Biophysical models and meta-modelling to reduce the basis risk in index-based insurance: A case study on winter cereals in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 108320
Author(s):  
Sofia Tartarini ◽  
Fosco Vesely ◽  
Ermes Movedi ◽  
Luca Radegonda ◽  
Andrea Pietrasanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basis Risk ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
Winter Cereals

Linking biophysical models and public preferences for ecosystem service assessments: a case study for the Southern Rocky Mountains

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 2005-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Bagstad ◽  
James M. Reed ◽  
Darius J. Semmens ◽  
Benson C. Sherrouse ◽  
Austin Troy
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Public Preferences ◽  
Southern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Biophysical Models

scholarly journals A Case study of cognitive and biophysical models of education as linked to anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Kelly Maye
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
Biophysical Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

A Case study of cognitive and biophysical models of education as linked to anxiety and obsessive compulsive disordersCognitive and biophysical factors have been considered contributors linked to identifiable markers of obsessive compulsive and anxiety disorders. Research demonstrates multiple causes and mixed results for the short-term success of educational programs designed to ameliorate problems that children with obsessive compulsive and anxiety disorders face in the day school setting. The consideration of cognitive and biophysical models of education as related to OCD and anxiety disorder has proven beneficial in determining appropriate treatment for the identified population of students. In this case study cognitive and biophysical factors are considered to address the referral, eligibility, placement, and treatment of a 4th grade student named Ethan. Ethan exhibited OCD tendencies and elevated levels of anxiety. Ethan often responded to everyday situations with increased emotion of anger and worry, which presented an adverse impact on his educational performance. An array of information was collected as part of the special education evaluation conducted through several measures including: educational diagnostics, surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Ethan was found eligible for services under the primary disability category "Emotional and Behavioral Disorder", related to diagnoses of Obsessive Compulsive and Anxiety Disorder. It was determined that the result of such chronic disorders limited Ethan's ability to access the educational environment, in the absence of specially designed instruction. Interventions considered applicable for implementation were Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), as a form of psychotherapy, and Cognitive Therapy (CT).

Addressing basis risk in agricultural margin insurances

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Url ◽  
Franz Sinabell ◽  
Karin Heinschink
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Income Risk ◽  
Basis Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Margin Insurance ◽  
The Eu

Purpose After several reforms of the common agricultural policy, domestic product prices and farm incomes have become more volatile in the EU. Risk-averse farmers are therefore seeking income stabilizing measures. Margin insurance is among the feasible options but is not yet established in the EU. The purpose of this paper is to explore such an insurance under EU conditions for a major crop. Design/methodology/approach The paper explores conditions for a viable margin insurance. It presents a modeled-loss trigger for a margin insurance scheme using wheat production in Austria as the case study. Findings While margin insurance products are widely used in the USA, such products are not available in the EU. Basis risk seems to be an important reason. An exploration of wheat production in Austria shows that heterogeneity among farms is relevant. The authors demonstrate an approach aiming to lower basis risks. Research limitations/implications This paper presents a technically feasible approach to handle the basis risk of a margin insurance under EU conditions. Before such a product can be placed on the market, further research on systemic risk is needed. Market research is necessary to fine-tune the details of the product to meet the actual demand of farmers. Further empirical validation of the modeled losses is needed. Legal implications are not explored in this paper. Practical implications The insurance product presented here demonstrates a concept that is established in the USA under EU conditions. It is motivated by several shortcomings of income risk mitigation approaches in the EU. Social implications Income risk may be seen as a problem of social policy. The approach shows that it can be addressed by market-oriented instruments. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to propose a tool to handle basis risk for margin insurance products in agriculture in the EU. A special feature of the proposed approach is that it is not limited to a single product such as wheat.

Basis Risk of Earthquake Catastrophe Bond Trigger Using Scenario-Based versus Station Intensity–Based Approaches: A Case Study for Southwestern British Columbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuichiro Goda
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Basis Risk ◽  
Catastrophe Bonds ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Trigger Mechanisms ◽  
Balanced Solutions

This study investigates the effectiveness of two trigger mechanisms for parametric earthquake catastrophe bonds: scenario-based and station intensity–based approaches, in terms of basis risk. Advantages of the station intensity–based method are that balanced solutions with low total trigger errors and with similar positive and negative errors can be obtained. Two methods are applied to a case study for 2,000 conventional wood-frame houses in southwestern British Columbia. The results indicate that the station intensity–based method performs at least as well as the scenario-based method in terms of total trigger error. Moreover, model risks, as part of basis risk, are assessed by considering different spatial correlation models of peak ground motions. The use of incorrect spatial correlation models results in additional errors of the catastrophe bond trigger mechanisms.

Water and nutrient management: the Austria case study of the FATIMA H2020 project

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vuolo ◽  
L. Essl ◽  
L. Zappa ◽  
T. Sandén ◽  
H. Spiegel
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition Index ◽  
Chlorophyll Index

The project “FArming Tools for external nutrient Inputs and water Management” (FATIMA, H2020-SFS2) is developing satellite-based methodologies and information to support effective and efficient water and nitrogen input recommendations in agricultural production. This paper focuses on nitrogen recommendation for winter cereals in Austria and presents preliminary findings from the 2015/16 crop growing season. The Nitrogen Nutrition Index was applied using an empirical relationship to derive dry mass from Leaf Area Index (LAI) and %Na from a chlorophyll index. Results showed a very high correlation between LAI and above ground dry mass (R2=0.95) but a lower correlation between the chlorophyll index and %Na (R2=0.24). Despite various indices tested, the relationship to estimate %Na remains weak. Additional field data and research are needed to further study this aspect.

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