scholarly journals Basin-wide productivity and livelihood analysis of flood-based agricultural systems in African drylands: A case study in the Fogera floodplain

2022 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 107379
Author(s):  
Mara Getachew Zenebe ◽  
Luuk Fleskens ◽  
Coen Ritsema ◽  
Frank Steenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Systems

scholarly journals Operations Scheduling of Sugarcane Production Using Classical GERT Method (Part I: Land Preparation, Planting and Preserve Operations)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nasim Monjezi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Sheikhdavoodi ◽  
Hasan Zakidizaji ◽  
Afshin Marzban ◽  
Mahmood Shomeili
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Sugarcane Production ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Operations Scheduling ◽  
Gert Networks

Analysis and evaluation of agricultural systems use these criteria: energy, economic, agronomy, environmental conservation and time. Because of time importance indicator for reducing timeliness cost, project scheduling techniques are used. Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique (GERT) is widely used as a tool for managing projects. In this research GERT Networks were used and operations scheduling of sugarcane production (land preparation, planting and preserve operations) in Khuzestan province of Iran as a case study was analysed, by using WinQsb software. Critical activities, events and path were determined. The earliest project completion time is 214.03 days. The results show a high potential for operations scheduling of sugarcane production.

scholarly journals Sustainability Comparison Between Organic and Conventional Systems at Farm and Field Scale: A Case Study in Olive Production Systems in Apulia Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Jenny Calabrese ◽  
Cesare Pacini ◽  
Concetta Vazzana ◽  
Mariana Nikolla
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Conventional Systems

Dependence of conventional agricultural systems on chemical fertilizers and pesticidesmakes agricultural systems less stable and important drift polluters influencing to theregional and global sustainability. This problem made human being think about thealternative systems: agricultural systems that mimic natural systems and are friendly to theenvironment; those have higher economical efficiency concerning production level andcosts. The objective of the present study was sustainability assessment and comparison oforganic and conventional system with special focus environmental and economicalperformance. The case study consisted of two organic and conventional olive producingfarms in the South of Italy. The method used for sustainability assessment wasEnvironmental Accounting Information System (EAIS) that integrates togetherenvironmental (soil organic matter, soil erosion, genetic and landscape biodiversity,EPRIP, etc ) and economical indicators (gross margin). Data used for assessment ofEAIS indicators values were mainly collected from: farm economic-accounting systems,interviews, farm maps, area public organizations, bibliographical sources, farm nutrientaccounting systems, observations and field assessments and chemical soil analyses. Theindicator values measured into two farms were compared to theoretical or referenceindicator values. Based on indicator assessment it was concluded that organic olivegrowing farm had better performance than conventional farm.

Developing sustainable practices to adapt to the impacts of climate change: a case study of agricultural systems in eastern England (UK)

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lorenzoni ◽  
A. Jordan ◽  
D. Favis-Mortlock ◽  
D. Viner ◽  
J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals The PROMETHEE Framework for Comparing the Sustainability of Agricultural Systems

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byomkesh Talukder ◽  
Keith W. Hipel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Different Types

The PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) method is applied to five different types of agricultural systems in coastal Bangladesh in order to rank the alternatives from most to least suitable according to a range of sustainability indicators. More specifically, composite indicators from six sustainability categories—productivity, stability, efficiency, durability, compatibility, and equity—are used for this assessment. The case study demonstrates that PROMETHEE constitutes a flexible MCDA (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis) tool to investigate the sustainability of agricultural systems, rank the different alternative systems, and provide valuable insights.

Multiple equilibria, soil conservation investments, and the resilience of agricultural systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. ANTLE ◽  
JETSE J. STOORVOGEL ◽  
ROBERTO O. VALDIVIA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Conservation Investment ◽  
Positive Return ◽  
Conservation Technologies

This paper provides a new explanation for the persistent land degradation in some parts of the world, despite the availability of seemingly effective soil conservation technologies. We demonstrate that soil conservation technologies may induce agricultural systems to exhibit equilibria characterized by both low and high levels of soil degradation. These two equilibria are separated by a threshold level of soil degradation beyond which a conservation investment will not yield a positive return. Once a parcel of land crosses this productivity threshold, soil degradation becomes economically irreversible (it is not profitable to invest in soil conservation) even though the degradation may be technically reversible. A case study of terracing investments in Peru is used to demonstrate the existence of multiple equilibria under conditions typical of many marginal agricultural areas. These findings help explain why attempts to encourage permanent adoption of soil conservation practices often fail, and how more successful policies could be designed.

Zwitserland en de Europese Ekonomische Gemeenschap (1958-1972) : Een case-study inzake Europese integratie

Res Publica ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
F. Govaerts
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Kennedy Round ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Commercial Field

Switzerland's attitude towards the EEC is typical of the new foreign policy adopted by that country in 1947 under the heading «Neutrality and Solidarity».A number of centrifugal factors (the EEC is regarded as the centre or the pole of attraction) have kept Switzerland out of the EEC, although many other factors, economic and commercial in particular, but alsoideological, cultural, politica! and geographical ones tend towards closer ties with the EEC, and have acted as «centripetal» farces. The main «centrifugal» factors were: Swiss neutrality, the federal system and direct democracy, certain economic elements such as the fiscal and agricultural systems, and especially psychological factors including attitudes and ideas concerning the EEC and the consequences of membership.Moreover, timely corrections and adaptations in the international commercial field (EFTA membership, advantages gained from the Kennedy Round, the 1972 Free Trade Agreement with the enlarged EEC) havereduced the necessity to seek a closer relationship with the Community.

scholarly journals A Framework for Optimizing Phytosanitary Thresholds in Seed Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Alan Choudhury ◽  
Karen A. Garrett ◽  
Steven J. Klosterman ◽  
Krishna V. Subbarao ◽  
Neil McRoberts
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Exotic Pathogens ◽  
Seedborne Pathogens ◽  
Spinach Downy Mildew ◽  
The Cost

Seedborne pathogens and pests limit production in many agricultural systems. Quarantine programs help prevent the introduction of exotic pathogens into a country, but few regulations directly apply to reducing the reintroduction and spread of endemic pathogens. Use of phytosanitary thresholds helps limit the movement of pathogen inoculum through seed, but the costs associated with rejected seed lots can be prohibitive for voluntary implementation of phytosanitary thresholds. In this paper, we outline a framework to optimize thresholds for seedborne pathogens, balancing the cost of rejected seed lots and benefit of reduced inoculum levels. The method requires relatively small amounts of data, and the accuracy and robustness of the analysis improves over time as data accumulate from seed testing. We demonstrate the method first and illustrate it with a case study of seedborne oospores of Peronospora effusa, the causal agent of spinach downy mildew. A seed lot threshold of 0.23 oospores per seed could reduce the overall number of oospores entering the production system by 90% while removing 8% of seed lots destined for distribution. Alternative mitigation strategies may result in lower economic losses to seed producers, but have uncertain efficacy. We discuss future challenges and prospects for implementing this approach.

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