Music therapy and emotional exploration: Exposing substance abuse clients to the experiences of non-drug-induced emotions

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity A. Baker ◽  
Libby M. Gleadhill ◽  
Genevieve A. Dingle
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Drug Induced

scholarly journals The Use of Art and Music Therapy in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Aletraris ◽  
Maria Paino ◽  
Mary Bond Edmond ◽  
Paul M. Roman ◽  
Brian E. Bride
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Substance Abuse Treatment ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Abuse Treatment

scholarly journals Dopamine Levels Induced by Substance Abuse Alter Efficacy of Maraviroc and Expression of CCR5 Conformations on Myeloid Cells: Implications for NeuroHIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Matt ◽  
Emily A. Nickoloff-Bybel ◽  
Yi Rong ◽  
Kaitlyn Runner ◽  
Hannah Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Dopamine Signaling

Despite widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV remains a major public health issue. Even with effective ART many infected individuals still suffer from the constellation of neurological symptoms now known as neuroHIV. These symptoms can be exacerbated by substance abuse, a common comorbidity among HIV-infected individuals. The mechanism(s) by which different types of drugs impact neuroHIV remains unclear, but all drugs of abuse increase central nervous system (CNS) dopamine and elevated dopamine increases HIV infection and inflammation in human myeloid cells including macrophages and microglia, the primary targets for HIV in the brain. Thus, drug-induced increases in CNS dopamine may be a common mechanism by which distinct addictive substances alter neuroHIV. Myeloid cells are generally infected by HIV strains that use the chemokine receptor CCR5 as a co-receptor, and our data indicate that in a subset of individuals, drug-induced levels of dopamine could interfere with the effectiveness of the CCR5 inhibitor Maraviroc. CCR5 can adopt distinct conformations that differentially regulate the efficiency of HIV entry and subsequent replication and using qPCR, flow cytometry, Western blotting and high content fluorescent imaging, we show that dopamine alters the expression of specific CCR5 conformations of CCR5 on the surface of human macrophages. These changes are not affected by association with lipid rafts, but do correlate with dopamine receptor gene expression levels, specifically higher levels of D1-like dopamine receptors. These data also demonstrate that dopamine increases HIV replication and alters CCR5 conformations in human microglia similarly to macrophages. These data support the importance of dopamine in the development of neuroHIV and indicate that dopamine signaling pathways should be examined as a target in antiretroviral therapies specifically tailored to HIV-infected drug abusers. Further, these studies show the potential immunomodulatory role of dopamine, suggesting changes in this neurotransmitter may also affect the progression of other diseases.

Issues in Working with Sexually Abused Clients in Music Therapy

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Adults And Children

This paper discusses some of the issues that arise when working with sexually abused clients. It highlights a number of factors that appear to be common to this client group's manipulation of the medium of music therapy; the symbolic use of the instruments; the preoccupations with mess and containers; the use of boundaries; and the power of the secret. Material from a number of case studies (both adults and children) is used to illuminate many of the points made. Many of the issues discussed are pertinent to a wider range of client groups — particularly those prone to eating disorders and substance abuse. It does not refer to the wealth of literature regarding work with abused clients with learning difficulties.

Frequency of Socio-Demographic Factors and Variety of Substances used by Drug Induced Psychotic Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3395-3397
Author(s):  
Taimur Khan ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Khan ◽  
Shakil Asif ◽  
Syed Azhar Ali Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Overdoses ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background and Aim: Drug or substance abuse is still a major public health concern all over the world. Globally, the rate of fatal substances or drug overdoses has increased in recent decades, owing primarily to prescription drug overdoses, particularly opioids. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of socio-demographic factors and variety of substances used by drug induced psychotic patients in tertiary care hospital. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted on 86 drug-induced psychotic patients attending the Department of Psychiatry at Khattak Medical Center Peshawar, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar and Divisional Headquarter hospital, Mirpur AJK for duration of six months from January 2020 to June 2020. Patient’s demographic details and diagnosis of psychosis were collected and recorded in semi-structured proforma and ICD-10 DCR criteria respectively. Inclusion and exclusion criteria was followed for all the patients enrolled in this study. Socio-demographic details such as age, gender, identification number, educational status, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic status, and family types were all recorded. Results: Out of 86 patients, male and females were 67 (77.9%) and 19 (22.1%) respectively. The majority of the patients were between the ages of 16 and 26. Single patients outnumbered married patients by 37 (43.0%) and 49 (57%) respectively. According to education, the proportion of patients attending university, higher secondary school, secondary school, primary school, and illiterate was 14 (16.3%), 24 (27.9%), 26 (30.2%), 13 (15.1%), and 9 (10.5%) respectively. Patients were mostly unemployed 41 (47.8%). Regarding social status, the prevalence of higher, middle, and lower class was 12 (14%), 47 (54.7%), and 27 (31.4%) respectively. Among 86 patients, Schizophrenia, ATPD, and Mental and Behavioral Disorders were diagnosed in 40 (46.5%), 28 (32.6%), and 18 (20.9%) respectively. Conclusion: Our study revealed that substance abuse is common among drug-induced psychiatric patients. It was also discovered that unemployment could be one of the causes of substance abuse. Our study found a higher prevalence of schizophrenia. Keywords: Socio-demographic; Substance use; drug induced patients

Early Development of Drug-Induced Hepatic Necrosis

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki ◽  
E. Detzi ◽  
C. H. Keysser
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Microscopic Studies

This study represents the first in a series of investigations carried out to elucidate the mechanism(s) of early hepatocellular damage induced by drugs and other related compounds. During screening tests of CNS-active compounds in rats, it has been found that daily oral administration of one of these compounds at a dose level of 40 mg. per kg. of body weight induced diffuse massive hepatic necrosis within 7 weeks in Charles River Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes. Partial hepatectomy enhanced the development of this peculiar type of necrosis (3 weeks instead of 7) while treatment with phenobarbital prior to the administration of the drug delayed the appearance of necrosis but did not reduce its severity.Electron microscopic studies revealed that early development of this liver injury (2 days after the administration of the drug) appeared in the form of small dark osmiophilic vesicles located around the bile canaliculi of all hepatocytes (Fig. 1). These structures differed from the regular microbodies or the pericanalicular multivesicular bodies. They first appeared regularly rounded with electron dense matrix bound with a single membrane. After one week on the drug, these vesicles appeared vacuolated and resembled autophagosomes which soon developed whorls of concentric lamellae or cisterns characteristic of lysosomes (Fig. 2). These lysosomes were found, later on, scattered all over the hepatocytes.

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