshi Onishi ◽  
Kazuhiro Takeda

Recently in U.S. and Europe, the approach for the safety of plant intensifies because of many accidents in plant. In the approaches, alarm system is especially important. Alarms should be used to enable operators to diagnose faults of plant and plan countermeasures. To accomplish these functions, nuisance alarms should be eliminated. In this study, we suggest a systematic method of alarm system design for unsteady state process by using Cause-Effect model. The presumed indicators were chosen from intended indicators are theoretically guaranteed to be able to qualitatively distinguish all assumed faults. And by use of the different model for each process in unsteady state operation, it is considered that fault candidates and indicators are restricted. The method is applied to a simple process for the case study.


Author(s):  
T. Oikawa ◽  
H. Kosugi ◽  
F. Hosokawa ◽  
D. Shindo ◽  
M. Kersker

Evaluation of the resolution of the Imaging Plate (IP) has been attempted by some methods. An evaluation method for IP resolution, which is not influenced by hard X-rays at higher accelerating voltages, was proposed previously by the present authors. This method, however, requires truoblesome experimental preperations partly because specially synthesized hematite was used as a specimen, and partly because a special shape of the specimen was used as a standard image. In this paper, a convenient evaluation method which is not infuenced by the specimen shape and image direction, is newly proposed. In this method, phase contrast images of thin amorphous film are used.Several diffraction rings are obtained by the Fourier transformation of a phase contrast image of thin amorphous film, taken at a large under focus. The rings show the spatial-frequency spectrum corresponding to the phase contrast transfer function (PCTF). The envelope function is obtained by connecting the peak intensities of the rings. The evelope function is offten used for evaluation of the instrument, because the function shows the performance of the electron microscope (EM).


2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4, 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham

Abstract To account for the effects of multiple impairments, evaluating physicians must provide a summary value that combines multiple impairments so the whole person impairment is equal to or less than the sum of all the individual impairment values. A common error is to add values that should be combined and typically results in an inflated rating. The Combined Values Chart in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, includes instructions that guide physicians about combining impairment ratings. For example, impairment values within a region generally are combined and converted to a whole person permanent impairment before combination with the results from other regions (exceptions include certain impairments of the spine and extremities). When they combine three or more values, physicians should select and combine the two lowest values; this value is combined with the third value to yield the total value. Upper extremity impairment ratings are combined based on the principle that a second and each succeeding impairment applies not to the whole unit (eg, whole finger) but only to the part that remains (eg, proximal phalanx). Physicians who combine lower extremity impairments usually use only one evaluation method, but, if more than one method is used, the physician should use the Combined Values Chart.


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