Endocrine Disruption and Human Health

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption

scholarly journals The controversies of parabens – an overview nowadays

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvonimir Petric ◽  
Julia Ružić ◽  
Irena Žuntar
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
The Real ◽  
Aliphatic Esters

AbstractEffects of paraben toxicity, i.e., endocrine-disruption properties, are in the focus of researchers for decades, but still – they are a hot subject of debate. Parabens are aliphatic esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents for the preservation of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods. Mostly used parabens are methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylparaben. Although the toxicity of parabens is reported in animals and in in vitro studies, it cannot be taken for granted when discussing hazards for human health due to an unrealistic exposure -safety profile. Many studies have demonstrated that parabens are non-teratogenic, non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic and the real evidence for their toxicity in humans has not been established. For now, methyl-, ethyl- and propylparaben are considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals within the recommended range of doses. Regarding alternatives for parabens, a variety of approaches have been proposed, but every substitute would need to be tested rigorously for toxicity and safety.

Hormonal Confusion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Kabat
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Environmental Estrogens ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

In the early 1990s concern emerged that hormonal compounds present in small amounts in food and water – “environmental estrogens” -- could be having subtle effects on human health and wildlife. This concern led to the formulation of the “endocrine-disruption hypothesis,” which has received widespread attention. Over twenty years of research have shown that environmental exposures to these substances is generally minute and are dwarfed by hormonal (phytoestrogenic) compounds in food, as well as by hormone therapy used by some women. Nevertheless, the issue of “endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the environment” is currently under debate within the European Union and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Environmental Obesogens and Human Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archisman Mahapatra ◽  
Priya Gupta ◽  
Anjali Suman ◽  
Rahul Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
The World ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Obesity is an alarming public health concern that contributes to a substantially increased risk of multiple chronic disorders, including diabetes. As per WHO data, in 2016, almost 39% adult population of the world is overweight, 13% of them were obese. There is prominent evidence on the involvement of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals, termed obesogens, in the prevalence of this growing worldwide pandemic, obesity. The exaggerated effect of obesogens on endocrine disruption, lipid metabolism and homeostasis, adipocyte functioning, impaired thermogenesis, inflammation, epigenetics, and overall human health will be covered in this chapter. This chapter will discuss the environmental obesogen hypothesis, the epidemiological and experimental evidence of obesogens, its chemical characteristics, and possible mechanism of actions. It will also focus on some recent indications of obesogens and their correlation in COVID-19 disease pathogenesis. This chapter will try to conclude with strategies for identifying the underlying mechanisms of obesogens within model systems and the human body, including future directions.

Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols – update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kovarova ◽  
J. Blahova ◽  
L. Divisova ◽  
Z. Svobodova
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Alkylphenol Ethoxylates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Human Blood And Urine

AbstractAlkylphenols and their precursors, alkylphenol etoxylates, are a group of manmade chemicals used mainly as surfactants in domestic and industrial applications worldwide. It has been well established that they have endocrine disruption activity, hepatotoxic, genotoxic and other negative effects on animal and human health. In spite of the effort to reduce their use, they persist in the environment not only in industrial but also in remote regions, and were detected in the variety of natural matrices including air, water, soil as well as food products, and human blood and urine worldwide. This article summarizes their occurrence, fate in natural conditions, and toxicity including mode of action. A subject of our concern was the aquatic environment as the most important reservoir and target of their deleterious impact.

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