Effects of an alcohol intervention on drinking among female college students with and without a recent history of sexual violence

RISE, a sexual violence prevention program for female college students in India, covers topics on gender, healthy relationships, sexual violence, and bystander education, and focuses on the teaching of knowledge, the promotion of positive attitudes as well as the support of effective behaviors to prevent sexual violence against women in India. However, it is yet unclear what impact this program has in preventing sexual violence. In this evaluation study, a total of N = 245 female college students based in New Delhi and aged 17 to 22 years were assigned to a training ( N = 128) or a waitlist control group ( N = 117). The prevention program was conducted by two Indian professionals of a non-governmental organization (NGO) in New Delhi within five sessions. Results indicated that students in the training group showed significant increases in awareness of gender stereotypes, the importance of communication in relationships, bystander efficacy as well as intentions to intervene as a bystander in situations of violence when compared to students in the control group right after the program (posttest) and six months later (follow-up). Additionally, the training group displayed a significant increase of knowledge in all four program areas (gender, healthy relationships, sexual violence, and bystander education). Our findings implicate that future sexual violence prevention programs in India need to address women as well as men to effectively tackle sexual violence. In this context, bystander education seems to be one of the most promising approaches by targeting whole communities and creating new social norms regarding helping behavior and the prevention of sexual violence.

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Breakfast Skipping in Female College Students Is a Potential and Preventable Predictor of Gynecologic Disorders at Health Service Centers

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10070476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Tomoko Fujiwara ◽

Masanori Ono ◽

Takashi Iizuka ◽

Naomi Sekizuka-Kagami ◽

Yoshiko Maida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Health Service ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Female College Students ◽

Menstrual Disorders ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Female College ◽

Breakfast Skipping ◽

Meal Skipping ◽

History Of

Inadequate dietary habits in youth are known to increase the risk of onset of various diseases in adulthood. Previously, we found that female college students who skipped breakfast had higher incidences of dysmenorrhea, suggesting that breakfast skipping interferes with ovarian and uterine functions. Since dietary habits can be managed by education, it is preferable to establish a convenient screening system for meal skipping that is associated with dysmenorrhea as part of routine services of health service centers. In this study, we recruited 3172 female students aged from 18 to 25 at Kanazawa University and carried out an annual survey of the status of students’ health and lifestyle in 2019, by a questionnaire. We obtained complete responses from 3110 students and analyzed the relationship between dietary habits, such as meal skipping and history of dieting, and menstrual disorders, such as troubles or worries with menstruation, menstrual irregularity, menstrual pain, and use of oral contraceptives. The incidence of troubles or worries with menstruation was significantly higher in those with breakfast skipping (p < 0.05) and a history of dieting (p < 0.001). This survey successfully confirmed the positive relationship between breakfast skipping and menstrual pain (p < 0.001), indicating that this simple screening test is suitable for picking up breakfast skippers who are more prone to gynecologic disorders. In conclusions, since dysmenorrhea is one of the important clinical signs, breakfast skipping may become an effective marker to predict the subsequent onset of gynecological diseases at health service centers. Considering educational correction of meal skipping, breakfast skipping is a potential and preventable predictor that will contribute to managing menstrual disorders from a preventive standpoint in the future.

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Accurate and False Recall in the Deese/Roediger and McDermott Procedure: A Methodological Note on Sex of Participant

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2002.91.2.423 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 423-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John G. Seamon ◽

John D. Guerry ◽

Gregory P. Marsh ◽

Michael C. Tracy

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

False Memory ◽

Memory Effect ◽

Sex Difference ◽

Past History ◽

Neurological Status ◽

False Recall ◽

Female College Students ◽

Female College ◽

History Of

Research suggests that individuals may differ in their susceptibility to false memory in the Deese/Roediger and McDermott procedure. Prior studies of differences have focused on the effects of age, personality, personal past history of abuse, and neurological status on false memory susceptibility. This study examined whether sex might also differentially influence false memory. After listening to a series of word lists designed to elicit false recall of nonstudied associates, 50 male and 50 female college students free recalled the lists. Analysis showed no sex difference in accurate recall, false recall, or unrelated intrusions. A robust false memory effect was observed, but sex did not differentiate performance.

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